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NaturalEnvironmentStakeholder.pptxSpheres of Influence Current Society?
Public
Private
Economic
Political
Social
Ecological
“Capitalist economies are geared first and foremost to the growth of profits, and hence to economic growth at virtually any cost—including the exploitation and misery of the vast majority of the world’s population. This rush to grow generally means rapid absorption of energy and materials and the dumping of more and more wastes into the environment—hence widening environmental degradation.” - John Bellamy Foster Ecology Against Capitalism
https :// www.youtube.com/watch?v=DDIb2uEirT0
https:// www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/mar/27/rockefeller-family-tried-and-failed-exxonmobil-accept-climate-change
How Much Does Nature Give Us for Free?
Global GNP
(US $18 trillion)
Ecosystem Services
(US $33 trillion)
3
Estimates of Human Economic Activities and Ecosystem Services
What are nature’s life-support services worth? Practitioners in the young field of ecological economics believe concrete numbers are required to help nations avoid unsustainable economic choices. In one of the first efforts to calculate a global number, a team of researchers has put an average price tag of US$33 trillion a year on these fundamental ecosystem services. That is nearly twice the value of the global gross national product of US$18 trillion. For more information see http://www.wri.org/wri/trends/ecoserv.html.
Source: Adapted from R. Costanza et al., “The Value of the World’s Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital,” Nature, Vol. 387 (1997), p. 256, Table 2.
The Environmental Challenge Ahead
Emerging participation of developing countries
Increasing material aspirations
Competition for resources
Migration
Scarcity of natural resources
Increasing demand for oil & gas
Scarcity of water
Environmental & social problems
Climate change
Environmental degradation
Child labor; poor social standards
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Energy Source Comparison
6
Ecological Footprints
The average American uses 24 acres to support his or her current lifestyle. In comparison, the average Canadian lives on a footprint 30 percent smaller (17 acres), and the average Italian on a footprint 60 percent smaller.
Biomimicry
Upcycle
Quantifying Ecosystem
Services
SRI
VCI
Reuse
Upcycle
A New Environmental Paradigm?
Nature is an adversary to be conquered
Man is superior to nature
Man is superior to other animal and plant species
Humans must accept pollution risks
Future generations have few rights
Economic development has priority
Corporations may exploit nature
Nature is an indispensable ally in struggle to survive
Humans are part of interdependent community
Humans have duty to protect rights of other animals and plants
Humans have natural right to pure environment
Future generations must not be endangered
Corporations have duty to protect nature
Dominant Western Worldview
New Environmental Paradigm
“Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” Brundtland Declaration, 1987
Or, more simply,
“Don’t take more than your share.”
Sustainable Development
By itself, the Brundtland definition is insufficient. ..
How does one define "needs," as opposed to wants or even excessive luxury? Is a lowering of living standards acceptable? Is barely enough to eat and minimal shelter good enough? What about education and medical care? Does sustainability imply some equity in distribution of goods, or might an increasing gap between rich and poor meet the sustainability test (if environmental and population stability are achieved)? Is ecosystem health important for itself, or only as it sustains humans?
Sustainable Development
Sustainability as Hierarchy of Needs
Marshall & Toffel
Sustainability as Triple Bottom Line
Sustainable development requires environmental health, economic prosperity and social equity. Earth Council
The Movement with No Name
“The movement has three basic roots: environmental activism, social justice initiatives, and indigenous cultures’ resistance to globalization, all of which have become intertwined.”
The "immune response" of humanity to protect
itself from the forces of depredation—
"social antibodies attaching themselves to
the pathologies of power"
Paul Hawken
“Natural Capitalism”
Radical Resource Productivity
slows resource depletion at one end, lowers pollution at other end
Biomimicry
redesign industrial systems along biological lines
Service and Flow Economy
a new perception of value, a shift from the acquisition of goods as measure of affluence to an economy where continuous receipt of quality and utility promotes well-being
Green Accounting/Investing
reversing world-wide planetary destruction through accounting and reinvestment techniques that sustain, restore, and expand stocks of natural capital
Eco-efficiency is not good enough!
