NUR 590 Evidence Based Project Proposal Evaluation Plan

Nursing Care Plan for Pain with Diagnosis and Nursing

Intervention

Nursing Care Plan for Pain with Diagnosis and Nursing Intervention

Pain classifications Acute pain:

Mild to severe pain lasting less than six months; associated with a sympathetic nervous system

response; resulting in increased pulse rate and volume, increased respiratory rate and depth,

increased blood pressure, and increased glucose levels; decreased urine production and

peristalsis.

The protective function of acute pain is to alert the patient of injury or infection. The onset of

sudden severe pain prompts the patient to seek solace. The physiological manifestations of acute

pain result from the body's tension response to the pain. Acute pain may be exacerbated by the

patient's cultural context, emotions, and psychological or spiritual distress. The assessment of

pain can be challenging, particularly in elderly patients with cognitive impairment and sensory

perception deficits.

Chronic ache:

Mild to severe pain lasting longer than six months; associated with the parasympathetic nervous

system; the patient may not exhibit acute pain-related signs and symptoms. may result in

despondency and diminished function

Terms for suffering

Pain threshold is the minimum quantity of stimulus required to produce a painful sensation.

The maximum quantity of pain that a patient is willing or able to tolerate.

Pain felt in a location other than the origin of a tissue injury

Pain that cannot be relieved by conventional treatments is untreatable.

Neuropathic pain: agony caused by a neurological disorder and unrelated to tissue damage

Phantom pain: pain felt in an absent body part Radiating pain: pain felt at the source that spreads

to other locations.

[caption id="attachment_15455" align="alignright" width="345"] Nursing Care Plan and

Nursing Intervention[/caption]

Plan of nursing care for pain that includes intervention and pain

Affiliated with suffering

medical concerns

Diagnostic techniques and medical care

emotionally and mentally traumatic

Aspirational Cultural distress.

Desired Results

On a scale from 0 to 10, the patient reports adequate

pain control with a score of less than 3 to 4.

The patient is capable of utilizing both

pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic pain relief

strategies.

Patient feels more at ease, as demonstrated by a

regulated pulse, blood pressure, respiration, and calm

muscle tension and posture.

May be exemplified by.

Protective behavior, body protection, egocentric,

narrowed focus

Relief or diversion methods

Pain masking the face

Consideration of muscular tone

Nursing care plan for pain with intervention and rationale

Nursing intervention Rationale

Assessment of pain characteristics. ex.

Quality, severity, location, onset, duration,

precipitating and relieving factors

Assessment of the pain experience is the first step in

planning pain management strategies. The patient is

the most reliable source of information about his or

her pain.

Screening for signs and symptoms related

to pain.

Some people deny the sensation of pain even though

it is present. Paying attention to signs associated

with pain can help the nurse assess pain.

A patient with acute pain may have elevated blood

pressure, heart rate, temperature, be agitated, and

have difficulty concentrating.

For scientific findings and symptoms

associated with chronic pain, such as

fatigue, decreased appetite, weight loss,

change in posture, disruption of sleep

patterns, anxiety, agitation, or depression.

Patients with chronic pain may not exhibit the

physical changes and behaviors associated with

acute pain. Pulse and blood pressure are usually

within the normal range.

Evaluate the patient’s response to pain and

pain management strategies.

It is important to assist the patient in presenting the

effect of pain-relieving measures as factually as

possible. Discrepancies between the patient’s

behavior or demeanor and what he or she says about

pain relief.

Assess patient’s expectations for pain

relief.

Some patients are satisfied with pain relief, while

others expect complete elimination of pain, which

affects their perception of the effectiveness of the

treatment method and their willingness to participate

in further treatment.

Anticipate the need for pain relief.

The most effective way to address pain is to prevent

it. Early intervention can reduce the total amount of

analgesics needed.

Eliminate additional stressors or

discomfort whenever possible.

Patients may experience exaggeration of pain or

diminished ability to tolerate painful stimuli if they

experience additional stress from environmental,

intrapersonal, or intrapsychic factors.

Provide rest periods to promote comfort,

sleep, and relaxation.

The patient’s perception of pain may be exaggerated

by fatigue. In a cycle, pain can lead to fatigue, which

in turn can lead to exaggerated pain and fatigue. A

quiet environment, a darkened room, and a phone

turned off are measures that facilitate recovery.

Determine the appropriate method for pain

relief.

Unless contraindicated, all patients with acute pain

should receive a nonopioid analgesic around the

clock.

Hot or cold compress

Heat reduces pain by improving blood flow to the

area and reducing pain reflexes. Cold reduces pain,

inflammation, and spastic massage by decreasing the

release of pain-inducing chemicals and slowing the

transmission of pain impulses.

Massage of the painful area

Increases endorphin levels and decreases tissue

edema. This intervention may require another person

to perform the massage.

Administer analgesics as ordered by a

physician, evaluate their effectiveness,

and observe signs and symptoms of side

effects.

Analgesics are absorbed and metabolized differently

by patients, so their effectiveness must be assessed

by the patient individually. Analgesics usually have

side effects that range from mild to life-threatening.

Notify the physician if interventions are

unsuccessful or if current symptoms

represent a marked change from the

patient’s previous pain experience.

Patients who request pain medications at shorter

intervals than prescribed may actually require a

higher dose or stronger analgesics.

Anticipatory education about the causes of

pain and appropriate measures for

prevention and relief.

Knowing what to expect can help patients develop

effective coping strategies for pain management.

Patients need to learn the importance of reporting

pain early to achieve more effective pain relief.

The patient should learn how to

effectively discontinue the medication

Patients must learn to use pain relief strategies to

minimize the pain experience.

dose in relation to potentially unpleasant

activities and avoidance of pain spikes.

Assist the patient and family in identifying

lifestyle changes that can contribute to

effective pain management. Guide the

patient to plan activities during the times

when pain is at its greatest relief.

Changes in work routine, household responsibilities,

and home environment may be necessary to promote

more effective pain management. Ongoing support

and guidance for the patient and family will increase

the success of these strategies.