Unit 8 Final Project

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1/9/2021 Originality Report

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SafeAssign Originality Report BIO 1302-17C-FA21L-S1, Ecology and the Environment • Unit VIII Final Project

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HUMAN IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT Zach King. .. Columbia Southern University. .. .01/02/2021.

INTRODUUCTION

Humans are arguably the main contaminants of the environment. Approximately 95% of their activities interfere with the environment in one way or the other both directly and indirectly. The use of plastic products is a good example. In this project, we explore the impact of plastics on the environment.

OVERVIEW

The environment is part of our lives, and we as humans need to take care of it. Products that humans create pollute and destroy the environment. Plastic

products have been around for decades and do not decompose when disposed of that harm the environment. Humans cannot survive without plastics

Importance of Recycling

There are a lot of risk factors that affect air and water that result in injuries or a disease. In this presentation we will identify ways plastic is beneficial for humans but also can be dangerous. We will also go over ways on how to reduce the risk factors Environmental issues are harmful in every aspect of human activity.

There are a lot of pros and cons of plastic if they are not disposed of properly can cause environmental issues. The Current rate of increase in global use of polyethylene and plastic products is approximately 12% per annum, and this continues to rise. (Esan, 2019). Humans cannot survive without plastics: Medical

tools such as IV Fluids and Donor Blood all come from the ability to use plastic. Importance of Recycling: Ask the class for some examples on the importance of

recycling and the benefits it will provide. (Examples: reusable shopping bags, reusable water bottles) 3

OVERVIEW OF PLASTICS

Plastics refer to an array of synthetic or semi-synthetic materials with polymers as their main building units. Their high plasticity makes them easy to be molded, extruded or pressed various types and forms of products of different shapes during production; hence, they highly adaptable materials for many different uses.

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https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/webapps/mdb-sa-BB5f85d6ea5857f/originalityReport?attemptId=3135bee0-a58a-4925-a2a4-77574166d858&course_id=_111629_1&includeDeleted=true&print=true&force=true

1/9/2021 Originality Report

https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/webapps/mdb-sa-BB5f85d6ea5857f/originalityReport/ultra?attemptId=3135bee0-a58a-4925-a2a4-77574166d858… 2/8

Just like wood, paper and wool, plastics are also organic materials derived from cellulose, coal, natural gas, salt and, of course, crude oil. The term ''plastic''

derives from the Greek word ''plastikos'', meaning fit for moulding. 4

THE VALUE OF PLASTICS

Humans use and rely on plastics mainly because: They are durable

They are versatile and can be made into anything. They are safe for food storage

They are easily and widely accessible and available respectively

They are highly useful and applicable

Plastics are so useful; They can be shaped, colored, and rolled into anything. Plastics are also durable because of their ability to maintain strong bonds and

structures, which can stand a lot of forces. In America, plastics are used in every sector from pen to cellphones to medical equipment. Practically, there is hardly any sector where plastic products does not exist, making it almost impossible to survive without plastics. 5

PLASTICS ARE EVERYWHERE

FACTS ABOUT PLASTICS

Plastics are among the world’s leading pollutants of the environment. Examples: bags, bottles, yokes, jugs

Estimates show that about 100,000 ocean animals are killed in a result of suffocating in a plastic bag. Plastics require oil in order to be manufactured.

Depletes oil supply and contributes to the CO2 built-up in our atmosphere. On average it takes 12 million barrels of oil to make 30 million plastic bags.

While plastics are a great innovation and highly useful, they are harmful to the environment; the land, ocean, and air. For example, more than 100,000 animals

have been killed due to plastic pollution and animals are getting caught in plastic debris that danger their lives. Moreover, plastics are also leading to the depletion of natural resources, as well as the desttruction of the atmosphere. 7

EFFECTS OF PLASTICS ON THE CLIMATE

Plastics radiate perilous greenhouse gases. On exposure to sunlight, for example, plastics emit methane and ethylene among other harmful gases. While the discharge of these gases by plastics is minimal, over time, they accumulate in the atmosphere; hence, causing climate change. When inhaled; however, these gases affect biotic factors’ lives; hence, plastic pollution is more an immediate risk to life than climate change.

The greenhouse effect is a problem that threatens to turn the earth's crust into a desert. The greenhouse effect is largely responsible for global warming (Doyle,

2019). One of the greenhouse gases that is released when plastics break down is methane. 8

THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT

The greenhouse effect occurs when gases or radiations from the earth's atmosphere warms the earth's surface to temperetures above normal ones, at which the earth would be without the gases. The gases are radiatively; hence radiates energy across all directions.

