Deliverable 7 - Analyzing and summarizing a Company’s Operations

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IBM 2016-2018 Financials

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International Business Machines Corp (NYS: IBM)
Exchange rate used is that of the Year End reported date
As Reported Annual Income Statement
Report Date 12/31/2018 12/31/2017 12/31/2016
Currency USD USD USD
Audit Status Not Qualified Not Qualified Not Qualified
Consolidated Yes Yes Yes
Scale Thousands Thousands Thousands
Services revenue 51,350,000 50,709,000 51,268,000
Sales revenue 26,641,000 26,715,000 26,942,000
Financing revenue 1,599,000 1,715,000 1,710,000
Total revenue 79,591,000 79,139,000 79,919,000
Cost of services 34,059,000 34,447,000 34,021,000
Cost of sales 7,464,000 7,256,000 6,559,000
Cost of financing 1,132,000 1,210,000 1,044,000
Total cost 42,655,000 42,913,000 41,625,000
Gross profit 36,936,000 36,227,000 38,294,000
Selling, general & administrative expense - other 16,438,000 16,568,000 16,971,000
Advertising & promotional expense 1,466,000 1,445,000 1,327,000
Workforce rebalancing charges 598,000 199,000 1,038,000
Retirement-related costs - 959,000 742,000
Amortization of acquired intangible assets 435,000 496,000 503,000
Stock-based compensation 361,000 384,000 401,000
Bad debt expense 67,000 55,000 87,000
Selling, general & administrative expense 19,366,000 20,107,000 21,069,000
Research, development & engineering expense 5,379,000 5,787,000 5,751,000
Intellectual property & custom development income 1,026,000 1,466,000 1,631,000
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) 427,000 (405,000) 116,000
Gains (losses) on derivative instruments (434,000) 341,000 (260,000)
Interest income 264,000 144,000 108,000
Net gains (losses) from securities & investment assets 101,000 20,000 (23,000)
Retirement-related income (costs) (1,572,000) - -
Other income 63,000 116,000 (85,000)
Other income & expense 1,152 (216,000) 145,000
Interest expense 723,000 615,000 630,000
Total expense & other income (25,594,000) 24,827,000 25,964,000
Income from continuing operations before income taxes - U.S. operations 627,000 560,000 3,650,000
Income from continuing operations before income taxes - non-U.S. operations 10,715,000 10,840,000 8,680,000
Income from continuing operations before income taxes 11,342,000 11,400,000 12,330,000
Provision for (benefit from) U.S. federal income taxes - current (342,000) 2,388,000 186,000
Provision for (benefit from) U.S. federal income taxes - deferred 1,377,000 77,000 (746,000)
Total provision for (benefit from) U.S. federal income taxes 1,035,000 2,465,000 (560,000)
Provision for (benefit from) U.S. state & local income taxes - current 127,000 55,000 244,000
Provision for (benefit from) U.S. state & local income taxes - deferred (292,000) 28,000 (44,000)
Total provision for (benefit from) U.S. state & local income taxes (165,000) 83,000 200,000
Provision for (benefit from) nopn-U.S. income taxes - current 2,135,000 3,891,000 988,000
Provision for (benefit from) nopn-U.S. income taxes - deferred (386,000) (797,000) (179,000)
Total provision for (benefit from) nopn-U.S. income taxes 1,749,000 3,094,000 809,000
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes 2,619,000 5,642,000 449,000
Income (loss) from continuing operations 8,723,000 5,758,000 11,881,000
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax 5,000 (5,000) (9,000)
Net income (loss) 8,728,000 5,753,000 11,872,000
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic 912,048 932,828 955,423
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted 916,316 937,386 958,714
Year end shares outstanding 892,479 922,179 945,867
Earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations - basic 10 6 12
Earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations - basic 0 - 0 (0)
Net earnings (loss) per share - basic 10 6 12
Earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations - diluted 10 6 12
Earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations - diluted 0 - 0 (0)
Net earnings (loss) per share - diluted 10 6 12
Dividends per share of common stock 6 - -
Total number of employees 350,600 366,600 380,300
Number of common stockholders 395,480 408,697 425,272
Foreign currency translation adjustments (730,000) 152,000 (20,000)

