Cultural pluralism signiture

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OTTOMAN EMPIRE

Comment from instructor:

 You have a good base of most of the areas needed. I can not wait to see how you expand and connect the elements.   I would suggest making a stronger connection on how your culture is respected in the Untied States. Have we taken some aspect of it? We need to understand how this culture is represented here in the US? Art, Dance, Food, etc? Also Acculturation is incorrect - this is how we ( you and I ) would assimilate in their culture. As a reminder-  all of the cultural context elements need to have there own heading and section.   

Outline Ottoman Empire

I. Introduction

· The Ottoman Empire is one of the oldest and greatest dynasties in the world's history. This Muslim kingdom has been ruling large parts of the Middle East, Eastern Europe, and North Africa for more than 600 years. The king was recognized as the Sultan, gave his subjects full religious and political control.

· Although Western Europeans commonly see it as a challenge, other historians see the Ottoman Empire as a path of great prosperity and national security as well as significant literature, technology, religion and, culture accomplishments. Around 1299 the Ottoman Empire was established by Osman I, the leader of the Anatolian Turkish tribe.

· The Ottoman name derives from the Arabic Ottoman word "‘Uthman." The Ottoman Turks formed a formal state, and spread their territory under the Osman I, Orhan, Murad I, and Bayezid I governments. (Turkey, 2019)

II. History

· Suleiman has established a strong legal structure and various art and literary styles. Suleiman has been seen by most Muslims as a religious and political figure. Under the reign of Sultan Suleiman, the Kingdom expanded and invaded Eastern Europe. At the end of the Ottoman Empire there were Turkish, Greek, Bulgarian, Egyptian, Hungarian, Macedonian, Romanian, Jordanian, Palestinian, Lebanese, Syrian, Arabic, and large numbers on the coast of the North African peninsula. (Britannica, 2019)

· When his soldiers conquered Constantinople, Mehmet II, the son of Murad, took the Ottoman Empire to its height. There was a misunderstanding. The Ottomans are reinforced for many reasons. The first is a deep moral feeling. The Ottomans were Muslims of obedience, and both religious and political figures were their sultans. It has many reasons for its popularity, but some include the powerful and coordinated military and its dominant political system. The Ottoman Empire remains one of the oldest, productive states in its history.

· From the 1600s the Ottoman Kingdom began to lose the influence of Europe financially and militarily. Provinces in the Middle East also diminished their resources. Inflation triggered by the migration of expensive metals from America into Europe and a growing disparity in East-West trade affected Ottoman economic development. The key reasons for the Ottoman Empire's decline: its population was too agrarian and not organized, its literacy rate was low. Other nations purposely undermined it and threatened Russia with the hostile competition. The primary explanation for this is that in the First World War it took the opposite side.

III. Cultural context

· It is a very significant aspect of the Empire because of its cultural contributions. They have many other backgrounds, including Islamic and Arabic.

· Poetry and writing became important components of the Ottoman Empire's history. For the Ottoman court circle, the poetry created had a clear influence from Persian rituals.

· The Ottoman Empire was very popular in the arts. A popular type of painting was under the Ottoman calligraphy. The Diwani script is an Arabic-form in cursive, distinctive Ottoman type.

· In the Ottoman Empire, the carpet weaving was very unique. Carpets were also of great significance as accessories, holy signs, and a functional dimension, because one's shoes were common in the living area to be discarded. (Cultural and art in the ottoman empire, 2018)

· The Ottoman Empire made very impressive jewels with gold and silversmiths. This was generally presented as a donation, the form of savings. It was really distinctive style of Ottoman music. The vocal accompaniment was mainly acoustic.

· In Ottoman society, dancing was also very significant. They dance in many different states and integrated folkloric dancing practices. Females were usually bellies, known as Cengiz, and men were more like circus performers, known as Kocek.

· The people were also interested in Turkish wrestling's old culture. The Ottoman Empire's cuisine was exquisite and a thorough blend of many cultures.

· In their food, rice was the staple. The culture of the Ottoman Empire was extremely complex and incorporated many aspects of the civilizations surrounding it.

IV. Sex and gender roles

· There was a little gap in the Ottoman Empire. Any less affluent people couldn't bear more than one wife who typically lived as a group of families – parents, married partners, children, and probably other people dependent on them like childbearing and, in some situations, family servants. It could not have been a harem and more than one woman, with restricted money, and slavery among the Ottomans in any case. (Women in Ottoman society, 2012)

· The real sultan and the women and daughters of the sultan were given property to which they also devoted themselves to charitable causes. They received wealth and profits.

V. Acculturation

· The Jewish community was still a minority. Their research was also greatly influenced by external factors, including the more predominant denominations (Christendom) and minority status. The rules banning any famous decoration are part of the main influence of Jewish sacred sculpture. But the manner in which such items are painted or made was not forbidden under those laws (Halakah).

VI. Conclusion

· The Ottoman Empire was the biggest kingdom in existence, not just because of its society, its faith but also because of its mathematics education. The rising of the Ottoman Empire brings this empire to its peak, but their economic and military success and development stopped due to the Ottoman dictator for one week and the Ottoman government.

References Britannica. (2019). Ottoman Empire. Historical empire, Eurasia, and Africa. https://www.britannica.com/place/Ottoman-Empire/Osman-and-Orhan Culture and art in the ottoman empire. (2018). Facts and details: http://factsanddetails.com/asian/cat65/sub424/entry-5259.html Women in Ottoman society. (2012). Hurriyet daily news: https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/women-in-ottoman-society--15651 Turkey, A. A. (2019). The Ottoman Empire. All about turkey: http://www.allaboutturkey.com/ottoman.htm