Mod 5 - Graphing homework
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Module3-TwoWayANOVAHW_MarthaRamsey.docx1
HW Module 3 -Two Way ANOVA
Martha Ramsey
Saint Leo University
Research Method: PSY 535
Instructor Andrea Goldstein
November 12, 2022
HW Module 3 -Two Way ANOVA
Hypotheses
· Null Hypothesis ( H0): There is no statistically significant difference between interference and memory score in the perceived importance of a task.
· Alternative hypothesis ( H1): There is a statistically significant difference between interference and memory score in perceived task importance.
Variables
· Dependent variables: Memory score {not important, highly important}.
· Independent variables: Factor/condition {interference, no interference}
The memory score in the two activities depends on the condition/environment/factor (whether there was a nose or no noise) in the environment where the participants were assigned to listen to a topic of great importance to them. To investigate how interference affects the memory score, we run a two-way ANOVA: Two-Factor with Replication.
Table 1
ANOVA: Two-Factor with Replication
|
SUMMARY |
not important |
highly important |
Total |
|
|
|
|
Interference |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Count |
5 |
5 |
10 |
|
|
|
|
Sum |
224 |
369 |
593 |
|
|
|
|
Average |
44.8 |
73.8 |
59.3 |
|
|
|
|
Variance |
162.7 |
45.7 |
326.2333333 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
no interference |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Count |
5 |
5 |
10 |
|
|
|
|
Sum |
329 |
475 |
804 |
|
|
|
|
Average |
65.8 |
95 |
80.4 |
|
|
|
|
Variance |
28.7 |
5 |
251.8222222 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Count |
10 |
10 |
|
|
|
|
|
Sum |
553 |
844 |
|
|
|
|
|
Average |
55.3 |
84.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
Variance |
207.5666667 |
147.3777778 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ANOVA |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Source of Variation |
SS |
df |
MS |
F |
P-value |
F crit |
|
Sample |
2226.05 |
1 |
2226.05 |
36.77901694 |
1.63988E-05 |
4.493998478 |
|
Columns |
4234.05 |
1 |
4234.05 |
69.95539033 |
3.09905E-07 |
4.493998478 |
|
Interaction |
0.05 |
1 |
0.05 |
0.000826105 |
0.977425784 |
4.493998478 |
|
Within |
968.4 |
16 |
60.525 |
|
|
|
|
Total |
7428.55 |
19 |
|
|
|
|
From the table above, we report F-statistics, df, p-values, and effect size for each factor (highlighted in yellow in the table). Besides, we use the p-value to determine the rejection point for the study hypothesis. According to McLeod (2019), a p-value ≤ .05 is statistically significant, indicating strong evidence against the null hypothesis because there is less than a 5% probability the null is correct; hence we reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis. Additionally, Kennedy-Shaffer (2018) affirmed that the null hypothesis is retained if the p-value is greater than .05 and the converse is a true case.
Now, borrowing from the concepts of the literature, we see that our p-value (p = 1.63988E-05 = 0.000163988) < .05. Therefore, we reject our null hypothesis and conclude that there is a statistically significant difference between interference and memory score in the perceived importance of a task. Interference (noise) negatively affects memory score/ concentration when reading.
References
Kennedy-Shaffer, L. (2018). When the alpha is the omega: P-values, “substantial evidence,” and the 0.05 standard at FDA. Food and drug law journal, 72(4), 595. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6169785/
McLeod, S. (2019). What a p-value tells you about statistical significance. SimplyPsychology. https://www.simplypsychology.org/p-value.html