GREENHOUSE EFFECT CONSEQUENCES Consequences of the Greenhouse effect include: Floods

Desertification

Hurricanes

Migration of species

Spread of diseases and pandemics

The greenhouse effect comes along with numerous consequences. The most common one is the flooding of islands and coastal cities. Warmer temperatures are associated with the spread of some types of illnesses and pandemics, while they also lead to migration of species including birds and insects, as they escape regions with high temperetures in their attempts to survive.

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IMPACTS ON MARINE LIFE

Humans and marine organisms cannot survive without water.

Oceans are critical to the biodiversity of our world.

There are over 200,000 different types of species that live in the ocean.

Large and small marine animals get trapped or suffocate from plastic objects

If humans can change their way of life and give up at a minimum plastic bags, it would allow a significat impact on animals and the environment. We would

increase the longevity of the marine life and we would give these animals a chance of survival. They wouldn’t end up suffocating to death in a plastic bag or caught in

4 3

1/9/2021 Originality Report

https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/webapps/mdb-sa-BB5f85d6ea5857f/originalityReport/ultra?attemptId=3135bee0-a58a-4925-a2a4-77574166d858… 3/8

Source Matches (35)

Student paper 100% Student paper 66%

a yoke or even swallowing a plastic object lodging objects into their stomach or digestive system. 11

PLASTIC EFFECTS

Turtle trapped in yoke restricts shell growth. Americans waste 100 billion plastic articles each year that end up in landfills or in this picture washed up on an

ocean.

The main problem with plastics is that they hardly decompose; hence, they can only be gotten rid of through recycling of particles. When disposes off in the soil,

plastics releaae chemicals, which can seep into groundwater an with plastic, it releases harmful chemicals, which seep into groundwater to water sources and into the ecosystem; hence, threatening lives. 12

HOW TO DEAL WITH PLASTICS

Top ways of dealing with plastics include: Reducing the use of single-use plastics

Recycling

Limiting the use of single-use plastics will greatly help to adress plastic pollution. However, generally, recycling is the main way through, which contamination by plastics can be mitigated because they never go away.

IMPORTANCE OF RECYCLING

Plastics are non-biodegradable and need to be recycled

Humans need to take proper measures to help reduce the amount of landfill waste. Alternative bags: Grocery stores sell reusable grocery bags that help stop

the destruction of our eco-system. Use the 3R method, Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. It will save energy and natural resources.

A change of lifestyle is the only way people will help in managing plastic pollution. People need to practice recycling. Town and city authorities need to develop places for not only trash but also recyclables. Using the 3R method will help reduce the amount of plastics in the environment; hence, saving on energy, resources, and reducing pollution. 14

RECYCLING IN VISUALS

CONCLUSION

Human activities are arguably the main contaminants of the environment. The manufacture and use of plastics is among these activities. Plastics are nonbiodegradable and also emit harmful gases, which have hugely contributed to the greenhouse effect. Because its difficult to do away with them given their wide application, recycling plastics intensely remains the main means through, which their associated pollution can be managed.

REFERENCES

Doyle, H. (2019, April 18). What Is the Greenhouse Effect? Retrieved April 19, 2019, Retrieved from https://climatekids.nasa.gov/greenhouse-effect/ Esan, E. O.,

Abbey, Lord, & Yurgel, S. (2019). Exploring the long-term effect of plastic on compost microbiome. PLoS ONE, 14(3), 1–17. https://doi-

org.libraryresources.columbiasouthern.edu/10.1371/journal.pone.0214376

Reddy, S. (2018, September 24). Plastic Pollution Affects Sea Life Throughout the Ocean. Retrieved April 19, 2019, Retrieved from

https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research-and-analysis/articles/2018/09/24/plastic-pollution-affects-sea-life-throughout-the-ocean Rosane, O. (2019, March 22). Study Finds New Reason to Ban Plastic: It Emits Methane in the Sun. Retrieved April 19, 2019, Retrieved from https://www.ecowatch.com/plastic-waste-could-contribute-to- climate-change-2592101036.html Williams, S. (2018, August 2). Plastics Emit Greenhouse Gases as They Degrade. Retrieved April 19, 2019, Retrieved from https://www.the-scientist.com/news-opinion/plastics-emit-greenhouse-gases-as-they-degrade-64600

Student paper

Columbia Southern University.

Original source

Columbia Southern University

Student paper

In this project, we explore the impact of plastics on the environment.

Original source

The impact of plastics on the environment

1/9/2021 Originality Report

https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/webapps/mdb-sa-BB5f85d6ea5857f/originalityReport/ultra?attemptId=3135bee0-a58a-4925-a2a4-77574166d858… 4/8

Student paper 100%

Student paper

The environment is part of our lives, and we as humans need to take care of it. Products that humans create pollute and destroy the environment. Plastic products have been around for decades and do not decompose when disposed of that harm the environment. Humans cannot survive without plastics

Original source

The environment is part of our lives, and we as humans need to take care of it Products that humans create pollute and destroy the environment Plastic products have been around for decades and do not decompose when disposed of that harm the environment Humans cannot survive without plastics

Student paper

Importance of Recycling There are a lot of risk factors that affect air and water that result in injuries or a disease. In this presentation we will identify ways plastic is beneficial for humans but also can be dangerous.