Competitor Financials 2016-2018

IBM 2018 2017 2016
Operating Income      19,177,000      19,459,000      20,383,000 
Net Sales      26,641,000      26,715,000      26,942,000 
COGS      7,464,000      7,256,000      6,559,000
Net Income       8,728,000      5,753,000     11,872,000
R & D Costs       5,379,000      5,787,000      5,751,000
Total Revenue      79,591,000      79,139,000      79,919,000 
SG&A     16,438,000      16,568,000      16,971,000 
PPE, Net      10,792,000      11,116,000     10,830,000 
Inventory       1,682,000      1,583,000      1,553,000
Total Assets  123,382,000 125,356,000 117,470,000
Microsoft  2018 2017 2016
Operating Income      35,058,000      22,326,000  20,182,000
Net Sales      64,497,000      57,190,000  61,502,000
COGS     15,420,000  15,175,000 17,880,000
Net Income      16,571,000      21,204,000  16,798,000
R & D Costs      14,726,000      13,037,000  11,988,000
Total Revenue    110,360,000     89,950,000  85,320,000
SG&A     22,223,000      20,020,000      19,260,000 
PPE, Net      29,460,000      23,734,000  18,356,000
Inventory       2,662,000      2,181,000 2,251,000
Total Assets  258,848,000 241,086,000 193,694,000
Dell  2018 2017 2016
Operating Income  -191000 -3,333,000 -3,252,000
Net Sales      58,801,000      48,706,000  42,742,000
COGS 50,215,000 42,169,000 37,563,000
Net Income (loss)     (3,855,000)     (1,718,000) -1,104,000
R & D Costs       4,384,000      2,636,000 1,051,000
Total Revenue      78,660,000      61,642,000  50,911,000
SG&A     19,003,000      13,575,000  7,850,000
PPE, Net       5,390,000      5,653,000 1,649,000
Inventory       2,678,000      2,538,000 1,619,000
Total Assets  122,281,000 118,206,000 45,122,000
Intel 2018 2017 2016
Operating Income      23,316,000      17,936,000  12,874,000
Gross Margin 43,737,000 39,069,000 36,191,000
COGS     27,111,000     23,692,000  23,196,000
Net Income      21,053,000       9,601,000 10,316,000
R & D Costs      13,543,000      13,098,000  12,740,000
Total Revenue      70,848,000      62,761,000  59,387,000
SG&A      6,750,000      7,474,000 8,397,000
PPE, Net      48,976,000      41,109,000  36,171,000
Inventory       7,253,000      6,983,000 5,553,000
Total Assets  127,963,000 123,249,000 113,327,000
General Dynamic 2018 2017 2016
Operating Income       4,457,000      4,177,000 4,309,000
Net Sales      20,149,000      19,016,000  19,885,000
COGS     15,894,000      14,799,000  15,443,000
Net Income       3,345,000      2,912,000 2,955,000
R & D Costs                   -                    -                    -  
Total Revenue      36,193,000      30,973,000  31,353,000
SG&A      2,258,000      2,010,000 1,940,000
PPE, Net       4,348,000      3,517,000 3,467,000
Inventory       5,977,000      5,303,000 3,523,000
Total Assets  45,408,000 35,046,000 32,872,000

