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Microbiology is related to agriculture; students worldwide have shown an interest in understanding the two aspects by studying agricultural microbiology course in higher education. Agricultural microbiology is the study of how microorganism enhances the production of crops. Microbiology's essential aspect is agriculture revolves around pest control, management of microbial disease in crops, and soil nutrition.

The main advantage of microbiology in agriculture is soil decomposition that gives rise to useful mineral particles and organic matters that assist in the growth of crops. Microorganisms such as protozoa, algae, and fungi facilitate weathering of soils to produce nutrients for crops; the soil is a conducive habitat of microorganisms with nutritional values (Tikhonovich & Provorov, 2011). Growth-promoting rhizobacteria are a group of organisms that facilitate the growth and development of roots in crops. The rhizosphere is a region around the roots; microorganisms such as rhizosphere microbiota play an important role in the production of nitrogen transformation and balancing of the ph level in the soil.

Indoleacetic acid and phytohormone are growth hormones produced by various microorganisms and facilitate the growth and development of roots in plants. The hormones are also effective in enhancing the intake of water during the photosynthesis process. The other advantage of microorganisms is their ability to fix nitrogen into useful products. Nitrogen fixer bacteria such as Azospirillum and Rhizobacteria can convert nitrogen from the atmosphere to ammonia which is useful in producing crops. The absorption of ammonia in plants facilitates protein synthesis and DNA replication. Minerals such as phosphorous are critical in plant growth however are mostly found in insoluble rocks. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) facilitate plants' growth by solubilizing insoluble rocks, thus containing phosphorous for plants' easier absorption.

References

Tikhonovich, I. A., & Provorov, N. A. (2011). Microbiology is the basis of sustainable agriculture: an opinion. Annals of Applied Biology, 159(2), 155-168.