urgent
Organizational Case Study
General Electric
By: Lenieve, Jasmine, Shunsheng, Yiming, Shion
Business Policy and Strategy Management – MG 441
Professor M. Bejtlich
June 26, 2020
Table of Contents General Electric SWOT 3 Mission Statement 13 b. Reduce labor costs with part-time workers 14
General Electric SWOT
Strengths
1. Successful track record of developing new products – product innovation.
2. Reliable suppliers – It has a strong base of reliable supplier of raw material thus enabling the company to overcome any supply chain bottlenecks.
3. Automation of activities brought consistency of quality to General Electric products and has enabled the company to scale up and scale down based on the demand conditions in the market.
4. Successful track record of integrating complimentary firms through mergers & acquisition. It has successfully integrated number of technology companies in the past few years to streamline its operations and to build a reliable supply chain.
5. Strong Brand Portfolio
6. Strong dealer community – It has built a culture among distributor & dealers where the dealers not only promote company’s products but also invest in training the sales team to explain to the customer how he/she can extract the maximum benefits out of the products.
7. Highly successful at Go To Market strategies for its products.
8. High level of customer satisfaction – the company with its dedicated customer relationship management department has able to achieve a high level of customer satisfaction among present customers and good brand equity among the potential customers
9. It is hailed as one of the most innovative, green and best places to work
10. Operates in more than 160 countries
11. Well balanced revenue stream among different sectors and hence reduced business risk
12. Extensive R&D capabilities with a strong workforce of over 300,000 people worldwide
13. Product Diversity - Aviation, consumer electronics, motors, energy, finance, gas, healthcare, lighting, oil, software etc form a part of its diversified product portfolio.
14. Global Recognition: by the Forbes magazine it was marked one of the largest corporations in the world and in the year 2011 it gained the position of 68th largest companies in the United States. These gave GE the global recognition, which helped to gain competitive advantage.15
15. Historical Background: as one of the oldest companies of the United States, it gained strong reputations.
Weakness
1. Limited success outside core business – even though General Electric is one of the leading organizations in its industry it has faced challenges in moving to other product segments with its present culture.
2. Cash flow problems: there's a scarcity of proper financial planning at General Electric regarding cash flows, resulting in certain circumstances where there isn’t enough income as needed resulting in unnecessary unplanned borrowing.
3. There are gaps in the product range sold by the company. This lack of choice can give a new competitor a foothold in the market.
4. Organization structure is only compatible with existing business models thus limiting expansion in adjacent product segments.
5. High attrition rate in the workforce – compared to other organizations in the industry General Electric has a higher attrition rate and has to spend a lot more compared to its competitors on training and development of its employees.
6. Need more investment in new technologies. Given the scale of expansion and different geographies the company is planning to expand into, General Electric needs to put more money in technology to integrate the processes across the board. Right now, the investment in technologies is not at par with the vision of the company
7. Dependence on third parties for raw materials can be a concern
8. Being a strong brand, easily targeted for litigation for even minor issues which otherwise can be easily resolved
9. Large and diverse businesses might overstretch the company and reduce reaction time to shift in target markets
10. Weak performance in Asian markets influences the conglomerate’s overall global performance. Mainly due to GE’s management approach that traditionally focuses on the biggest markets, such as the United States.
11. Breaching Accounting Rules: in the year of 2009, it breached accounting rules. As a result, GE gained a negative reputation.
12. A high amount of borrowed funds: GE has a significant amount of debt level, which affects the company’s operations.
13. Diversification within the workforce: The workforce at General Electric is concentrated with mostly local workers, and low amounts of workers from other racial backgrounds. Lack of diversification makes it difficult for workers from different racial backgrounds to regulate at the workplace, resulting in loss of talent.
14. Has failed in marketing, specifically unique selling proportions and positioning which are not defined clearly.
15. Numerous levels of reporting in its organizational structure.
Opportunities
1. Organization’s core competencies can be a success in similar other products field. A comparative example could be - GE healthcare research helped it in developing better Oil drilling machines.
2. Government green drive also opens an opportunity for procurement of General Electric products by the state as well as federal government contractors.
3. Opening up of new markets because of government agreement – the adoption of new technology standard and government free trade agreement has provided General Electric an opportunity to enter a new emerging market.
4. The new technology provides an opportunity to General Electric to practices differentiated pricing strategy in the new market. It will enable the firm to maintain its loyal customers with great service and lure new customers through other value oriented propositions.
