FINAL

1

5

Articles Summary

Student’s Name

Institution Affiliation

Course Name

Professor’s Name

Date

Articles Summary

Article 1- “Obedience to Authority: Stanley Milgram”

Research Question/Hypothesis

The research by Milgram (1965) got conducted to find out how the existence of authority imposes diverse behavioral outcomes on other persons. The research question aimed to determine if a person or authoritative figure called X tells Y to harm another person Z, there would be a condition influencing Y to perform the action.

The main research question was:

"If an experimenter tells a subject to hurt another person, under what conditions will the subject go along with this instruction, and under what conditions will he refuse to obey."

Literature Review

The author explained how people usually undergo mental pressures to adhere to diverse instructions, which become mandatory for them to engage with. Different circumstances usually force people to adhere to authoritative figures even though they might hold personal opinions about their actions.

Methodology

The methodology was observational since the author explained how different scenarios of an experiment done at Yale University were applicable in ascertaining how authority is used to generate social changes. The experiment illustrated how some participants refused to answer questions on whether they would perform inappropriate actions if certain authorities forced them.

Results

Milgram (1965) illustrated how human beings can get affected by different circumstances that affect their capability to obey different types of decisions. The method used to develop decision-making often gets affected by the behaviors that human beings involve in their reaction to various extremities in life.

Conclusion

Human beings perform actions in conformity to the type of authoritative figure handling their directions. People can perform duties based on logical requirements, family duties, or impact on their conscience. As long as people have sensitive reactions to different actions, the resultant outcome shall be a change in the method of obeying authority.

Article 2: “Authority as epistemic capital”

Research Question/Hypothesis

The study got developed based on the hypothesis that authority is a concept that appeals to different persons thinking processes to produce behaviors.

Literature Review

According to Alasuutari (2018), authority produces a hierarchical perception of power that different people are expected to conform to. Social activities get performed due to power since it influences a struggle for improving the concept getting studied. The author explained that persuasion of power often gets performed using authoritative text that can be religious text or the law. Investment in authority can get performed due to adhering to power structures needed to promote the credibility of the behaviors people display.

Methodology

The article performed document analysis on different articles and then synthesized all their data to explain the full impact of authority in handling the behavioral actions of different persons.

Results

Authority is a concept that imposes a force on different persons since it changes how they think. It is possible to generate credibility for the types of behaviors people display when they are aware of authority. Then they must conform to principles that manage their views on various activities. Influence on the type of conduct people display is a deciding factor developed using authority. People who generate authority often dictate how other persons in society behave.

Conclusion

Authority can get established using institutions, family, work, or normative social patterns. People get required to conform to behavioral patterns which influence how they think in connection to determining how they can establish rules for promoting social growth. Realistic options are actions that get standardized depending on how people develop a legitimate view of how to behave. A credible authority analysis was developed using a holistic view of how to generate social changes depending on the behaviors people produce when they realize the existence of an authoritative figure which can be a person or text.

References

Alasuutari, P. (2018). Authority as epistemic capital. Journal of Political Power, 11(2), 165-190. DOI:10.1080/2158379x.2018.1468151.

Milgram, S. (1965). Some conditions of obedience and disobedience to authority. Human Relations, 18(1), 57–76.