Horizontal Analysis

International Business Machine Corp (IBM) International Business Machine Corp (IBM) 2017-2018 International Business Machine Corp (IBM) 2016-2017
Dollar Change 2017-2018 Percent Change 2017-2018 Dollar Change 2016-2017 Percent Change 2016-2017
Year 2018 2017 Formula: 2018-2017 Formula: 2018-2017/2017 2017 2016 Formula: 2017-2016 Formula: 2017-2016/2016
Services revenue $ 51,350,000.00 $ 50,709,000.00 $ 50,709,000.00 $ 51,268,000.00
Sales revenue $ 26,641,000.00 $ 26,715,000.00 $ 26,715,000.00 $ 26,942,000.00
Financing revenue $ 1,599,000.00 $ 1,715,000.00 $ 1,715,000.00 $ 1,710,000.00
Total revenue $ 79,591,000.00 $ 79,139,000.00 $ 79,139,000.00 $ 79,919,000.00
Cost of services $ 34,059,000.00 $ 34,447,000.00 $ 34,447,000.00 $ 34,021,000.00
Cost of sales $ 7,464,000.00 $ 7,256,000.00 $ 7,256,000.00 $ 6,559,000.00
Cost of financing $ 1,132,000.00 $ 1,210,000.00 $ 1,210,000.00 $ 1,044,000.00
Total cost $ 42,655,000.00 $ 42,913,000.00 $ 42,913,000.00 $ 41,625,000.00
Gross profit $ 36,936,000.00 $ 36,227,000.00 $ 36,227,000.00 $ 38,294,000.00
Selling, general & administrative expense - other $ 16,438,000.00 $ 16,568,000.00 $ 16,568,000.00 $ 16,971,000.00
Advertising & promotional expense $ 1,466,000.00 $ 1,445,000.00 $ 1,445,000.00 $ 1,327,000.00
Workforce rebalancing charges $ 598,000.00 $ 199,000.00 $ 199,000.00 $ 1,038,000.00
Retirement-related costs - $ 959,000.00 $ 959,000.00 $ 742,000.00
Amortization of acquired intangible assets $ 435,000.00 $ 496,000.00 $ 496,000.00 $ 503,000.00
Stock-based compensation $ 361,000.00 $ 384,000.00 $ 384,000.00 $ 401,000.00
Bad debt expense $ 67,000.00 $ 55,000.00 $ 55,000.00 $ 87,000.00
Selling, general & administrative expense $ 19,366,000.00 $ 20,107,000.00 $ 20,107,000.00 $ 21,069,000.00
Research, development & engineering expense $ 5,379,000.00 $ 5,787,000.00 $ 5,787,000.00 $ 5,751,000.00
Intellectual property & custom development income $ 1,026,000.00 $ 1,466,000.00 $ 1,466,000.00 $ 1,631,000.00
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) $ 427,000.00 $ (405,000.00) $ (405,000.00) $ 116,000.00
Gains (losses) on derivative instruments $ (434,000.00) $ 341,000.00 $ 341,000.00 $ (260,000.00)
Interest income $ 264,000.00 $ 144,000.00 $ 144,000.00 $ 108,000.00
Net gains (losses) from securities & investment assets $ 101,000.00 $ 20,000.00 $ 20,000.00 $ (23,000.00)
Retirement-related income (costs) $ (1,572,000.00) - - -
Other income $ 63,000.00 $ 116,000.00 $ 116,000.00 $ (85,000.00)
Other income & expense $ 1,152.00 $ (216,000.00) $ (216,000.00) $ 145,000.00
Interest expense $ 723,000.00 $ 615,000.00 $ 615,000.00 $ 630,000.00
Total expense & other income $ (25,594,000.00) $ 24,827,000.00 $ 24,827,000.00 $ 25,964,000.00
Income from continuing operations before income taxes - U.S. operations $ 627,000.00 $ 560,000.00 $ 560,000.00 $ 3,650,000.00
Income from continuing operations before income taxes - non-U.S. operations $ 10,715,000.00 $ 10,840,000.00 $ 10,840,000.00 $ 8,680,000.00
Income from continuing operations before income taxes $ 11,342,000.00 $ 11,400,000.00 $ 11,400,000.00 $ 12,330,000.00
Provision for (benefit from) U.S. federal income taxes - current $ (342,000.00) $ 2,388,000.00 $ 2,388,000.00 $ 186,000.00
Provision for (benefit from) U.S. federal income taxes - deferred $ 1,377,000.00 $ 77,000.00 $ 77,000.00 $ (746,000.00)
Total provision for (benefit from) U.S. federal income taxes $ 1,035,000.00 $ 2,465,000.00 $ 2,465,000.00 $ (560,000.00)
Provision for (benefit from) U.S. state & local income taxes - current $ 127,000.00 $ 55,000.00 $ 55,000.00 $ 244,000.00
Provision for (benefit from) U.S. state & local income taxes - deferred $ (292,000.00) $ 28,000.00 $ 28,000.00 $ (44,000.00)
Total provision for (benefit from) U.S. state & local income taxes $ (165,000.00) $ 83,000.00 $ 83,000.00 $ 200,000.00
Provision for (benefit from) nopn-U.S. income taxes - current $ 2,135,000.00 $ 3,891,000.00 $ 3,891,000.00 $ 988,000.00
Provision for (benefit from) nopn-U.S. income taxes - deferred $ (386,000.00) $ (797,000.00) $ (797,000.00) $ (179,000.00)
Total provision for (benefit from) nopn-U.S. income taxes $ 1,749,000.00 $ 3,094,000.00 $ 3,094,000.00 $ 809,000.00
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes $ 2,619,000.00 $ 5,642,000.00 $ 5,642,000.00 $ 449,000.00
Income (loss) from continuing operations $ 8,723,000.00 $ 5,758,000.00 $ 5,758,000.00 $ 11,881,000.00
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax $ 5,000.00 $ (5,000.00) $ (5,000.00) $ (9,000.00)
Net income (loss) $ 8,728,000.00 $ 5,753,000.00 $ 5,753,000.00 $ 11,872,000.00
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic $ 912,048.07 $ 932,828.30 $ 932,828.30 $ 955,422.53
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted $ 916,315.71 $ 937,385.63 $ 937,385.63 $ 958,714.10
Year end shares outstanding $ 892,479.41 $ 922,179.23 $ 922,179.23 $ 945,867.40
Earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations - basic $ 9.56 $ 6.17 $ 6.17 $ 12.44
Earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations - basic $ 0.01 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ (0.01)
Net earnings (loss) per share - basic $ 9.57 $ 6.17 $ 6.17 $ 12.43
Earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations - diluted $ 9.51 $ 6.14 $ 6.14 $ 12.39
Earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations - diluted $ 0.01 $ - 0 $ - 0 $ (0.01)
Net earnings (loss) per share - diluted $ 9.52 $ 6.14 $ 6.14 $ 12.38
Dividends per share of common stock $ 6.21 - - -
Total number of employees $ 350,600.00 $ 366,600.00 $ 366,600.00 $ 380,300.00
Number of common stockholders $ 395,480.00 $ 408,697.00 $ 408,697.00 $ 425,272.00
Foreign currency translation adjustments $ (730,000.00) $ 152,000.00 $ 152,000.00 $ (20,000.00)

