bio homework lab

Molecular Biology Review

Use the following two virtual labs to help practice DNA replication, transcription and translation.

https://my.hrw.com/sh2/sh07_10/student/flash/virtual_investigations/hx/hxdna_vi.html

https://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/basics/transcribe/

The following questions will help you review for the exam. The answers can be found in your book and the slides.

DNA Structure

1. What are the three components of a nucleotide?

a.

b.

c.

2. What part(s) of the nucleotide make up the backbone (sides) of a DNA molecule?

3. What part(s) of the nucleotide make up the rungs (middle) of a DNA molecule?

4. What are the 4 nitrogenous bases of DNA? What are the base pairing rules for these bases?

5. If a strand of DNA has 20% of its bases A, what percent will be G?

6. What type of bond holds the nitrogenous bases together?

7. What type of bond is formed between nucleotides?

DNA Replication

1. What does it mean by semiconservative when describing DNA replication?

2. Fill in the table for each enzyme.

Enzyme	Function
DNA helicase
Single stranded binding proteins
RNA primase
DNA polymerase III
DNA polymerase I
DNA ligase

3. What is the complementary strand for each of the following DNA sequences? Be sure to include the 5’ and 3’ designations on the end of the strands.

DNA sequence #1: 3’-ACCGTAGGTCGAAAT-5’

Transcription/Translation

1. What is the name of the region of the gene where RNA polymerase binds to?

2. What are the 4 nitrogenous bases of RNA and what are the base pairing rules?

3. What will be the corresponding bases of the mRNA strand for the diagram below?

DNA Chain

mRNA Chain

Answer:

4. Using the genetic code table below, what amino acid does each codon code for?

a. UGC =

b. CUA =

c. GAG =

d. UUU =

5. Translate the following mRNA into an amino acid sequence:

AUGCCCCAGGCAUAG

Answer: