Week 7 Assignment Course Project: Final Paper

MGT301PresentationPearson17eChapter1.pdf

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What Is

Organizational

Behavior?

Learning Objectives

 Demonstrate the importance of interpersonal skills in the workplace.

 Define organizational behavior (OB).

 Show the value to OB of systematic study.

 Identify the major behavioral science disciplines that contribute to OB.

 Demonstrate why few absolutes apply to OB.

 Identify managers’ challenges and opportunities in applying OB concepts.

 Compare the three levels of analysis in this text’s OB model.

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Demonstrate the Importance of

Interpersonal Skills in the Workplace

Interpersonal skills are important because…

‘Good places to work’ have better financial performance.

Better interpersonal skills result in lower turnover of quality employees and higher quality applications for recruitment.

There is a strong association between the quality of workplace relationships and job satisfaction, stress, and turnover.

It fosters social responsibility awareness.

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LO 1

 Manager: Someone who gets things done

through other people in organizations.

 Organization: A consciously coordinated social

unit composed of two or more people that

functions on a relatively continuous basis to

achieve a common goal or set of goals.

 Planning, organizing, leading, and

controlling.

 Mintzberg concluded that managers perform ten

different, highly interrelated roles or sets of

behaviors attributable to their jobs.

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Describe the Manager’s

Functions, Roles, And Skills

LO 2

Describe the Manager’s

Functions, Roles, and Skills

LO 2

Describe the Manager’s

Functions, Roles, and Skills

 Management Skills

Technical Skills – the ability to apply specialized knowledge or expertise. All jobs require some specialized expertise, and many people develop their technical skills on the job.

Human Skills – the ability to work with, understand, and motivate other people, both individually and in groups.

Conceptual Skills – the mental ability to analyze and diagnose complex situations.

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LO 2

Effective Versus Successful

Managerial Activities

Luthans and his associates found that all

managers engage in four managerial

activities:

1. Traditional management

2. Communication

3. Human resource management

4. Networking

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LO 2

Effective Versus Successful

Managerial Activities

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LO 2

Define Organizational Behavior

Organizational behavior (OB) is a field of study

that investigates the impact that individuals,

groups, and structure have on behavior within

organizations for the purpose of applying such

knowledge toward improving an organization’s

effectiveness.

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LO 2

Complementing Intuition

with Systematic Study .Systematic Study of Behavior

 Behavior generally is predictable if we know how the person perceived the situation and what is important to him or her.

Evidence-Based Management (EBM)  Complements systematic study.  Argues for managers to make decisions based

on evidence. Intuition  Systematic study and EBM add to intuition, or

those “gut feelings” about “why I do what I do” and “what makes others tick.”

 If we make all decisions with intuition or gut instinct, we’re likely working with incomplete information.

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LO 3

Big Data

Background: The use of Big Data for managerial practices is a relatively new area, but one that holds convincing promise.

Current Usage:

The reasons for data analytics include predicting any event, detecting how much risk is incurred at any time, and preventing catastrophes.

New Trends:

The use of Big Data for understanding, helping, and managing people is relatively new but holds promise.

Limitations:

Use evidence as much as possible to inform your intuition and experience.

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LO 3

Organizational behavior is an applied behavioral science that is built upon contributions from a number of behavioral disciplines:

 Psychology

 Social psychology

 Sociology

 Anthropology

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Identify the Major Behavioral Science

Disciplines That Contribute to OB

LO 4

Identify the Major Behavioral Science

Disciplines That Contribute to OB LO 4

Identify the Major Behavioral Science

Disciplines That Contribute to OB

Psychology

seeks to measure, explain, and sometimes

change the behavior of humans and other

animals.

Social psychology

blends the concepts of psychology and

sociology.

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LO 4

Sociology

studies people in relation to their social

environment or culture.

Anthropology

is the study of societies to learn about human

beings and their activities.

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Identify the Major Behavioral Science

Disciplines That Contribute to OB

LO 4

Demonstrate Why Few

Absolutes Apply to OB

There are few, if any, simple and universal

principles that explain organizational behavior.

 Contingency variables

situational factors are variables that

moderate the relationship between the

independent and dependent variables.

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LO 5

Identify the Challenges and

Opportunities of OB Concepts

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LO 6

Identify the Challenges and

Opportunities of OB Concepts

 Responding to economic pressure

 In tough economic times, effective

management is an asset.

 In good times, understanding how to

reward, satisfy, and retain employees is at

a premium.

 In bad times, issues like stress, decision

making, and coping come to the forefront.

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LO 6

Identify the Challenges and

Opportunities of OB Concepts

 Responding to globalization

 Increased foreign assignments.

 Working with people from different cultures.

 Overseeing movement of jobs to countries

with low-cost labor.

 Adapting to differing cultural and regulatory

norms.

