anthropology 001 test ---jingzi
Damond
midterm.docxA scientific hypothesis must be:
Group of answer choices
testable
all of the above
capable of being refuted
none of the above
an explanation for observed phenomena
What is the name that refers to humans and human ancestors?
Group of answer choices
Apes
Primates
Hominins
Homo sapiens
Paleoanthropology is the study of
Group of answer choices
medicinal practices associated with different cultures
recently deposited skeletal remains
human ancestors and their evolution
the biology and behavior of living nonhuman primates
According to the film, who among the following is NOT credited with the discovery of the structure of DNA?
Group of answer choices
Francis Crick
Roger Mason
James Watson
In 1974, Donald Johanson found the remains of a 3.2-million-year-old fossilized skeleton in Ethiopia that he nick-named
Group of answer choices
Lucy
Ida
Twiggy
the Dikika Baby
Darwin did not understand:
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species selection
all of these
how inheritance worked
where variation came from
Sometimes a species' trait is not actually an adaptation because:
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it result from other properties
all of these
hitchhiker effect
it is an exaptation
DNA replication is described as “semi-conservative” since the result is two separate double-stranded DNA molecules, each of which is composed of an original “parent” template strand and a newly synthesized “daughter” DNA strand.
Group of answer choices
True
False
Lamarckian inheritance posited that offspring
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a. would inherit characteristics that were acquired during their parents’ lifetimes
b. would be composed of an even blend of their parents’ characteristics
c. did not inherit characteristics from their parents but acquired them through interaction with their environment
d. changed genetically from their parents through the accumulation of random genetic mutations
Which technological invention of the 1980s revolutionized DNA data collection by allowing scientists to amplify millions of copies of DNA from a very small amount of template DNA?
Group of answer choices
next-generation sequencing
Sanger sequencing
microarray technology
polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes can affect crucial processes such as DNA repair, which can lead to breast and ovarian cancers. Although BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations have an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance, it does not mean an individual will develop cancer if they inherit a pathogenic allele. This phenomena is an example of
Group of answer choices
penetrance
pleiotropy
incomplete dominance
codominance
polygenic traits
When two heterozygous parents reproduce (e.g. Bb), what type(s) of offspring can they produce?
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homozygous only
both heterozygous and homozygous
heterozygous only
Genetic conditions caused by an unexpected (or abnormal) number of chromosomes, like Down Syndrome or an unexpected combination of sex chromosomes (XXY, XXX, and XO) are known as:
Group of answer choices
haploid
gametic
aneuploid
none of the above
diploid
Fragments of DNA that can “jump” around in the genome are known as
Group of answer choices
introns
spontaneous mutations
transposons
exons
In a hypothetical situation, B is the allele that causes the condition polydactyly (six fingers on each hand). If a man who has normal fingers and a heterozygous woman with polydactyly have children, what proportion of these children would you expect to have normal fingers? (Hint: Use a Punnett square).
Group of answer choices
none of them
all of them
1/2
1/4
3/4
Proteins are composed of:
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RNA
DNA
all of the above
bases
amino acids
All of the following are true of meiosis EXCEPT that meiosis:
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goes through two phases of cell division
produces four daughter cells
produces daughter cells identical to the parent cell
includes a step where homologous chromosomes recombine
The presence of over 700 genes involved in height determination is an example of (a)
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recessive trait
dominant trait
polygenic trait
pleiotropy
polymorphism
A classic example of adaptive radiation highlighted by Charles Darwin is the
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c. many species of finches on the Galapagos Islands
d. relationship between sickle cell anemia and malaria
a. extinction of two species of giant tortoises
b. evolution of light to dark peppered moths
The lake stickleback is missing its spikes, a feature that researchers think might be genetically similar to the missing legs in this species:
Group of answer choices
starfish
manatee
dolphin
all of the above
Which of the following are strepsirrhines:
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gibbons
lemurs
none of the above
gorillas
baboons
Which species is shown in"Life of Mammals: Social Climbers" caring for twins:
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Pygmy marmosets
Howler Monkeys
Douroucoulis
Saddleback Tamarins
Emperor Tamarins
You observe that the male primates in a group have larger canines than the female primates. This is an example of:
Group of answer choices
non-honing
sexual selection
sexual dimorphism
homodont dentition
According to the “competitive exclusion principle,” two species cannot
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compete with each other
occupy the same niche
meet their food needs in the same way
live in the same habitat
The two suborders of primates are:
Group of answer choices
strepsirrhines and haplorhines
colobines and cercopithecines
pongidae and hominidae
platyrrhines and catarrhines
lemuriforms and lorisiforms
Unlike haplorrhines, most strepsirrhines are
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nocturnal
smaller in size
all of the above
the first two answers only
solitary
Which of the following species live in multi-male, multi-female groups?
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tarsiers
chimpanzees
orangutans
marmosets
Who has the highest basal metabolic rate?
Group of answer choices
A baboon
A human
A gorilla
A gibbon
A tarsier
Which of the following species has the Y-5 molar pattern?
Group of answer choices
howler monkeys
chimpanzees
all of the above
lemurs
Lorsises
Pair-bonded, monogamous primates, like gibbons, tend to exhibit
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sexual monomorphism
sexual dimorphism
low paternity certainty
same sex competition
Humans are all of the following EXCEPT:
Group of answer choices
Catarrhines
Strepsirrhines
Primates
hominoids
Mammals
Which of the following locomotion is associated with having longer legs than arms?
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bipedalism
vertical clinging and leaping
the first two answers only
brachiation
all of the above
All of the following are true of primate dispersal, EXCEPT:
Group of answer choices
Most transfers of males occur during the breeding season
It helps prevent inbreeding
the philopatric sex is the one that disperses
Joining a new group can be difficult and have high costs to the new individual
One unique trait of orangutans is that they have
Group of answer choices
lack of sexual dimorphism
nocturnal lifestyles
very long gaps between offspring
bipedalism
The visual predation hypothesis argues that the unique traits of primates evolved in order to hunt
Group of answer choices
insects
birds
fish
reptiles
Neil Shubin found Tiktallik:
Group of answer choices
among a collection in a museum drawer
by excavating near where Ichtyostega was found
by accident
after seeing a diagram of Devonian rocks in a textbook
The K-Pg mass extinction event:
Group of answer choices
helped intitate the era of the mammals
caused an adaptive radiation
caused the extinction of the dinosaurs
occurred approximately 66 mya
all of the above
Which mammal group has the largest number of species in the world today
Group of answer choices
placentals
monotremes
marsupials
rodents
Analyses of foraminifera, a microorganism, have been useful for reconstructing
Group of answer choices
global temperature changes
ancient diets
human migration
changes in tree growth
The Miocene epoch featured the evolution of and diversification of:
Group of answer choices
mammals
monkeys
strepsirrhines
apes
The two main categories of fossil dating techniques are
Group of answer choices
ancient and contemporary
relative and chronometric
short-term and long-term
objective and subjective
The supercontinent that dominated the globe int he Triassic (200 mya) was called:
Group of answer choices
Angiosperm
Gondwana
Arcadia
Pangaea
Egg laying as a form of reproduction among mammals:
Group of answer choices
is never found
None of the above
Is found among Monotremes
is a derived trait
is found among Metatherians
All of the following major hypotheses about primate origins EXCEPT the ____ hypothesis.
Group of answer choices
arboreal
angiosperm domination
k-selection hypothesis
visual predation
Discuss and explain the process of protein synthesis
What are the factors impacting the public acceptance of evolution? Discuss with specific information.
Describe why primates are endangered and discuss some examples of conservation efforts designed to protect endangered species.