Vertical Analysis

Income Statement Vertical Analysis
International Business Machine Corp (IBM) Formula =number / total revenue
Year 2018 2018 2017 2017 2016 2016
Services revenue 51,350,000 50,709,000 51,268,000
Sales revenue 26,641,000 26,715,000 26,942,000
Financing revenue 1,599,000 1,715,000 1,710,000
Total revenue 79,591,000 100.00% 79,139,000 100.00% 79,919,000 100.00%
Cost of services 34,059,000 34,447,000 34,021,000
Cost of sales 7,464,000 7,256,000 6,559,000
Cost of financing 1,132,000 1,210,000 1,044,000
Total cost 42,655,000 42,913,000 41,625,000
Gross profit 36,936,000 36,227,000 38,294,000
Selling, general & administrative expense - other 16,438,000 16,568,000 16,971,000
Advertising & promotional expense 1,466,000 1,445,000 1,327,000
Workforce rebalancing charges 598,000 199,000 1,038,000
Retirement-related costs - 959,000 742,000
Amortization of acquired intangible assets 435,000 496,000 503,000
Stock-based compensation 361,000 384,000 401,000
Bad debt expense 67,000 55,000 87,000
Selling, general & administrative expense 19,366,000 20,107,000 21,069,000
Research, development & engineering expense 5,379,000 5,787,000 5,751,000
Intellectual property & custom development income 1,026,000 1,466,000 1,631,000
Foreign currency transaction gains (losses) 427,000 (405,000) 116,000
Gains (losses) on derivative instruments (434,000) 341,000 (260,000)
Interest income 264,000 144,000 108,000
Net gains (losses) from securities & investment assets 101,000 20,000 (23,000)
Retirement-related income (costs) (1,572,000) - -
Other income 63,000 116,000 (85,000)
Other income & expense 1,152 (216,000) 145,000
Interest expense 723,000 615,000 630,000
Total expense & other income (25,594,000) 24,827,000 25,964,000
Income from continuing operations before income taxes - U.S. operations 627,000 560,000 3,650,000
Income from continuing operations before income taxes - non-U.S. operations 10,715,000 10,840,000 8,680,000
Income from continuing operations before income taxes 11,342,000 11,400,000 12,330,000
Provision for (benefit from) U.S. federal income taxes - current (342,000) 2,388,000 186,000
Provision for (benefit from) U.S. federal income taxes - deferred 1,377,000 77,000 (746,000)
Total provision for (benefit from) U.S. federal income taxes 1,035,000 2,465,000 (560,000)
Provision for (benefit from) U.S. state & local income taxes - current 127,000 55,000 244,000
Provision for (benefit from) U.S. state & local income taxes - deferred (292,000) 28,000 (44,000)
Total provision for (benefit from) U.S. state & local income taxes (165,000) 83,000 200,000
Provision for (benefit from) nopn-U.S. income taxes - current 2,135,000 3,891,000 988,000
Provision for (benefit from) nopn-U.S. income taxes - deferred (386,000) (797,000) (179,000)
Total provision for (benefit from) nopn-U.S. income taxes 1,749,000 3,094,000 809,000
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes 2,619,000 5,642,000 449,000
Income (loss) from continuing operations 8,723,000 5,758,000 11,881,000
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax 5,000 (5,000) (9,000)
Net income (loss) 8,728,000 5,753,000 11,872,000
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic 912,048 932,828 955,423
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted 916,316 937,386 958,714
Year end shares outstanding 892,479 922,179 945,867
Earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations - basic 10 6 12
Earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations - basic 0 - 0 (0)
Net earnings (loss) per share - basic 10 6 12
Earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations - diluted 10 6 12
Earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations - diluted 0 - 0 (0)
Net earnings (loss) per share - diluted 10 6 12
Dividends per share of common stock 6 - -
Total number of employees 350,600 366,600 380,300
Number of common stockholders 395,480 408,697 425,272
Foreign currency translation adjustments (730,000) 152,000 (20,000)