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LO 6

Identify the Challenges and

Opportunities of OB Concepts

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LO 6

Identify the Challenges and

Opportunities of OB Concepts

 Managing workforce diversity

 Workforce diversity – organizations are

becoming more heterogeneous in terms of

gender, age, race, ethnicity, sexual

orientation, and inclusion of other diverse

groups.

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LO 6

Identify the Challenges and

Opportunities of OB Concepts

 Improving customer service

 Service employees have substantial

interaction with customers.

 Employee attitudes and behavior are

associated with customer satisfaction.

 Need a customer-responsive culture.

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LO 6

Identify the Challenges and

Opportunities of OB Concepts

 Improving people skills

 People skills are essential to managerial

effectiveness.

 OB provides the concepts and theories that

allow managers to predict employee

behavior in given situations.

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LO 6

Identify the Challenges and

Opportunities of OB Concepts

 Working in networked organizations

 Networked organizations are becoming

more pronounced.

 A manager’s job is fundamentally different

in networked organizations.

 Challenges of motivating and leading

“online” require different techniques.

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LO 6

Identify the Challenges and

Opportunities of OB Concepts

 Using social media at work

 Policies on accessing social media at work.

 When, where, and for what purpose.

 Impact of social media on employee well-

being.

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LO 6

Identify the Challenges and

Opportunities of OB Concepts

 Enhancing employee well-being at work

 The creation of the global workforce means work no longer sleeps.

 Communication technology has provided a vehicle for working at any time or any place.

 Employees are working longer hours per week.

 The lifestyles of families have changed — creating conflict.

 Balancing work and life demands now surpasses job security as an employee priority.

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LO 6

Identify the Challenges and

Opportunities of OB Concepts

 Creating a positive work environment

 Positive organizational scholarship is

concerned with how organizations develop

human strength, foster vitality and resilience,

and unlock potential.

 This field of study focuses on employees’

strengths versus their limitations, as

employees share situations in which they

performed at their personal best.

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LO 6

Identify the Challenges and

Opportunities of OB Concepts  Improving ethical behavior

 Ethical dilemmas and ethical choices are

situations in which an individual is required to

define right and wrong conduct.

 Good ethical behavior is not so easily

defined.

 Organizations distribute codes of ethics to

guide employees through ethical dilemmas.

 Managers need to create an ethically healthy

climate.

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LO 6

Three Levels of Analysis in

This Text’s OB Model

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LO 7

Three Levels of Analysis in

This Book’s OB Model

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 Inputs

 Variables like personality,

group structure, and

organizational culture that lead

to processes.

 Group structure, roles, and

team responsibilities are

typically assigned immediately

before or after a group is

formed.

 Organizational structure and

culture change over time.

LO 7

Three Levels of Analysis in

This Book’s OB Model

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 Processes

 If inputs are like the

nouns in organizational

behavior, processes are

like verbs.

 Defined as actions that

individuals, groups, and

organizations engage in

as a result of inputs, and

that lead to certain

outcomes.

LO 7

Three Levels of Analysis in

This Book’s OB Model

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 Outcomes

 Key variables that

you want to explain

or predict, and that

are affected by

some other

variables.

LO 7

Outcome Variables

Attitudes and stress

 Employee attitudes are the evaluations

employees make, ranging from positive to

negative, about objects, people, or events.

 Stress is an unpleasant psychological

process that occurs in response to

environmental pressures.

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LO 7

Outcome Variables

Task performance

 The combination of effectiveness and

efficiency at doing your core job tasks is a

reflection of your level of task performance.

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LO 7

Outcome Variables

Organizational citizenship behavior

 The discretionary behavior that is not part of

an employee’s formal job requirements, and

that contributes to the psychological and

social environment of the workplace, is

called organizational citizenship

behavior.

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LO 7

Outcome Variables

Withdrawal behavior

 Withdrawal behavior is the set of actions

that employees take to separate themselves

from the organization.

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LO 7

Outcome Variables

Group cohesion

 Group cohesion is the extent to which

members of a group support and validate

one another at work.

Group functioning

 Group functioning refers to the quantity

and quality of a group’s work output.

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LO 7

Outcome Variables

Productivity

 An organization is productive if it achieves

its goals by transforming inputs into outputs

at the lowest cost. This requires both

effectiveness and efficiency.

Survival

 The final outcome is organizational

survival, which is simply evidence that the

organization is able to exist and grow over

the long term.

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LO 7

The Plan of the Text

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LO 7

Implications for Managers

Resist the inclination to rely on generalizations;

some provide valid insights into human behavior,

but many are erroneous.

Use metrics and situational variables rather than

“hunches” to explain cause-and-effect

relationships.

Work on your interpersonal skills to increase

your leadership potential.

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Implications for Managers

Improve your technical skills and conceptual

skills through training and staying current with

OB trends like “big data”.

OB can improve your employees’ work quality

and productivity by showing you how to

empower your employees, design and

implement change programs, improve customer

service, and help your employees balance work-

life conflicts.

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