zeek the geek paper-Minimum Wage

Turnitin Originality Report Minimumwageresearch.pdf From Week 2 Assignment (MGT380 MGT380 Leadership for Organizations BFJ1808B Apr2018 18677) • Processed on 22-Apr-2018 1:18 PM PDT • ID: 951331804 • Word Count: 3917 Similarity Index 28% Similarity by Source Internet Sources: 16%

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< 1% match (student papers from 14-Mar-2018) Submitted to Bridgepoint Education on 2018-03-14 18 < 1% match (Internet from 12-Sep-2017) http://ftp.iza.org/dp10185.pdf 19 < 1% match (student papers from 21-Jan-2016) Submitted to Weber State University on 2016-01-21 20 < 1% match (student papers from 20-Mar-2018) Submitted to Bridgepoint Education on 2018-03-20 21 < 1% match (Internet from 27-Apr-2016) http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/hec.3336/ abstract;jsessionid=99D286CBC27A50AC63EC7ED6FDC20D95.f02t02 22 < 1% match (Internet from 07-Nov-2017) https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs10198-016-0847-5.pdf 23 < 1% match (Internet from 13-Apr-2018) https://www.cerge-ei.cz/pdf/wp/Wp615.pdf 24 < 1% match (Internet from 08-Apr-2018) http://ifuturo.org/documentacion/Employment%20outlook%202015.pdf 25 < 1% match (Internet from 31-Aug-2017) http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---asia/---ro-bangkok/documents/ publication/wcms_558636.pdf 26 < 1% match (Internet from 20-Nov-2017) https://businessperspectives.org/images/pdf/applications/publishing/ templates/article/assets/9427/KPM_2017_01_Kolot.pdf 27 < 1% match (publications) Elena Andreyeva, Benjamin Ukert. "The impact of the minimum wage on health", International Journal of Health Economics and Management, 2018 paper text: Running head: MINIMUM WAGE! Introduction Creating a functional society requires integration of significant policies that are aimed at promoting a

greater understanding of essential elements within the community. Legislations are put in place to provide a clear and a well-engaged setting where the needs of the individual within a given context can be protected. The workplace is one of the primary environments, which require a higher level of focus where it would be possible to achieve a high level of organizational engagement. Legislations that are integrated into the workplace situation are aimed at creating a highly effective operational atmosphere where the interests of both the employer and employees can be met. Minimum wage introduction in the workplace has created a diverse atmosphere where there the need to improve the existing understanding where it would be possible to enhance the well-being of all employees within their respective operational surroundings. The implementation of minimum wage in the workplace is an essential positive concept, which has created a highly defined workplace e and should be implemented to ensure there is a high focus on employee needs. Background information It is essential to understand that employees are usually vulnerable to an organizational context and thus they may fail to negotiate their wages and thus being negatively influenced by the decisions that are made by the employers. Being in a position to understand that there is a supportive law to the wages delivered empowers employees in seeking to understand essential ways that they can ensure that their rights within their respective operational environs are not violated. The needs of employees are essential and thus it is essential to understand the underlying level of vulnerability where it is possible to develop positive measures that can help in protecting their developmental engagement (Meer & West, 2016). The 3United States is a highly engaged country, which has put in place critical measures to protect its citizens across different settings. The workplace e has been highly developed with significant legislation in place, which has ensured that there is a higher level of focus where employees can be protected from harassment from their employers especially about their pay as well as the development of workplace. Employee-related laws have significantly streamlined the workplace where it has been easier to work within the country based on the conditions (Boeri, 2012). Minimum wage implementation has created both negative and positive outcomes in the workplace. A higher level of understanding of these diverse outcomes is critical to achieving a higher level of workplace commitment. Some of the significant aspects of the workplace that have been influenced include

