Urinary Hormone responses
TiffanyLoredon
Module_4_DB1153.docxModule 4 Discussion Board Essential Concepts
Initial Post:
Urinary Hormones
1. Tell us about 3 urinary hormones.
I. Choose one (1) hormone from the RAA system (Renin, Angiotensin II or Aldosterone)
II. Choose either Antidiuretic Hormone or Parathyroid hormone
III. And everyone will discuss Atrial Natriuretic peptide
I. Aldosterone is essential for sodium conservation in the kidneys, salivary glands, sweat glands and colon. “Aldosterone affects the body's ability to regulate blood pressure. It sends the signal to organs, like the kidney and colon, that can increase the amount of sodium the body sends into the bloodstream or the amount of potassium released in the urine. The hormone also causes the bloodstream to re-absorb water with the sodium to increase blood volume” (Aldosterone | Endocrine Society, 2019).
Reference: Aldosterone | Endocrine Society. Hormone.org, Endocrine Society, 3 November 2019, https://www.hormone.org/your-health-and-hormones/glands-and-hormones-a-to-z/hormones/aldosterone
II. “Parathyroid hormone helps prevent low calcium levels by acting on the bones, intestine, and kidneys. In the bones, the hormone triggers the release of calcium stores from the bones to the blood. This can lead to bone destruction. In the intestines, parathyroid hormone helps with vitamin D metabolism. This, in turn, allows the body to absorb more of the calcium it digests from food. In the kidneys the hormone stops the release of calcium through the urine, while also increasing vitamin D production” (Parathyroid Hormone | Endocrine Society,2019).
Reference: Parathyroid Hormone | Endocrine Society. Hormone.org, Endocrine Society, 3 November 2019, https://www.hormone.org/your-health-and-hormones/glands-and-hormones-a-to-z/hormones/parathyroid-hormone
III. “The main function of ANP is causing a reduction in expanded extracellular fluid (ECF) volume by increasing renal sodium excretion. ANP is synthesized and secreted by cardiac muscle cells in the walls of the atria in the heart. These cells contain volume receptors which respond to increased stretching of the atrial wall due to increased atrial blood volume” (Atrial natriuretic peptide, 2019).
Reference: Atrial natriuretic peptide. (2019). Retrieved 4 November 2019, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrial_natriuretic_peptide
2. For each of your 3 chosen hormones, tell me: 1) What triggers its release? 2) The specific part (s) of a nephron it affects and HOW?
I. -Aldosterone’s release is triggered by a decrease in blood flow to the kidneys activates renin which is responsible for the production of angiotensin, which then causes the release of aldosterone.
“Aldosterone, a steroid hormone with mineralocorticoid activity, is mainly recognized for its action on sodium reabsorption in the distal nephron of the kidney, which is mediated by the epithelial sodium channel” (EL, 2019).
Reference: EL, B. (2019). Aldosterone: effects on the kidney and cardiovascular system. - PubMed - NCBI. Retrieved 4 November 2019, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20234356
II. Parathyroid release is triggered when the level of calcium in the blood is low.
“In the kidney, around 250 mmol of calcium ions are filtered into the glomerular filtrate per day. This reabsorption occurs throughout the tubule (most, 60-70% of it in the proximal tubule)” (Parathyroid hormone, 2019).
Reference: Parathyroid hormone. (2019). Retrieved 4 November 2019, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parathyroid_hormone
III ANP release is triggered with increased stretching of the atrial wall due to increased atrial blood volume.
The medullary collecting duct is the main site of ANP regulation of sodium excretion.
Fluid Balance
Swelling occurs due to improper fluid balance. Apply what you learned from Chapter 27 to explain, compare and contrast Weeping Edema vs Lymphedema.
Be sure to include
· How each disorder relates to fluid balance
· Which body fluid compartments are compromised
· You should also include/define the following terms in your post as you explain the disorders:
· Intracellular fluid
· Extracellular fluid
· Blood Plasma
· Interstitial fluid
· Cytosol
-Weeping edema: A symptom.
Can include pitting edema.
Accumulation in interstitial tissues.
Extracellular body fluid is compromised.
Occurs when the fluid puts so much pressure on the veins and capillaries that they become leaky.
The leaking out of this water part of the blood is called weeping edema.
The leaking fluid makes the surface of the skin wet.
Some causes can be relieved with diuretics.
Can be temporary and curable.
- Lymphedema: A primary, secondary, or hereditary diagnosis.
Causes fluid to back up in the tissues causing swelling and a interruption in fluid balance.
A condition of localized fluid retention and tissue swelling caused by a compromised lymphatic system.
Lymphedema should not be confused with edema arising from venous insufficiency, which is caused by compromise of the venous drainage rather than lymphatic drainage.
Diuretic treatment is harmful.
Is chronic without a cure.
Lack of (blood plasma) liquid part of the blood that carries cells and proteins throughout the body returned back into the circulation by the failed lymphatic system makes sustaining life risky.
Unable to filter tissue fluid, thereby susceptible to invading microorganisms.
Lack of controlling the volume and pressure of the interstitial fluid which is important for gas, nutrient and waste exchange between the (intracellular fluid) fluid in the cytosol of cells and that outside of the cells (extracellular fluid).
Fluid stays in the (interstitial space); located between cell spaces
-Signs and symptoms of Lymphedema and weeping edema is swelling, itching, pain, aching, tightness, or red skin
-Managing lymphedema and weeping edema can include compression socks, sleeves, bandages, and changing positions often.
Peer Responses
Response 1
A. Offer research that backs or refutes a point one of your peers made. Add the source to your response. (Good Job or I agree are NOT allowed as your response)
i. Cite in APA or MLA format
B. Explain how buffer systems help to maintain fluid compartment balance. (Ch. 27 is a great reference)
Response 2
A. Offer research that backs or refutes a point one of your peers made. Add the source to your response. (Good Job or I agree are NOT allowed as your response)
i. Cite in APA or MLA format
B. Give 3 differences between renal and respiratory compensation used for Acid-Base balance.
