Discussion 2- 1 -reply

Full Citation for Selected Article:

1. Study uses a quantitative design, not the following designs or publication types:

· Qualitative focuses on why or how a phenomenon occurs.

· Mixed-Method uses both qualitative and quantitative research.

· Clinical Guideline helps guide the practitioner and patient with deciding on what to do in certain clinical circumstances.

· Systematic Review is a combination of randomly chosen trials that used the same intervention for the same condition.

· Meta-analysis gathers independent studies together to form an analysis that ultimately ends with a conclusion.

· Meta-synthesis gathers several different sources that provide their knowledgeable ideas which is often utilized in EBP.

· Meta-aggregate tries to gather information from qualitative studies.

· Systematic Review of Literature gathers a randomized amount of trials of the same intervention to analyze all of them together rather than individually to have a better idea of the results.

· Dissertation or Thesis is a large written study that is based on an independent study.

· Define “quantitative” and the other designs or publication types listed. Did you select a published article where the researcher(s) used a quantitative design? How do you know?

Quantitative research is primarily done through objective studies, observations, and measurements. This objective perspective is most interested in correlation and causation. Often, nurses are interested in evidence-based practice (EBP) articles because it shows the studies that were observed and the causes after implementation. Therefore, the nurses can see the cause and effects of implementations that could improve health outcomes for the patients but also improve the workflow for nurses. The studies can range from helping the patients to helping the healthcare team run more smoothly by utilizing quantitative research designs. Yes, my article used a quantitative design. The author was a nurse and displayed the research with data that was gathered via observation.

2. Peer-reviewed, primary research article

· What does “primary” mean? What does “secondary” mean? What are examples of non-research publications? How do you know if something is “peer-reviewed”? Why do we care if it is peer-reviewed?

Primary research is done when the author of the journal has done the research themselves and analyzed it. The author displays their entire research in the article and had the firsthand experience with gathering the information. Secondary research is when someone else reports and analyzes data that was collected by someone else. Non-research publications are typically rooted in things that cannot be backed up by sources. This is often found in opinionated magazines, articles, and other written work. The beginning of the article states whether or not the article is peer-reviewed. This type of article or journal is very important because it holds other people accountable in the same field as the author and also increases the credibility of the author publishing the work.

3. Published within the last 5 years (2015-2020)

· When was your selected article published? Why do we care about publication date? Are there instances where older publications are appropriate and acceptable for us to use? Why or why not?

The publication date is important for finding relevant material. 30 years ago is most likely outdated information and is therefore inaccurate. Recent data will provide more accurate information that will enhance evidence-based practice implementations. On the other hand, we can learn from history. Utilizing older material can help us understand what did not work in the past and what changed that enhanced the outcomes.

4. First author is a registered nurse and study is published in a nursing journal

· How do you know if the selected article comes from a nursing journal?

It is published by nurses, or the publisher explains their background in nursing. Typically, these titles are stated in the authors name at the beginning of the article or journal.

5. Includes a sample that uses human subjects

· What is a “sample”? Is this the same as “population”? If a study did not use human subjects, what are the alternatives?

A sample is a selected amount of people that are evaluated in a study. These are often found with studies that want to evaluate patients outcomes and see if certain interventions improved or worsened the patients outcome. The healthcare world revolves around humans so there are not many other alternatives that would be evaluated in depth.