Original source

Importance of Recycling There are a lot of risk factors that affect air and water that result in injuries or a disease In this presentation we will identify ways plastic is beneficial for humans but also can be dangerous

Student paper

We will also go over ways on how to reduce the risk factors Environmental issues are harmful in every aspect of human activity.

Original source

We will also go over ways on how to reduce the risk factors Environmental issues are harmful in every aspect of human activity

Student paper

Original source

There are a lot of pros and cons of plastic if they are not disposed of properly can cause environmental issues The Current rate of increase in global use of polyethylene and plastic products is approximately 12% per annum, and this continues to rise

Student paper

Humans cannot survive without plastics: Medical tools such as IV Fluids and Donor Blood all come from the ability to use plastic. Importance of Recycling:

Original source

Humans cannot survive without plastics Medical tools such as IV Fluids and Donor Blood all come from the ability to use plastic Importance of Recycling

Student paper

Ask the class for some examples on the importance of recycling and the benefits it will provide.

Original source

Ask the class for some examples on the importance of recycling and the benefits it will provide

Student paper

reusable shopping bags, reusable water bottles) 3

Original source

reusable shopping bags, reusable water bottles) 3

1/9/2021 Originality Report

https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/webapps/mdb-sa-BB5f85d6ea5857f/originalityReport/ultra?attemptId=3135bee0-a58a-4925-a2a4-77574166d858… 5/8

Student paper 80%

mdisrailandsons 74%

Student paper 89%

Student paper 79%

Student paper 100%

Student paper 78%

Student paper 100%

Student paper 88%

Student paper 100%

Student paper 63%

Student paper

Just like wood, paper and wool, plastics are also organic materials derived from cellulose, coal, natural gas, salt and, of course, crude oil.

Original source

The plastics are derived from natural, organic materials such as cellulose, coal, natural gas, salt and, of course, crude oil

Student paper

derives from the Greek word ''plastikos'', meaning fit for moulding.

Original source

The term plastic is derived from the Greek word ''plastikos'', meaning fit for moulding

Student paper

They are versatile and can be made into anything.

Original source

Versatile and can be made into anything

Student paper

They can be shaped, colored, and rolled into anything.

Original source

it can be shaped, colored, and rolled into anything you can think of

Student paper

PLASTICS ARE EVERYWHERE

Original source

Plastics are Everywhere

Student paper

FACTS ABOUT PLASTICS

Original source

The facts in Plastics

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bags, bottles, yokes, jugs

Original source

bags, bottles, yokes, jugs

Student paper

Estimates show that about 100,000 ocean animals are killed in a result of suffocating in a plastic bag.

Original source

100,000 ocean animals are killed in a result of suffocating in a plastic bag

Student paper

Plastics require oil in order to be manufactured. Depletes oil supply and contributes to the CO2 built-up in our atmosphere. On average it takes 12 million barrels of oil to make 30 million plastic bags.

Original source

Plastics require oil in order to be manufactured Depletes oil supply and contributes to the CO2 built-up in our atmosphere On average it takes 12 million barrels of oil to make 30 million plastic bags

Student paper

For example, more than 100,000 animals have been killed due to plastic pollution and animals are getting caught in plastic debris that danger their lives.

Original source

animals are getting caught in plastic debris that danger their lives

1/9/2021 Originality Report

https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/webapps/mdb-sa-BB5f85d6ea5857f/originalityReport/ultra?attemptId=3135bee0-a58a-4925-a2a4-77574166d858… 6/8

Student paper 100%

Student paper

The greenhouse effect is a problem that threatens to turn the earth's crust into a desert.

Original source

The greenhouse effect is a problem that threatens to turn the earth's crust into a desert

Student paper

One of the greenhouse gases that is released when plastics break down is methane.

Original source

One of the greenhouse gases that is released when plastics break down is methane

Student paper

THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT

Original source

The Greenhouse Effect

Student paper

IMPACTS ON MARINE LIFE Humans and marine organisms cannot survive without water. Oceans are critical to the biodiversity of our world. There are over 200,000 different types of species that live in the ocean.

Original source

Impacts On Marine Life Humans and marine organisms cannot survive without water Oceans are critical to the biodiversity of our world There are over 200,000 different types of species that live in the ocean

Student paper

Large and small marine animals get trapped or suffocate from plastic objects

Original source

Large and small marine animals get trapped or suffocate from plastic objects

Student paper

If humans can change their way of life and give up at a minimum plastic bags, it would allow a significat impact on animals and the environment.