recruitment, pricing, revenue generation and organizational commitment. The 1focus, in this case, is based on the understanding that employers are likely to exploit their employees by paying wages that do not reflect the work done. Therefore, the integration of minimum wage was a critical step within the United States labor force, which was aimed at protecting the well-being of employees across the different operational environment. The law based on the Fair labor and standards act, employees are expected to pay their employees not less than the minimum wage. The interests of the federal state workforce are therefore significantly protected, and an employee has a right to sue the employer if he or she feels that her rights regarding fair compensation are violated (Slonimczyk & Skott, 2012) The problem definition The implementation of the minimum wage was not without a struggle. Initially, the workplace was very complicated, and the employers had maximum dominance within the industry since there was no regulation on the minimum amount that they would provide their employees with. As a result, employees were remarkably exploited increasing the 16gap between the rich and the poor considering the employers were raking in significant vast amounts of money regarding revenues while employees who play an integral role in the production process were being exploited (Meer & West, 2016). The development of the Fair Labor Standards Act played was done during the great depression when the business atmosphere was at its worse. Employees during this time were remarkably exploited creating a challenging setting especially for the poor who were unable to afford even their basic needs. Majority of the people who were being used include the African American citizens since sometimes they could work and not are paid. The slavery mentality was still very fresh in the minds of many employers who were white and the suppressing the needs of the African American citizens were seen as a healthy activity, which did not attract any form of outcry since they were used to such treatment (Boeri, 2012). However, it is essential to understand that the exploitation of the poor employees created a significant difference in the 16gap between the rich and the poor. The gap has been unable to be entirely navigated until today despite the efforts that have been put in place to create a highly engaged situation where it would be possible to achieve a higher understanding on the needs of all employees within the

workplace. The intervention of the then president Roosevelt focused on creating a favorable setting where all employees would be paid relatively although the initial efforts get the Congress pass the legislation were fruitless. However, the second round was strategic where better measures were put in place where it was possible to integrate decisive measures, which aimed at creating a highly diversified workplace setting where employees would be engagement reasonably regarding income. The underlying problem was huge, and thus the overall focus on the needs of employees created a highly engaged situation where it would be possible to integrate decisive measures, which would provide a highly engaged positive atmosphere where all employees in varying workplace setting would be managed (Belman & Wolfson, 2014). Argument The implementation of the minimum wage policy in the workplace has significantly focused on achieving some objectives. The current lowest amount that a firm can pay its workers is $7.50 per hour. Every organization is expected to comply with this regulation to operate within the United States workplace. The law is evident on failure to comply with the minimum wage policy regulation. There is need to develop a highly engaged business surrounding where it would be possible to achieve a highly engaged operational environment. This can only be accomplished where there is focus on employee needs especially when considering the wages provided by the respective companies (Lee & Saez, 2012). It is the purpose of the government to ensure that its citizens live within a given threshold and thus the development of minimum wage has efficiently been developed to provide that there is a lowest living status that the most depressed earning employee is expected to live. Lower class families have significantly been influenced by the various provisions that have been integrated into their respective workplace where their rights have been substantially protected. Development of better workplace plays a crucial role in creating a profoundly revolutionized atmosphere limiting the exploitation of employees. There is significant need to understand the significant measures that have been put in place to protect the well-being of employees within the respective functional setting. Income inequality is one of the significant issues that played an integral role in improving the strategies that need to be integrated into creating a highly diverse workplace. The income inequality has been because of exploitation of the poor employees in the workplace. According to David (2016) provide a clear understanding of how the implementation of the minimum wage has created a higher level of influence in reducing the existing income