5. New trends in the consumer behavior can open up new market for the General Electric . It provides a great opportunity for the organization to build new revenue streams and diversify into new product categories too.
6. New customers from online channel – Over the past few years the company has invested vast sum of money into the online platform. This investment has opened new sales channel for General Electric. In the next few years the company can leverage this opportunity by knowing its customer better and serving their needs using big data analytics.
7. Decreasing cost of transportation because of lower shipping prices can also bring down the cost of General Electric’s products thus providing an opportunity to the company - either to boost its profitability or pass on the benefits to the customers to gain market share.
8. Stable free cash flow provides opportunities to invest in adjacent product segments. With more cash in bank the company can invest in new technologies as well as in new products segments. This should open a window of opportunity for General Electric in other product categories
9. Global acquisitions and buyouts to strengthen existing businesses
10. Growing demand for commercial airplanes
11. New pipeline of contracts to boost top line growth
12. Emerging economies give a huge scope provided the infrastructure required to build complete cities
13. Strong outlook for GE Capital in the US: With US business improving and credit cards market growing. GE Capital has a positive outlook in the US. The demand for GE capital products can grow and can strengthen the top-line.
14. Growth in the renewable energy market is an opportunity for the company to grow by expanding its Renewable Energy operating segment.
15. Growth in developing markets corresponds to potential increases in the company’s revenues.
Threats
1. New technologies developed by the competitor or market disruptor could be a serious threat to the industry in medium to long term future.
2. Rising pay level especially movements such as $15 an hour and increasing prices in the China can lead to serious pressure on profitability of General Electric
3. No regular supply of innovative products – Over the years the company has developed numerous products but those are often response to the development by other players. Secondly the supply of new products is not regular thus leading to high and low swings in the sales number over period of time.
4. The demand of the highly profitable products is seasonal in nature and any unlikely event during the peak season may impact the profitability of the company in short to medium term.
5. Intense competition – Stable profitability has increased the number of players in the industry over last two years which has put downward pressure on not only profitability but also on overall sales.
6. Liability laws in different countries are different and General Electric may be exposed to various liability claims
7. products but those are often response to the development by other players. Secondly the supply of new products is not regular thus leading to high and low swings in the sales number over period of time.
8. The demand of the highly profitable products is seasonal in nature and any unlikely event during the peak season may impact the profitability of the company in short to medium term.
9. Intense competition – Stable profitability has increased the number of players in the industry over last two years which has put downward pressure on not only profitability but also on overall sales.
10. Liability laws in different countries are different and General Electric may be exposed to various liability claims given change in policies in those markets.
11. As the company is operating in numerous countries it is exposed to currency fluctuations especially given the volatile political climate in number of markets across the world.
12. Increasing trend toward isolationism in the American economy can lead to similar reaction from other government thus negatively impacting the international sales.
13. As the company is operating in numerous countries it is exposed to currency fluctuations especially given the volatile political climate in number of markets across the world.
14. Strict government policies and environmental regulatory norms can affect operations
15. Since it is a powerful global brand, economic and political risks
Non-Swot Factors
1. Oil and Gas segment is a major revenue generator for the business.
2. Asian markets are a potential pitfall for any company in this industry. Competition, labor, and consumers are different from the West.
3. GE is ranked 21 among the Fortune 500 companies in the United States in terms of gross revenue.
4. The company stock was steadily climbing all through 2019 to 2020 until the coronavirus.
5. The company’s capital financial segment almost toppled GE during the Great Recession.
6. One of the lowest moments during the recession was when the company’s stock fell by 42 percent in a year.
7. Company was once majority owners of NBC Universal.
8. The GE conglomerate consists of eight subsidiaries in different industries.
9. The company's founder, Thomas Edison, electrocuted animals to help generate more sales of his brand of electricity.
10. One of original 12 companies to debut on the Dow Jones back on May 26, 1896.
Mission Statement
General Electric (GE) Company’s mission statement is “building a world that works.” GE is moving the world forward by tackling big challenges and bringing real progress globally. GE has been operating for more than 125 years inventing the future in a vast and valuable line of products and services that includes aviation, power, healthcare, renewable energy, and financial services. As a global company each division has their own mission towards building a world that works. The mission of the power division is “powering lives and making electricity more affordable, reliable, accessible, and more sustainable.” Renewable Energy is “making renewable power sources more affordable, reliable, and accessible for the benefit of people everywhere.” Aviation is “providing customers with engines, components, avionics and systems for commercial, military and business & general aviation aircraft and a global service network to support these offerings.” Healthcare is “Operating at the center of an ecosystem working toward precision health – digitizing healthcare, helping drive productivity and improving outcomes across the health system.” And Capital is “designing and delivering innovative financial solutions for GE Industrial customers in markets around the world.” As a pioneering leader, GE continues to be at the forefront of transforming its portfolio of business in the new technological era. With a local presence in over 180 countries, GE has built a strong brand and deep customer relationships. Our diverse and dedicated partners that include local talent and supply chains are armed with the critical infrastructure they need to generate sustainable growth and development as the company progresses globally.
