ASTRONOMY INTRO

Sinhareeb Neqadimos

Professor Fields

ASTRONOMY 001

April 22nd, 2020

Midterm Corrections

Question 1: The Sky

Question 1B) The lunar and the solar calendars both use a change in an object in the heavens to track time, but one is a reflected motion and one is a real motion.  Which calendar is based off of a reflected motion and which real motion of Earth is responsible?

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Question 1C) Use the real motion of Earth you didn't use for 1B and describe a reflected motion that it creates.

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Question 2A) Give me an example of the ancient Greeks not following the rules of science and explain why they weren't doing the action of science correctly.

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Question 3A) Explain one way that the interior, surface, and/or atmosphere of a terrestrial (Earth-type) planet interacts with one of the others.

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Question 3B) Why doesn't the brightness of a star decide how hot a jovian (Jupiter-type) planet is, and briefly describe the process that actually does.

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Question 3C) The Greenhouse Effect is actually an absorption-line spectrum.  Explain why.

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Question 4A) The sun of the other solar system is a M star.  Where would that solar system's ice line be (compared to ours) and why?

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Question 4B) Before I can use the blackbody curve to figure out the temperature of one of those planets from its color, what has to be true about that planet?

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Question 4C) One terrestrial (Earth-type) planet in that other solar system is covered with craters and another one has almost no craters.  How could both planets be the same age?

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Question 5A) First, give me two different possible reasons why the light did not go on.  Then, describe two experiments you could perform that would be able to distinguish between your two reasons (in more sciencey words, give me two hypotheses and come up with new observations to test those hypotheses).

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Question 5B) So far this semester we’ve talked about how to tell which idea is better, as well as which evidence is better.  Now, which of the experiments you created in 5A are more trustworthy/stronger/better than the other?  Explain why.

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Question 6A) What is the source of gravity? (in other words, what creates gravity?)

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Question 6B) How does gravity result in Kepler’s 2nd and 3rd Laws?

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Question 6C) How does Kepler’s 2nd Law help prolong the life of a comet?

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Question 6D) For which planets is gravity a power source? Why only those planets?

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Question 6E) [____] also does one other thing.  If I hold two objects and then let go of them, if there was no atmosphere they will hit the ground at the same time.  If one object has more [____] it feels more gravitational force from Earth.  Newton's 2nd Law says that if there is more force, then there is more effect.  So it is natural to think that the object with more [____] should hit the ground first.  What is the second thing that [____]  does, and why does it result in objects hitting the ground at the same time?

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