1inequality. The income inequality within the United has been significantly high between the wealthy and the poor (Belman, Wolfson, & Nawakitphaitoon, 2015). The 1minimum wage has played a very crucial role in overcoming the existing wage inequality although it has a positive influence on the poor especially individuals who have less education. The introduction of the minimum wage within the federal workforce has been crucial in improving the status of workers across different surroundings. The article takes into consideration the significant period around 1980 when the minimum wage policy was being introduced, and it was associated high-level focus the positive development of the low-income earners within the society (Turner, 2011). 1The minimum wage provides a greater understanding of the ability of each business organization to pay their employees a minimum carrying pay. The Fair labor standards act offers a highly engaged situation where it is possible to ensure that employee within the United States is paid within a limited level of engagement. The development of the minimum wage has been instrumental in improving the well-being of employees as well as creating a highly engaged setting where it has become possible for employees to commit their services to organizational performance. The law, therefore, protects employees where they can sue their employer if they feel that their rights based on minim wage are violated and be compensated as a result (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2016). Many organizations have struggled in compliance with the need to create a highly engaged environment where it would be possible to achieve a higher understanding here it is possible to ensure that there is a high level of employee commitment. Many employees tend to compromise change initialization process within the company especially when the desired difference is likely to jeopardize their position within the organization. In other cases, employees are used to old mechanisms and are very much resistant to change since they may have a difficult time adjusting to the changes. Even though changes are right for the organization, it is vital for a business organization to develop favorable policies that are most likely to create a beneficial environment for employees where they can concentrate (Leckcivilize, 2015). Implementing the minimum wage policy creates a highly engaged environment where

employees can focus on helping employees concentrate on their primary purpose. Planning process ensures that employees and all stakeholders involved in the business organization are notified within the required time limit and put all the necessary steps in order. Thus to effectively achieve any significant change within the business organization, it is essential to ensure that there is a better relationship between organization management and employees to provide that there is no resistance to any change that is developed by the company. It is essential to ensure that employees are aware of the organizations change plans to understand the exact impact of the desired change and also develop better mechanisms where the difference can be readily accepted and managed (Neumark, Salas, & Wascher, 2014). Employees can be desperate at times, and thus there is need to understand that employers are more likely to take advantage of the situation especially considering there are many individuals who are seeking job opportunities. It is essential to realize that even those employees that are exploited have families to feed and thus as an employer it is important to understand that better measures are put in place to develop a highly engaged environment where it would be possible to understand the need to improve the well-being of employees. Employees should not use desperation as a weakness, and thus the implementation of the minimum wage has ensured that the state set the lowest wage payable at any given workplace (Rani, Belser, Oelz, & Ranjbar, 2013). The integration of minimum wage has been highly beneficial in promoting positive economic growth. Workers have more money to spend because they can afford more items within the market and thus it provides a highly engaged within the economy. Ensuring that employees are well compensated ensures that there is a high-performance level due to an increased level of commitment to an organizational performance where it is possible to achieve critical goals, which reflect on economic growth positively. The increased demand in the market shows that the economy is improving where it would be possible to create a highly improved setting where it is possible to achieve a higher focus on societal development(Danziger, 2009). Statistical data Interpretation Komro et al. (2016) provide focus on the effects 22of an increased minimum wage on infant mortality and birth weight. Increased 27minimum wage is associated with a positive influence on the wellbeing of

employees since they can manage their lives efficiently including health situation. It is therefore essential to understand that the importance of infant mortality on infant mortality provides a greater focus on the need to improve public health. The study consequently estimated state-level minimum wage laws based on a different level of attention of low birth weight, which integrated less than 2500g and post-neonatal mortality between the initial 28 and 364 days. Different states have different levels of minimum wage based on the federal minimum wage (Komro et al., 2016). The findings from the study revealed 13that a dollar increase in minimum wage above the federal rate was significantly linked with a 1- 2% decrease in low birth weight as well as a 4% decrease in the post-neonatal mortality. These findings are evident in highlight the positive influence of increasing minimum wage in helping create well-engaged public health since many individuals within the society can afford quality healthcare. The study results are very much reliable and valid. The methodology and the data that has formed the basis of this study is very compelling providing a clear understanding where it has been possible to achieve a higher focus on how an increase in minimum wage is vital in improving healthcare quality. The results, in this case, are very much in line with other previous studies that have been conducted 25focusing on the influence of minimum wage on the living standards of individuals. If all states would have increased their minimum wage by 1 dollar, there is a likelihood that it would lead to fewer low birth weight, which is approximately 2790 and additional 518 postneonatal deaths annually. These findings are very significant in providing a practical focus on the importance of developing a well-developed minimum wage, which has a critical influence on public health as well as other vital sectors of human development. Previous researchers have consistently associated low income with an increased risk of premature mortality throughout their lifespan. Therefore, increase in minimum wage provide a very active focus on the livings standards where it would be possible 26to achieve a higher level of engagement. The association of low income and high mortality can be effectively countered by ensuring that there is 24an increase in minimum wage, which has a positive influence on the income of individuals (Komro et al., 2016). The strength of the study is that it has based its findings on actual findings where there is a clear understanding where it is possible to have a better predictive agreement on