https://www.ge.com/sites/default/files/GE_AR19_AnnualReport.pdf
Problem
How can General Electric improve their financial position with their high outstanding debt?
Alternative Solutions
1. Selling Assets like BioPharma and Baker Hughes to generate an immediate cash flow.
2. Growing their healthcare company by expanding on their existing medical technology.
3. Reduction of expenses by hiring temporary and part time employees and assessing each area or their business for cheaper or better alternatives.
4. Focus on their Power business that will drive long term transformation and profit.
5. Recover outstanding debts.
Criterion Chart
|
Criteria scored from 1-5, corresponding with desirability |
|||||||||
|
Solution |
Feasibility |
Effectiveness |
Efficiency |
Profitability |
Cost |
Risk |
Timeliness |
Ethics |
Total |
|
1 |
4 |
5 |
4 |
4 |
1 |
5 |
2 |
3 |
28 |
|
2 |
3 |
4 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
21 |
|
3 |
4 |
4 |
3 |
5 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
24 |
|
4 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
22 |
|
5 |
4 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
3 |
4 |
1 |
4 |
25 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Legend 1 = Very Undesirable, 2- Undesirable, 3 = Neutral, 4 = Desirable, 5 = Very Desirable |
this growth to
Best Solutions
Solution # 2
|
Solution |
Feasibility |
Effectiveness |
Efficiency |
Profitability |
Cost |
Risk |
Timeliness |
Ethics |
Total |
|
2 |
3 |
4 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
21 |
Growing healthcare for General Electric scored the lowest on the criterion chart because their financial growth was not enough to put a large dent in the company’s debt. GE healthcare is a leading company that provides medical technology and digital solutions globally that allows clinicians to make faster decisions through intelligent decisions, data analytics and services and applications powered by their Edison intelligence platform. One of the biggest threats that this sector faced recently was a cybersecurity threat that could introduce risks to patients while they are being monitored by the telemetry servers and clinical information central stations. This type of threat can scare investors and potential buyers away from GE healthcare. Even with this scare, they closed out 2019 with a profitable growth and they are looking to expand healthcare to include making medical equipment such as respirators. Since this scare GE took great steps to increase their cyber security even though they were never a victim of an attack. They are also looking to expand on their current system “toward precision health, digitizing healthcare, helping drive productivity and improve outcomes for patients, providers, health systems and researchers around the world.”
Solution # 4
|
Solution |
Feasibility |
Effectiveness |
Efficiency |
Profitability |
Cost |
Risk |
Timeliness |
Ethics |
Total |
|
4 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
22 |
GE’s Gas Power and Power Portfolio business have been linked closely for more than a century. The reason this alternative solution is their fourth best option is because they are not profitable together due to the risk and cost required for operations. By separating both companies, this will improve visibility and accountability and allow them to focus on select projects that will bring profitability. According to their last annual report, “in Gas Power, the team reduced fixed costs by 10 percent and narrowed the perimeter of projects it goes after, setting evaluation standards across price, terms, and scope.”
The reason why feasibility, effectiveness and efficiency were given a 3 is due to the fact that “Gas Power also booked 13.6 gigawatts in gas turbine orders during the year, including its 100th HA turbine order, and launched its new 7HA.03, now the world’s largest and most efficient gas turbine. Power Portfolio, which includes Steam, Power Conversion, and GE Hitachi Nuclear, also improved its commercial discipline and cost structure, applying more rigorous daily management both in our operations and at our job sites.” These types of changes will bring profitability, but the high cost and risk will significantly impact how much goes towards reducing their debt.