Eco-efficiency principle: getting more for less, fewer throwaways, reduced use of resources, and inflicting less harm in the process of attaining more products or services.
While reducing and minimizing is commendable, the compounded effect of a growing population and greater needs is accruing in a crescendo of waste to squander, of new poisons adding to an already lethal toxic scourge, and a befouling of what is already contaminated.
Recycling has, in reality, turned into down cycling, where materials being re-processed lose their original qualities, often of a poorer standard, and are only suitable for downgraded applications, pre-destined for a landfill or an incinerator.
“Eco-efficiency is a reactionary approach, a strategy for damage management and guilt reduction that doesn’t address the necessity of a fundamental redesign of the industrial material f lows. Traditionally, people define environment protection by destroying a little less.”
- Michael Braungart
William McDonough & Michael Braungart
Cradle to Cradle: Remaking the Way We Make Things
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23
Estimates of Human Economic Activities and Ecosystem Services
What are nature’s life-support services worth? Practitioners in the young field of ecological economics believe concrete numbers are required to help nations avoid unsustainable economic choices. In one of the first efforts to calculate a global number, a team of researchers has put an average price tag of US$33 trillion a year on these fundamental ecosystem services. That is nearly twice the value of the global gross national product of US$18 trillion. For more information see http://www.wri.org/wri/trends/ecoserv.html.
Source: Adapted from R. Costanza et al., “The Value of the World’s Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital,” Nature, Vol. 387 (1997), p. 256, Table 2.
Artifacts & Behaviors
Espoused Values
long-term thinking
Basic Assumptions
sustainability is good for
business & stakeholders
perks & subsidies for sustainable innovations
telecommuting & flexible work options
respect for nature
Sustainable
Organization
Culture
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"The more our world functions like the natural world, the more likely we are to endure on this home that is ours, but not ours alone."
~ Janine Benyus
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The Golden
Streamlining
Principle
Velco Fasteners
Friction-Reducing
Sharkskin
http:// www.truthdig.com/report/item/video_making_polluters_pay_us_is_step_9_to_save_the_economy_20150611
Endorsed by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon, who believes in a massive global stimulus for a green future: “An investment that fights climate change, creates millions of green jobs and spurs green growth.”
Impossible under the neoliberal policy regime, in which all countries are forced to concentrate their resources on “competitiveness” in the global market, rather than on meeting social and environmental needs. Currently, public employment and investment in climate protection are defined as costs that detract from competitiveness. Countries that pursue them are punished by international policy discrimination and capital flight.
According to UNEP, the objectives should be to create jobs and restore the financial system and global economy to health; to put the post-crisis economy on a sustainable path that deals with ecological scarcity and climate instability; and to end extreme poverty. It spells out investments and policy reforms to achieve these goals.
In order to move the world toward greater equality, this must be complemented by a new regulatory regime that protects labor and social rights around the world and that rewards rather than punishes countries for implementing such rights. WTO rules should be revised.
A Global Green New Deal?
Coal
Natural Gas
Oil
Hydroelectric
Wind
Geothermal
Solar
Biofuels
Nuclear Fission
Nuclear Fusion
Capital Cost
Cost
Stability
Maintenance Costs
Infrastructure Cost
Land Use
Gas Emissions
Solid Waste
Other Waste
Noise
Visual / Cosmetic
Social
Fuel
Sites
Raw Materials
Political Stability
Maturity
Construction Time
ReliabilityCapacity Factors
Economics
Environment
Energy Supply
Fuel Cost
Other impacts
Availability
Technology
Sheet1
| Coal | Natural Gas | Oil | Hydroelectric | Wind | Geothermal | Solar | Biofuels | Nuclear Fission | Nuclear Fusion | |||
| Economics | Capital Cost | |||||||||||
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| Infrastructure Cost | ||||||||||||
| Environment | Land Use | |||||||||||
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| Other Waste | ||||||||||||
| Other impacts | Noise | |||||||||||
| Visual / Cosmetic | ||||||||||||
| Social | ||||||||||||
| Energy Supply | Availability | Fuel | ||||||||||
| Sites | ||||||||||||
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| Technology | Maturity | |||||||||||
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| Reliability | Capacity Factors |