essential elements, which create a better understanding where it would be possible to achieve a higher focus on minimum wage on public health. The limitation of the study is that the results have been generalized across all states and thus it is not possible to understand the exact influence on each state independently because each state has a different minimum wage. Autor, Manning, and Smith (2016) provide an assessment 1of the contribution of the minimum wage to the United States wage inequality over the last three decades. Income inequality has been a significant issue within the United States workplace, and thus the implementation of the minimum wage was aimed at reducing the existing income inequality. The application of minimum wage across the United States has created a very critical atmosphere where it is possible to integrate a definite focus on the well-being of employees. It would be possible to have an improved understanding where it would be possible to achieve a higher level of engagement in bridging the gap between the rich and the poor (Autor, Manning, & Smith, 2016). In determining the findings, the study has focused on creating an improved understanding of the 15contribution of minimum wage to income inequality through review of past literature, which focused on determining the influence of minimum wage. The use of additional decades of data in addressing these concerns provide a greater focus where there is need to create a highly engaged environment where it is possible to understand the exact influence of minimum wage. The findings highlight that 19minimum wage reduces inequality in the lower tail of wage distribution. The findings assert that minimum wage has played an integral role in reducing the existing income inequality. ! The table above provides clear comparative analysis of male and female in the last three decades. The table highlights that there has been a significant 15contribution of the minimum wage in reducing income inequality in both male and female individuals in the previous three decades. The significant change that has been identified in this case provides a greater understanding where there is need to achieve an improved focus on essential elements in understanding the relationship between the rich and the poor over the years. The influence has been higher in male compared to female based on the findings from the study (Autor et al., 2016). The study has focused past studies, which have been reviewed highlighting the consideration that the findings are valid and reliable. The methodology integrated into the research has provided a more significant analysis where

it is possible to understand the results as well as relate them to actual concepts. However, the limitation of the study is that it has focused on a review of the past literature creating a diverse view where it is possible to understand significant attention on the 15contribution of the minimum wage in reducing the existing income inequality. The findings outline the essential role that minimum wage has in ensuring that there is a better life for low- income earners. Reeeves et al. (2017) carried out a study to determine the influence of the 18introduction of a national minimum wage on depressive symptoms in low-wage workers in the United Kingdom. In the year 1999, the United Kingdom implemented minimum wage legislation, which was aimed preventing employee exploitation in workplace settings. The study that was conducted in this case focused on experimental analysis, which included 4longitudinal data taken from the British Household Panel Survey. The research performed a comparative analysis between 21the health effects of higher wages on recipients of the minimum wage and those other individuals who were less likely to be influenced since they had approximately 100 or 11% of the eligibility threshold. The analysis was done based on three groups which include lower-income individuals, high income and control group which was developed to provide a higher understanding on the need to create a greater understanding on the underlying health concerns across the groups. The study revealed that there were no changes 23in blood pressure, hearing ability or smoking within the control group. The low-income group was associated with high level of susceptibility to health risks including high blood pressure and high hearing ability challenges. The high-income group was associated with improved 4mental health by reduced financial strain. Increasing wages in the low- income workers was associated with a very stable mental health and reduced financial pressure since they are possible to achieve a higher level of organizational success. The findings from the study are very reliable and valid since the methods integrated have focused on scientific intervention where it is possible to achieve a higher level of engagement based on increasing the