Solution # 3
|
Solution |
Feasibility |
Effectiveness |
Efficiency |
Profitability |
Cost |
Risk |
Timeliness |
Ethics |
Total |
|
3 |
4 |
4 |
3 |
5 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
24 |
This solution has a neutral ranking criterion compared with the others, but it has the highest profitability scores in all of the solutions. As we know, GE has a very tight financial budget each year, but they know it’s very feasible and effective to reduce their expenses. Selling assets and hiring part time/temporary employees to work for the company can reduce expenses and get cash flow instantly in the short term for the company. For example, hiring part time or temporary employees reduces the company’s overall cost since they do not have to worry about paying for additional benefits. The value in this is that you keep cost low but gain the necessary skills that is needed to complete the job.
Another solution to reducing their expenses and increasing cash flow can be done through an assessment of every area of its business and find cheaper alternatives for services, supplies, and equipment. They can also renegotiate and find better insurance policies and banking terms. Additionally, GE’s larger expenses can be deferred or rearranged periodically in order to avail more cash in the company. This solution is considered in neutral raking because these solutions are things the company can do right away to improve their financial position.
Solution #5
|
Solution |
Feasibility |
Effectiveness |
Efficiency |
Profitability |
Cost |
Risk |
Timeliness |
Ethics |
Total |
|
5 |
4 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
3 |
4 |
1 |
4 |
25 |
Our second-best solution scored 25 because although GE has a considerable amount of debt, recovery remains plausible. GE still has some viable options they could consider utilizing to strategically launch a plan to recoup some of its outstanding debts effectively. GE is a well-known company that has an advantage over its competitors Siemens and Hitachi. To improve its debt ratio within the next several years, GE should apply the $33 billion proceeds from the impending asset sales to pay down $5.4 billion in debt and obligations and transfer about $21 billion in cash to leverage GE Capital heavily. GE's decision to make progressive efforts towards reducing its bloated debt load and increasing their profitability. If GE sustains the intention of its pledge of not adding any new debt through 2021, they would undoubtedly reduce their deficit significantly.
Solution # 1
|
Solution |
Feasibility |
Effectiveness |
Efficiency |
Profitability |
Cost |
Risk |
Timeliness |
Ethics |
Total |
|
1 |
4 |
5 |
4 |
4 |
1 |
5 |
2 |
3 |
28 |
This solution is the best alternative that GE should execute to gain a substantial cash flow that would immediately improve their financial position. The first move is to close on the sale of BioPharma which is a part of their healthcare company. Using the proceeds from this sale GE can repay $6 billion to GE Capital. This will also help GE Capital reduce its external debt including $16 billion that matures in 2020. Another sale that would bring in additional cash flow is the sale of their 37-percent stake in Baker Hughes. This cash would further their industrial leverage including pre-funding of their U.S. pension and repaying some loans from GE Capital.
This solution scored the highest because the proceeds from these sale will accelerate their debt reduction and improve their financial position.
Implementation
8. FEEDBACK:
To ensure that the problem of poor financial position and high outstanding debt has been solved, feedback will be obtainedfrom GE’s finance and legal departments. The company’s ChiefFinance Officer (CFO) will provide information highlightingwhether the proposed sale of BioPharma and GE’s 37% stake in Baker Hughes has been actualized. Moreover, the CFO will supply data detailing the amount of money obtained from these transactions. The CFO will also provide information outlining whether GE has used these monies to: repay the $6 billion owed to GE Capital, and to prefund the company’s US pension. GE’s Chief Legal Officer will likewise supply information detailingwhether all relevant laws were duly adhered to in carrying out the aforementioned finance-related activities.
The CFO and the CLO will supply the identified feedback inform of formal reports with any relevant documents attached. These reports will explain how the proposed solution has been implemented and highlight any challenges encountered. Further,the reports will describe the financial position of GE after the implementation of the proposal. Pertinent transaction receiptswill be attached to the reports.
Such feedback is important because it would clarify whether, in its quest to improve its financial position, GE has identified and addressed all attendant risks effectively. Hazards are crucial in that failure to effectively address them appropriately wouldexpose GE to new or exacerbated problems, thereby undermining the firm’s recovery initiative. The feedback would thereby confirm that the company has improved its financial position in a sustainable manner.
In case the feedback received shows that GE’s financial problemhas not been solved, steps will be taken to determine the cause for this failure and implement the necessary remedial measures. The company’s CFO and CLO will be engaged in finding out why the solution has not achieved the desired results. In other words, the officers will point out challenges that prevented the success of the solution. These officers will then be asked to suggest ways of addressing the identified challenges. After thechallenges are addressed using the proposed strategies, the officers will recommend the best method for solving GE’s financial problem. This method will be then be implemented.