Writing Assignment

Leadership and Sports Ethics

MSA 624 Unit # 5

Leadership Communication, Motivation and Decision Making and Sports Ethics Issues of Sports Violence and Drug Use and Testing

Format for Unit sessions

• Introduction of the Unit

• Unit Topics

• Christian worldview applications

• Major points for the week’s learning

2

Introduction to Unit

• This week we continue our study of leadership by examining leadership communication, motivation, and decision-making.

• We will also look at New Testament principles of ethical leadership.

• Finally, we will look at the sports ethics issues of violence in sports and drug use and testing.

3

Topics we’ll cover

• Leadership communication, motivation, and decision-making

• Ethical leadership principles from the New Testament

• Sports ethics issue of violence in sports

• Sports ethics issue of drug use and testing

4

Unit Objectives

• Learn about leadership communication, motivation, and decision-making

• Consider ethical leadership principles from the New Testament

• Discern sports ethics issue of violence in sports

• Clarify sports ethical issue of drug use and testing

• Solve sports ethics cases

5

Questions for Reflection & Study

• What are ways of looking at leadership communication, motivation, and decision- making?

• What are 3-5 ethical leadership principles from the New Testament?

• What are sports ethics issues and solutions for violence in sports?

• What are sports ethics issues and solutions for drug use and testing?

6

Biblical Foundation

• Galatians 5:7-15 Rules alone don’t make people better

▫ Running is an effective image for ethical leadership

▫ Do well to others and don’t continually fight on the same team

7

Biblical Foundation (cont.)

• Philippians 2:1-11 Consider others in leadership

▫ Find a common vision and values for others in organization

▫ Key distinguisher of ethical leader (v. 3)

• 1 Peter 5:1-4 Mentor leadership

▫ Great leaders develop others

▫ Great leaders focus on the mission, not their own power and position

8

Leadership Communication,

Motivation, and Decision-making

• As you prepare book report on Dungy’s book, think about what he says about leadership communication, motivation and decision- making

9

Biblical Perspectives on

Communication

• Genesis 1:3 and John 1:3

▫ In the Bible, there is NO distinction between word and action

▫ There is absolute congruity between what we say and do

▫ Transparency marks conversation (see also 2 Corinthians 6:11)

▫ However, it doesn’t mean that we say everything to everyone (see also Matthew 8:4)

10

Biblical Perspectives on

Communication (cont.)

• Ephesians 4:29

▫ Words should build people up “according to their needs”

▫ So different communication approaches for different people

▫ However, this still allows for speaking directly when merited

 Paul to Peter (Galatians 2:11-14)

 Jesus and the Pharisees (Matthew 23)

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Biblical Perspectives on Motivation

• Covenantal approach – based on committed relationships

▫ Positive rewards based on an inspiring vision motivate (see Genesis 12:1-3 and also Genesis 22:17-18)

▫ Negative consequences for not following through (see Deuteronomy 4:1-14)

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Biblical Perspectives on Motivation

(cont.) • Philemon 8-10

▫ Better to motivate by inspiration rather than through fiat

▫ However, as a leader you still can speak boldly as needed

• 1 Corinthians 5:1-5

▫ In some cases, it is important to take decisive action to motivate the group over the individual

▫ To fail to do so can hinder the group (also see Revelation 2 – 3)

13

Biblical Perspectives on Decision-

making

• 1 Samuel 8:10-22 and 10:18-24

▫ People want to have someone tell them what to do

▫ Good leaders will not be content with making decisions without considering the interests of others (see also Philippians 2:1-4)

▫ People use wrong criteria to make decisions

14

Biblical Perspectives on Decision-

making (cont.)

• Proverbs 15:22

▫ It is wise to listen to good advice before making a decision

▫ Wise advisors are identified by good actions, not by status or lofty words (see also James 2:1-17)

15

Examples of Violence in Sports

• Actions:

▫ Hit on a quarterback or pass receiver

▫ “Bench clearing brawls” in baseball

▫ Sticks to the head in hockey

▫ Bar fights and “firings”

▫ Fans throwing objects at players

▫ Fights (“The Punch”)

• Indicators that perhaps violence is spreading: news stories, calling for stricter punishment including fines, and personal conduct policies

16

Playing Hard vs. Playing Violent

• Prospective rules: restricts (via fine and/or penalty) certain activities for safety reasons

• Sportsmanship rules: meant to uphold rules in sportsmanlike manner

• Filing criminal prosecution: last gasp effort

• Method of teaching: especially in younger leagues, teaching the right way to play vs. unethical means including (but not limited to) trying to hurt an opponent

17

Off the Field Violence

• Gun control

• Domestic violence

• DWI

• Hazing

• Hurting another participant to gain status

18

What Motivates Athletes to Take

Drugs?

• Their livelihood depends on high achievement

• Career is often short so must make the most of it

• Better performance means more money

• Better performance means bigger numbers and even records

19

Performance-enhancing Drugs (PEDs)

• Painkillers

• Stimulants

• Lean mass builders

• Diuretics

• Steroids and Human Growth Hormones (HGH)

• Check out specific drugs at: www.rxlist.com/drugs/alpha_a.htm

• Check out overview of PEDs at: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/performanc e-enhancing-drugs/HQ01105

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The Ethics of Drug Testing in

Professional Sports

• PEDs and MLB

▫ “The steroids era” (approximately 1988 to the early 2000s)

▫ Book: Game of Shadows

▫ The Mitchell Report

• Testing has been a challenge

▫ Union issues

▫ Overturned (Steve Howe and MLB, p. 248)

▫ Now more effective

21

The Ethics of Drug Testing in

Amateur Sports

• Athletes of ALL ages are willing to use PEDs

• Similar motives drive the issue

▫ Athletes want to gain scholarships

▫ Coaches want to move up in the ranks

▫ Pressure to win from fans and administrators

▫ Perhaps harder to enforce

• However drug testing policies in place

▫ Should all students be tested?

▫ Privacy much bigger in amateur sports

22

Drug-Testing and the NCAA

• The NCAA has the world’s largest drug testing program (as cited in Thornton et al, 2011, p. 263)

• Strict liability program

▫ One year suspension from participation if caught

▫ Does provide right of appeal

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Review

• Learned about leadership communication, motivation, and decision-making

• Considered ethical leadership principles from the New Testament

• Discerned sports ethics issue of violence in sports

• Clarified sports ethical issue of drug use and testing

• Solved sports ethics cases

24

Questions for Reflection & Study

• What are ways of looking at leadership communication, motivation, and decision- making?

• What are 3-5 ethical leadership principles from the New Testament?

• What are sports ethics issues and solutions for violence in sports?

• What are sports ethics issues and solutions for drug use and testing?

25

Recap of Unit

• We examined leadership communication, motivation, and decision-making.

• We also looked at New Testament principles of ethical leadership.

• Finally, we looked at the sports ethics issues of violence in sports and drug use and testing.

26

Recap of Unit

• We examined leadership theories and styles.

• We will also took a look at New Testament principles of ethical leadership.

• Finally, we looked at sports ethics issues as related to various stakeholders in sports: participants, coaches, sports officials, parents and fans.

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References

• Thornton, P.; Champion, W. and Ruddell, L. (2011). Sports Ethics for Sports Management Professionals. Sudbury, MA: Jones & Bartlett Learning.

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What next?

• Take the Unit Quiz

• Complete your detailed reading

• Answer the discussion questions

• Complete the writing assignments

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This concludes Unit 5