Module 2 Lab #7: Stellar Evolution

Module2Lab7StellarEvolution.docx

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This worksheet is to be used with your Stellar Evolution lab. But you must type in all calculations and your answers and submit it as a Word document, or it will not run through the originality checking software. Please also delete any extra content, such as Hints, etc. from your final report, and it is helpful to space out answers by one line. Show your work for all calculations even if there isn’t a box for it!

Name/Date ___________________________

A BALANCING ACT

B.)

C.a.) Protostar 1.

L = σT4 x 4πr2 σ = 5.67 x 10-8 (W/m2)/K4

π = 3.14

T = _______K T4 = _______________________K4

r = _______m r2 = ______________________m2

(values for both T & r can be found in Table 1)

Show your calculations here:

C.b.) Protostar 2.

L = σT4 x 4πr2 σ = 5.67 x 10-8 (W/m2)/K4

π = 3.14

T = _______K T4 = _______________________K4

r = _______m r2 = ______________________m2

(values for both T & r can be found in Table 1)

Show your calculations here:

C.c.)

C.d.)

C.e.) (hint: look at the percent difference for the surface temperatures you found and percent difference for the radius when you were looking at the surface area)

MAIN SEQUENCE PHASE

A) Reactions per Cycle. (answer is expressed in [1/sec] which is the same as [reaction/sec], and you will get a very large number)

Show your calculations here:

B) Mass per second the Sun converts into Energy. (see full hint in instructions)

E = mc2 E = 4.3 x 10-12 J, Joules = kg m2 / s2

m = E/c2 c = 3 x 108 m/s, c2 = ___________________ m2/s2

Show your calculations here:

D) fill in table for value found in B.

RED GIANT PHASE

A) Mean Density of the Sun.

V = 4/3πr3 π = 3.14

D = m/V m = 2 x 1030 kg

r = _________m, r3 = ____________________ m3

(value for r can be found in Table 1)

Show your calculations here:

C) Luminosity of the Sun. Red Giant Phase.

L = σT4 x 4πr2 σ = 5.67 x 10-8 (W/m2)/K4

π = 3.14

T = _______K T4 = _______________________K4

r = _______m r2 = ______________________m2

(values for both T & r can be found in Table 1)

Show your calculations here:

RED GIANT BEFORE HELIUM FLASH PHASE

A) Power of the Helium Flash.

Power = Watt.time (J) L = 4 x 1026 W

Time = 30,000 years

(convert time in years to time in seconds)

Show your calculations here:

B) Luminosity of the Sun. Red Giant Helium Flash Phase.

L = σT4 x 4πr2 σ = 5.67 x 10-8 (W/m2)/K4

π = 3.14

T = _______K T4 = ______________________K4

r = _______m r2 = ______________________m2

(values for both T & r can be found in Table 1)

Show your calculations here:

RED GIANT - HELIUM FUSION AFTER HELIUM FLASH PHASE

L = σT4 x 4πr2 σ = 5.67 x 10-8 (W/m2)/K4

π = 3.14

T = _______K T4 = _______________________K4

r = ______m r2 = _______________________m2

(values for both T & r can be found in Table 1)

Show your calculations here:

RED GIANT BECOMES SUPERGIANT

A) Super Giant Average Density.

V = 4/3πr3 π = 3.14

D = m/V m = 2 x 1030 kg

r = ______m r3 = _______________________ m3

(value for r can be found in Table 1)

Show your calculations here:

B) Luminosity. Super Giant Phase.

L = σT4 x 4πr2 σ = 5.67 x 10-8 (W/m2)/K4

π = 3.14

T = _______K T4 = _______________________K4

r = ______m r2 = _______________________m2

(values for both T & r can be found in Table 1)

Show your calculations here:

WHITE DWARF

L = σT4 x 4πr2 σ = 5.67 x 10-8 (W/m2)/K4

π = 3.14

T = _______K T4 = _______________________K4

r = ______m r2 = _______________________m2

(values for both T & r can be found in Table 1 in the lab instructions)

Show your calculations here:

D) make graph

Luminosity Table (to fill in & place in lab report)

Phase	Luminosity (in Watts)	Luminosity in Solar Units (L / 4 x 1026 Watts)
Main Sequence Star	4 x 1026	4 x 1026 / 4 x 1026 = 1
Red Giant
Red Giant (before helium flash)
Red Giant (after helium flash)
Super Giant