Writing assignment Urban Cities

Comments on new draft.

Intro anything regarding its History and Background. Information such as what are Community Gardens. In general, what it is, trends?

Literature has nothing to do with history, only the challenges and benefits.

Please follow each sections and answer each one step by step. This paper is very structured. Grade will be based on quality of structure represented.

For example, 3.a, livability aspects are missing

Length and formatting

The paper should be 10 full pages in length (not including the bibliography), double-spaced, 1-inch margins, 12-point font, Times New Roman, with page numbers. Papers under 10 full pages and over 11 full pages will be eligible for a maximum of 80% credit.

You may incorporate tables and figures. These must be numbered, captioned, and referenced in your text. Tables and figures do not count toward the 10 full pages.

All of your drafts should include a clear, concise title and the four section headings presented in the “Structure and content” instructions below. You may also use subheadings.

Format your in-text citations and bibliography using the journal Local Environment: The International Journal of Justice and Sustainability as a model. Local Environment is a high-quality peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes a great deal of Urban Studies and Environmental Studies research. Thus it is a good publication to look to for disciplinary citation conventions, an aspect that the course Writing Flag component is meant to cover. Here is the link to the reference style guide for this journal: https://www.tandf.co.uk//journals/authors/style/reference/tf_ChicagoAD.pdf. You can also download any recent Local Environment article and use it as a model for citation practices.

Structure and content

1. Introduction

Introduce your readers to the tool on which you are focusing, assuming that they have no background knowledge on it. Present information including but not limited to definitions and descriptions of the tool; current trends and developments in the tool; and how widespread its present urban implementation is.

2. Literature review

2a. Benefits

This section should explain the objective benefits of this tool that are most frequently identified in the scholarly, peer-reviewed literature and other acceptable sources. (Avoid structuring this section around the “3Es&L”.)

2b. Challenges and limitations

This section should explain the challenges associated with implementing this tool, and the limitations of this tool, that are most frequently identified in the scholarly, peer-reviewed literature and other acceptable sources. (Ditto.)

3. Assessment

3a. Integration

Is this a holistic (integrated) sustainability tool? That is, does it have the potential to address the environmental, economic, equity, and livability aspects of sustainability in an urban setting? Explain. (This analysis should be based directly and entirely on your literature review – do not introduce any new evidence into this subsection.)

3b. Balance

What potential for conflict between any two of the sustainability goals exists for this tool? (For instance, if a city were to implement this tool to enhance livability, could it somehow diminish social equity?) Is there a mechanism that might help to manage, minimize, or eliminate this conflict?

3c. Recommendation

Overall, do this tool’s benefits and potential outweigh its challenges, limitations, and shortcomings? Should this tool be implemented more extensively in urban sustainability planning, and why or why not?

4. Bibliography

Writing style

Implement a formal writing style (e.g., avoid slang). Use the third person (no “I” statements).

Acceptable sources for researching and writing the paper

Sections 1 and 2

Students are expected to read and cite a bare minimum of 15 sources that are focused directly on their topic.

You may draw on a diversity of sources.

· You should rely most heavily on peer-reviewed scholarly journal articles and university press books. At least 8 of your sources should be from this category: peer-reviewed, academic sources.

· You may also use popular press books; technical reports produced by local governments, NGO/NPOs, and university research centers; and journalism from reputable outlets such as The New York Times and National Geographic Magazine. All of these resources have gone through some kind of internal or external peer review or editing process, though the quality of that review/editing will vary.

· You can also consider industry white papers and government and industry websites, but be sparing and judicious in your use of these, as the level of peer review may be lower.

· Do not use Wikipedia, Youtube videos, blogs, personal websites, social media, and other sources that have undergone dubious or zero peer review.

If you are writing on a topic close to one we explore in class, you may incorporate literature from our course syllabus, but you may not count it toward the 15 required sources. The intent is for you to read beyond what we explore in class together.

Section 3

This section is primarily based in your own analyses. However, when you present definitions or refer to ideas from class, be sure to cite the lecture, the assigned reading, or the handout.

Here is a format you can use for lectures and handouts:

In-text citation of a lecture or handout:

Text text text text text (Seymour 2019a). Text text “quote quote quote” (Seymour 2019b).

Bibliographic citation of a lecture or handout:

Seymour, M. 2019a. Lecture: [Title of lecture]. [Course name]. [Month and day].

Seymour, M. 2019b. Handout: [Title of handout]. [Course name]. [Month and day].