Expense Behavior

Expenses Fixed or Variable Product or Period
Selling, general & administrative expense - other
Advertising & promotional expense
Workforce rebalancing charges
Retirement-related costs
Amortization of acquired intangible assets
Bad debt expense
Selling, general & administrative expense
Research, development & engineering expense
Interest expense

Ratio Calculations_Analysis

International Business Machines Corp (NYS: IBM) 12/31/2018 12/31/2017 12/31/2016
Current Ratio 1.29 1.33 1.21
Gross Margin
Inventory Percent of Total Assets
Inventory Turnover 26.13 27.37 26.82
Total Debt to Equity 2.73 2.66 2.31
Net Current Assets % Total Assets 8.85 9.87 6.48
Net Property, Plant and Equipment Percent of Total Assets
Net Profit Margin
Operating Margin 49.5 49.5
Research and Development percentage of Total Revenue
ROA % (Net) 7.02 4.74 10.39
ROE % (Net) 50.76 32.1 72.84
ROI % (Operating) 19.2 16.56 19.98
Selling and General Administrative Percentage of Total Revenue
Total Asset Turnover 0.64 0.65 0.7
Competitor #1:Microsoft Corporation 2018 2017 2016
Current Ratio 2.53 2.9 2.48
Gross Margin
Inventory Percent of Total Assets
Inventory Turnover 18.16 15.84 15.46
Total Debt to Equity 0.71 0.92 1.19
Net Current Assets % Total Assets 37.04 42.95 39.54
Net Property, Plant and Equipment Percent of Total Assets
Net Profit Margin
Operating Margin
Research and Development percentage of Total Revenue
ROA % (Net) 14.39 6.63 9.75
ROE % (Net) 42.41 21.37 29.37
ROI % (Operating) 25.77 22.08 15.71
Selling and General Administrative Percentage of Total Revenue
Total Asset Turnover 0.46 0.44 0.41
Competitor #2: Dell Technologies 2018 2017 2016
Current Ratio 0.8 0.85 0.81
Gross Margin
Inventory Percent of Total Assets
Inventory Turnover 20.73 22.47 23.42
Total Debt to Equity 0 5.34 3.67
Net Current Assets % Total Assets -7.9 -5.67 -6.23
Net Property, Plant and Equipment Percent of Total Assets
Net Profit Margin
Operating Margin
Research and Development percentage of Total Revenue
ROA % (Net) -1.98 -3.11 -2.01
ROE % (Net) -90.11 -32.25 -21.87
ROI % (Operating) -0.35 -5.37 -8.2
Selling and General Administrative Percentage of Total Revenue
Total Asset Turnover 0.78 0.66 0.74
Competitor #3: Intel Corporation 2018 2017 2016
Current Ratio 1.4 1.73 1.69
Gross Margin
Inventory Percent of Total Assets
Inventory Turnover 3.73 3.81 3.78
Total Debt to Equity 0.37 0.35 0.38
Net Current Assets % Total Assets 6.54 9.5 9.8
Net Property, Plant and Equipment Percent of Total Assets
Net Profit Margin
Operating Margin
Research and Development percentage of Total Revenue
ROA % (Net) 15.96 16.81 8.14
ROE % (Net) 27.65 29.15 14.06
ROI % (Operating) 21.25 23.61 19.02
Selling and General Administrative Percentage of Total Revenue
Total Asset Turnover 0.55 0.57 0.53
Competitor #4: General Dynamic
Current Ratio 1.18 1.23 1.4
Gross Margin
Inventory Percent of Total Assets
Inventory Turnover 5.26 5.23 5.62
Total Debt to Equity 0.88 1.06 0.35
Net Current Assets % Total Assets 6.1 7.6 14.92
Net Property, Plant and Equipment Percent of Total Assets
Net Profit Margin
Operating Margin
Research and Development percentage of Total Revenue
ROA % (Net) 7.39 8.32 8.58
ROE % (Net) 27.53 28.88 25.99
ROI % (Operating) 18.72 22.53 27.59
Selling and General Administrative Percentage of Total Revenue
Total Asset Turnover 0.84 0.9 0.91

Sales Revenue Forecast