minimum wage and its integral influence across different groups. The limitation in the study is that the research has focused on national data which might be biased considering that it was not explicitly collected to provide information on minimum wage where it is possible to achieve a higher level of understanding within a given social engagement among individuals from different income levels. Conclusion Minimum has provide a well-engaged environment among employees through focus on reduce income inequality and living standards especially among the low-income individuals. It has created a greater focus on the need to ensure that different individual’s especially low- income earners are not vulnerable creating a very difficult understanding where it would be possible to achieve a greater level of engagement within the society as well as promoting economic development. Minimum wage has created a significant influence in workplace where employers have sought different ways to ensure that they are not negative influenced by the regulation that has been put in place since it is mandatory to comply with minimum wage since they are highly protected by regulations that have been put in place. References 7Autor, D. H., Manning, A., & Smith, C. L. (2016). The contribution of the minimum wage to US wage inequality over three decades: A reassessment. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 8(1), 58–99. https ://doi.org/10.1257/app.20140073 17Belman, D., & Wolfson, P. J. (2014). What does the minimum wage do? What Does the Minimum Wage Do? (Vol. 1). https://doi.org/10.17848/9780880994583 11Belman, D., Wolfson, P., & Nawakitphaitoon, K. (2015). Who Is Affected by the Minimum Wage? Industrial Relations, 54(4), 582– 621. https://doi.org/10.1111/irel.12107 Boeri, T. 2(2012). Setting the minimum wage. Labour Economics, 19(3), 281–290. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.labeco.2012.01.001 12Danziger, L. (2009). The elasticity of labor demand and the minimum wage. Journal of Population Economics, 22(3), 757– 772. https ://doi.org/10.1007/s00148-007-0179-y 6Komro, K. A., Livingston, M. D., Markowitz, S., & Wagenaar, A. C. (2016). The effect of an increased minimum wage on infant mortality and birth weight. American Journal of Public Health, 106(8). https ://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2016.303268 2Leckcivilize, A. (2015). Does the minimum wage reduce wage inequality? Evidence from Thailand. IZA Journal of Labor & Development, 4(1), 21. https://doi.org/10.1186/ s40175-015-0041-7

Lee, D., & Saez, E. (2012). Optimal minimum wage policy in competitive labor markets. Journal of Public Economics, 96(9– 2010), 739–749. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco. 2012.06.001 2Meer, J., & West, J. (2016). Effects of the Minimum Wage on Employment Dynamics. Journal of Human Resources, 51(2), 500– 522. https://doi.org/10.3368/jhr.51.2.0414-6298R1 8Neumark, D., Salas, J. M. I., & Wascher, W. (2014). Revisiting the minimum wage-employment debate: Throwing out the baby with the bathwater? Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 67(SUPPL), 608–648. https://doi.org/10.1177/00197939140670S307 9Rani, U., Belser, P., Oelz, M., & Ranjbar, S. (2013). Minimum wage coverage and compliance in developing countries. International Labour Review, 152(3–4), 381–410. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/j. 1564-913X.2013.00197.x 10Slonimczyk, F., & Skott, P. (2012). Employment and distribution effects of the minimum wage. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 84(1), 245–264. https ://doi.org/10.1016/ j.jebo. 2012.03.005 Turner, J. (2011). National minimum wage. Manager, (AUTUMN), 5. https:// doi.org/10.1136/ inpract.26.2.110-a 4Reeves, A., McKee, M., Mackenbach, J., Whitehead, M., & Stuckler, D. (2017). Introduction of a National Minimum Wage Reduced Depressive Symptoms in Low-Wage Workers: A Quasi- Natural Experiment in the UK. Health economics, 26(5), 639-655. 14U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (2016). Characteristics of minimum wage workers, 2015. BLS Reports. https:// doi.org/http :// www.bls.gov/opub/reports/minimum-wage/archive/ characteristics-of-minimum-wage-workers-2014.pdf 51 MINIMUM WAGE 2! MINIMUM WAGE 3! MINIMUM WAGE 4! MINIMUM WAGE 5! MINIMUM WAGE 6! MINIMUM WAGE 7! MINIMUM WAGE 8! MINIMUM WAGE 9! MINIMUM WAGE 10! MINIMUM WAGE 11! MINIMUM WAGE 12! MINIMUM WAGE 13! MINIMUM WAGE 14! MINIMUM WAGE 15! MINIMUM WAGE 16! MINIMUM WAGE 17! MINIMUM WAGE 18!