Biology Assignment

The first efforts to control filth, odor, and infections in cities was called

Group of answer choices

none of the choices are correct

the Great Sanitary Movement

the Sterilization Movement

the Public Health Initiative

 

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Question 20.5 pts

Sterilization is destruction or removal of all forms of life.  

Group of answer choices

True

False

 

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Question 30.5 pts

Chemical means of control are most often used when sterilization is required.  

Group of answer choices

True

False

 

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Question 40.5 pts

High temperatures kill microbes by causing their proteins to go from a three dimensional shape to an inactive, two dimensional shape.  This is a called__________________.

 

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Question 50.5 pts

A machine that achieves sterilization by generating steam under pressure is called a/an

Group of answer choices

oven

autoclave

filter

radiation box

 

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Question 60.5 pts

The process of using moist heat to reduce the bacterial population in liquids and foods is called

Group of answer choices

denaturation

sterilization

pasteurization

filtration

 

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Question 70.5 pts

Why does organic milk sometimes have a longer shelf life?

Group of answer choices

it has less fat

it has been sterilized

it has been subjected to the ultra-high temperature pasteurization process

the cows have not been given antibiotics or hormones

 

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Question 80.5 pts

UV light kills microbes by

Group of answer choices

denaturing proteins

damaging cell membranes

removing water

disrupting DNA replication and transcription

 

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Question 90.5 pts

Irradiation as a means of controlling microbes and preserving food has been approved by the FDA.

Group of answer choices

True

False

 

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Question 100.5 pts

A non heat method of controlling microbes that removes water from the cell is called drying or ______________________.

 

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Question 110.5 pts

Using drying to preserve foods is a relatively new process.  

Group of answer choices

True

False

 

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Question 120.5 pts

A means of food preservation that involves freezing the food and removing the water is called

Group of answer choices

denaturation

sterilization

lyophilization

pasteurization

 

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Question 130.5 pts

Salt works to prevent microbial growth and preserve food because it

Group of answer choices

causes microbial proteins to denature

causes water to leave the microbial cells

causes microbial DNA to mutate

causes microbial cell membranes to expand

 

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Question 140.5 pts

Heat sensitive lliquids are often sterilized by

Group of answer choices

lyophilization

filtration

autoclaving

pasteurization

 

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Question 150.5 pts

Low temperatures can be used to achieve sterilization.

Group of answer choices

True

False

 

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Question 160.5 pts

What is the difference between antiseptics and disinfectants?

Group of answer choices

one kills microbes, one does not

what surfaces they are used on

one works against endospores, one does not

one achieves sterilization, one does not

 

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Question 170.5 pts

Alcohol can be used as an antiseptic or a disinfectant.

Group of answer choices

True

False

 

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Question 180.5 pts

Alcohol will inactivate a bacterial endospore.

Group of answer choices

True

False

 

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Question 190.5 pts

Why is hydrogen peroxide actually not a great antiseptic for an open wound?

Group of answer choices

oxygen breaks it down

it is ineffective in the presence of blood

we make an enzyme that breaks it down

it doesn't kill any bacteria

 

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Question 200.5 pts

_____________ is a halogen commonly used to control microbes in pools, drinking water and households.  

Group of answer choices

peroxide

iodine

copper

chlorine

 

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Question 210.5 pts

Silver, mercury, and ______________ are three heavy metals often used as antiseptics and disinfectants.

 

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Question 220.5 pts

Soaps are primarily used to remove microbes from surfaces.

Group of answer choices

True

False

 

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Question 230.5 pts

A phenol commonly found in antibacterial soaps and household products is _____________.

Group of answer choices

copper

bleach

formaldehyde

triclosan

 

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Question 240.5 pts

Studies have found that antibacterial soaps are more effective than regular soap.

Group of answer choices

True

False

 

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Question 250.5 pts

Which of the following is often used to sterilize plastics?

Group of answer choices

ethylene oxide

alcohol

formalin

triclosan

 

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Question 260.5 pts

An ___________________ is an antimicrobial substance naturally made by some molds and bacteria.

 

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Question 270.5 pts

The first antibiotic discovered was _______________.

 

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Question 280.5 pts

The first researcher to observe the action of penicillin was

Group of answer choices

Alexander Fleming

Robert Koch

Paul Ehrlich

Louis Pasteur

 

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Question 290.5 pts

Penicillin is most useful when bacterial cells are actively dividing.  

Group of answer choices

True

False

 

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Question 300.5 pts

Penicillin is an example of a broad spectrum antibiotic.

Group of answer choices

True

False

 

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Question 310.5 pts

Some bacteria that are resistant to penicillin make the enzyme, ______________, which converts it to a harmless form.

 

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Question 320.5 pts

Which of the following is not a potential target for an antibiotic?

Group of answer choices

cytoplasm

protein synthesis

cell wall synthesis

cell membrane

 

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Question 330.5 pts

Resistance to antimicrobials is only seen in bacteria.

Group of answer choices

True

False

 

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Question 340.5 pts

Why do microbes naturally produce antibiotics?

Group of answer choices

to limit their competition

to kill off viruses

none of the choices are correct

to provide medications for us

 

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Question 350.5 pts

Random mutation and gene swapping are two ways in which bacteria can obtain the ability to be resistant to antibiotics.

Group of answer choices

True

False

 

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Question 360.5 pts

Why do antibiotics not work for viral infections?

Group of answer choices

viruses do not replicate

they do work against viral infections

viruses do not have the sites that antibiotics target

viruses get inside our cells

 

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Question 370.5 pts

How does the overuse of antibiotics contribute to the problem of antibiotic resistance?

Group of answer choices

antibiotics cause us to be resistant to the drugs

antibiotics kill the susceptible cells so the resistant cells have not competition and increase in number

none of the choices are correct

antibiotics cause bacteria to mutate into resistant cells

 

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Question 380.5 pts

Which of the following is something all of us can do to control the AMR problem?

Group of answer choices

do not demand antibiotics for viral infections

all choices are correct

take the complete course of antibiotics when prescribed

do not share antibiotics