Original source

If humans can change their way of life and give up at a minimum plastic bags, it would allow a significat impact on animals and the environment

Student paper

We would increase the longevity of the marine life and we would give these animals a chance of survival. They wouldn’t end up suffocating to death in a plastic bag or caught in a yoke or even swallowing a plastic object lodging objects into their stomach or digestive system.

Original source

We would increase the longevity of the marine life and we would give these animals a chance of survival They wouldn’t end up suffocating to death in a plastic bag or caught in a yoke or even swallowing a plastic object lodging objects into their stomach or digestive system

Student paper

Turtle trapped in yoke restricts shell growth. Americans waste 100 billion plastic articles each year that end up in landfills or in this picture washed up on an ocean.

Original source

Turtle trapped in yoke restricts shell growth Americans waste 100 billion plastic articles each year that end up in landfills or in this picture washed up on an ocean

1/9/2021 Originality Report

https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/webapps/mdb-sa-BB5f85d6ea5857f/originalityReport/ultra?attemptId=3135bee0-a58a-4925-a2a4-77574166d858… 7/8

Student paper 63%

Student paper 100%

Student paper

When disposes off in the soil, plastics releaae chemicals, which can seep into groundwater an with plastic, it releases harmful chemicals, which seep into groundwater to water sources and into the ecosystem;

Original source

When soil is polluted with plastic, it releases a chemical that can seep into groundwater and be harmful for near by water sources and the ecosystem

Student paper

IMPORTANCE OF RECYCLING Plastics are non-biodegradable and need to be recycled Humans need to take proper measures to help reduce the amount of landfill waste.

Original source

Importance of Recycling Plastics are non biodegradable and need to be recycled Humans need to take proper measures to help reduce the amount of landfill waste

Student paper

Grocery stores sell reusable grocery bags that help stop the destruction of our eco- system. Use the 3R method, Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. It will save energy and natural resources.

Original source

Grocery stores sell reusable grocery bags that help stop the destruction of our eco- system Use the 3R method, Reduce, Reuse and Recycle It will save energy and natural resources

Student paper

(2019, April 18). What Is the Greenhouse Effect? Retrieved April 19, 2019, Retrieved from https://climatekids.nasa.gov/greenhouse- effect/ Esan, E. O., Abbey, Lord, & Yurgel, S.

Original source

(2019, April 18) What Is the Greenhouse Effect Retrieved April 19, 2019, Retrieved from https://climatekids.nasa.gov/greenhouse- effect/ Esan, E O., Abbey, Lord, & Yurgel, S

Student paper

Exploring the long-term effect of plastic on compost microbiome. PLoS ONE, 14(3), 1–17. https://doi- org.libraryresources.columbiasouthern.e du/10.1371/journal.pone.0214376

Original source

Exploring the long-term effect of plastic on compost microbiome PLoS ONE, 14(3), 1–17 https://doi- org.libraryresources.columbiasouthern.e du/10.1371/journal.pone.0214376

Student paper

(2018, September 24). Plastic Pollution Affects Sea Life Throughout the Ocean. Retrieved April 19, 2019, Retrieved from https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research- and-analysis/articles/2018/09/24/plastic- pollution-affects-sea-life-throughout-the- ocean Rosane, O. (2019, March 22).

Original source

(2018, September 24) Plastic Pollution Affects Sea Life Throughout the Ocean Retrieved April 19, 2019, Retrieved from https://www.pewtrusts.org/en/research- and-analysis/articles/2018/09/24/plastic- pollution-affects-sea-life-throughout-the- ocean Rosane, O (2019, March 22)

1/9/2021 Originality Report

https://online.columbiasouthern.edu/webapps/mdb-sa-BB5f85d6ea5857f/originalityReport/ultra?attemptId=3135bee0-a58a-4925-a2a4-77574166d858… 8/8

Student paper 100%

Student paper

Study Finds New Reason to Ban Plastic: It Emits Methane in the Sun. Retrieved April 19, 2019, Retrieved from https://www.ecowatch.com/plastic- waste-could-contribute-to-climate- change-2592101036.html Williams, S. (2018, August 2).

Original source

Study Finds New Reason to Ban Plastic It Emits Methane in the Sun Retrieved April 19, 2019, Retrieved from https://www.ecowatch.com/plastic- waste-could-contribute-to-climate- change-2592101036.html Williams, S (2018, August 2)

Student paper

Plastics Emit Greenhouse Gases as They Degrade. Retrieved April 19, 2019, Retrieved from https://www.the- scientist.com/news-opinion/plastics- emit-greenhouse-gases-as-they-degrade- 64600

Original source

Plastics Emit Greenhouse Gases as They Degrade Retrieved April 19, 2019, Retrieved from https://www.the- scientist.com/news-opinion/plastics- emit-greenhouse-gases-as-they-degrade- 64600