2 Discussion Board Replies
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MusicTherapy.pptxMusic Therapy
The Key to treating Co-occurring Depression?
Research Questions
Can music therapy be an effective treatment for co-morbid depression in substance abuser’s?
Participant 1
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Literature Review
Albornoz (2011) found the introduction of music therapy lowered clinical depression rates, as measured by the HDRS, but found no significant difference post-treatment on self-report measures such as the BDI.
Aletraris et al. (2014) purported that music therapy is a popular and efficient means of adding robustness to treatment of co-occurring depression, especially when coupled with contingency therapy, utilizing a researcher made self-report instrument.
These particular studies are what lead me to want to fill the gap for the exploration of music therapy as a possible effective treatment for co-occurring depression utilizing a valid, psychometrically sound, self-report instrument.
Hypothesis
Null hypothesis posits that there will be no statistically significant differences between HDI score pre-treatment and post-research.
Alternative hypothesis (researcher/my hypothesis) is that introduction of the music therapy intervention of lyrical analysis will produce significantly lower scores on the HDI post-treatment indicating music therapy as a possible effective treatment for co-occurring depression utilizing a valid and reliable self-report instrument.
Participants and Setting
Population consisted of 48 (N=48) individuals currently seeking treatment at an inpatient psychiatric hospital (Roanoke Carilion Behavioral Health Pavilion).
Participants were sampled utilizing convenience sampling.
Screening criteria included hospital records/already established co-occurring diagnoses per the inpatient psychiatrist.
Exclusion factors included those who may have been incorrectly diagnosed and did not meet the criteria of clinical depression pre-treatment as measured by the HDI adnd those did not consent.
Informed consent was established through a signed paper document which establhised procedures etc.
Instrumentation
Hamilton Depression Inventory
This is a paper-and pencil version of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) established by Reynolds & Kobak (1995).
Consists of 23 symptoms rated by 38 questions.
MReynolds, W.M. & Robak, K.A. (1995). Reliability and validity of the hamilton depression inventory: a paper and pencil version of the hamilton depression rating scale clinical interview. Psychological Assessment, 7, 472-483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.7.4.472
easures symptoms based on two levels: Presence and Current severity.
Example:
Item 10: Rate your overall level of anxiety over the past 2 weeks on a scale of 0-4 (0= not at all; 4=almost all of the time). If rated anything other than 0 rate the severity from mild to severe.
Sum of weighted scores of the 38 items to assign a score. 0-7= Normal; 8-13=Mild Depression; 14-18= Moderate Depression; 19-22= Severe Depression; >23=Very Severe Depression. Internal consistency reliability statistics range from .91-.94 (Reynolds & Hobak, 1995). Mean difference between the Hamiltion Depression Rating Scale HDRS) and the HDI stand between .16-.56, indicating score similarity between the HDRS and HDI Reynolds & Kobak, 1995). A strong relationship between the HDI and HDRS was found (p<.001)
which further advances the case for correlation between the clinical interview and the paper and pencil version (Reynolds & Kobak, 1995). Data was interval-ratio.
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Methods
Participants were administered the Hamilton Depression Inventory (HDI) pre-treatment.
Lyric analysis was administered in a group therapy setting for 3 weeks.
Different songs were used each session to protect against expectancy and participant fatigue/familiarity.
The HDI was administered post-treatment.
Analysis
As this is a within-subjects design with two levels of the independent variable the correct statistical test used is the correlated groups t-test.
If the P-value is >.05 then this indicates rejection of the null hypothesis.
References
Albornoz, Y. (2011). The effects of group improvisational music therapy on depression in adolescents and adults with substance abuse: a randomized controlled trial**. Nordic Journal Of Music Therapy, 20(3), 208-224. doi:10.1080/08098131.2010.522717
Aletraris, L., Paino, M., Edmond, M. B., Roman, P. M., & Bride, B. E. (2014). The Use of Art and Music Therapy in Substance Abuse Treatment Programs. Journal of Addictions Nursing, 25(4), 190–196. http://doi.org/10.1097/JAN.0000000000000048
Dingle, G. A., Gleadhill, L., & Baker, F. A. (2008). Can music therapy engage patients in group cognitive behaviour therapy for substance abuse treatment?. Drug & Alcohol Review, 27(2), 190-196.
References Contd
Navone, S., & Carollo, G. (2016). Extremely fragile: playing with care! A study on music therapy’s application with young patients suffering from drug addiction. Nordic Journal Of Music Therapy, 2552-53. doi:10.1080/08098131.2016.1179962
Reynolds, W.M. & Robak, K.A. (1995). Reliability and validity of the hamilton depression inventory: a paper and pencil version of the hamilton depression rating scale clinical interview. Psychological Assessment, 7, 472-483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.7.4.472
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