Psychology

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Nervous_System_Overview.html.zip

Nervous_System_Overview.html

The nervous system is divided into the Peripheral Nervous System and the Central Nervous System. The Peripheral Nervous System has within it both a skeletal and autonomic system. As its name suggests, the skeletal system controls the voluntary movements of the skeletal muscles. The autonomic nervous system controls the glands and muscles of the internal organs, such as your heart, digestive system, etc.

The Brain

The brain houses different functions within its boundaries. As the main controlling element of the nervous system, it handles a multitude of functions. There are several main "structures" within the brain:

  • the Brainstem
  • the Limbic System
  • the Cerebral Cortex

Within the brainstem there is the medulla, which controls the heartbeat and breathing; the reticular formation, which controls arousal and attention; the cerebellum, which controls the muscle movement; and the thalamus, which functions as the sensory "switchboard."

In the Limbic System you will find the Amygdala, which controls the emotions of fear and aggression; the hypothalamus, which controls the secretions of endocrines and monitors bodily maintenance and pleasurable rewards.

The Cerebral Cortex has four well defined regions called the frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes that control muscle movement (motor cortex), receive sensory information, and are generally free to process information for a number of needs in the associated areas.

One of the primary hormone releasing glands of the endocrine system is the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland controls hormonal release by other glands including those involved in growth and sexual arousal.

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