SCaven 3
ROBERTA1234
melvin4e_ch07_ppt.pdf
Contract Enforceability and Performance
!"#$%&'()
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Enforceability
*+&,(-.(%"&(&/&0&,%1(2.(#(32,%'#3%(#'&(0&%4(%"&(32,%'#3%( 051%(1%-//6(
!" #$%&'$%()*+,-&%*.%/$0,10$%233$0&4%20+%
5" #$%10%6)1&10/%,0+$)%-$)&210%-1)-,73&20-$3"%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Genuineness of Assent
! "#$%&%'#()$&')%)#%*+%+(,#$'+&*-+.%)/+%'#()$&')%012)%&-2#% *+%)/+%$+21-)%#,%3+(14(+%&22+()5% ! 6/42%0+&(2%)/&)%,#$%&%'#()$&')%)#%*+%7&-48%&(8%+(,#$'+&*-+.% )/+%-&9%$+:14$+2%)/+%;&$)4+2%)#%/&7+%347+(%3+(14(+%&22+()% #(%)/+%)+$02%#,%)/+%'#()$&')5%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Genuineness of Assent
7-1'&$'&1&,%#%-2, 8 92'(2,&($#'%:(%2(#+2-;(%"&(32,%'#3%( 2,(%"&(<#1-1(2.(0-1'&$'&1&,%#%-2,4(1"&(051%($'2+&6( !" &'$%713)$()$3$0&$+%.2-&%623%72&$)128%10%&'$%2/)$$7$0&4%*)% &'$%.283$%)$()$3$0&2&1*0%3*7$'*6%-'20/$+%&'$%928,$%*.% &'$%-*0&)2-&
5" 3'$%:,3&1.12#8;%)$81$+%*0%&'$%7133&2&$7$0&%6'$0%%.*)710/% 20%2/)$$7$0&%
<" &'$%713)$()$3$0&2&1*0%623%*0$%*.%.2-&%20+%0*&%:,3&% 3*7$*0$=3%*(101*0%*)%7$)$%(,..10/"
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Genuineness of Assent
= 9'#5;5/&,%(7-1'&$'&1&,%#%-2,( > ?'$0%*0$%(2)&;%'23%$0/2/$+%10%-*0+,-&%&'2&%7$$&3%&'$% 3&20+2)+3%.*)%713)$()$3$0&2&1*0%#,&%&'2&%(2)&;%'23%2-&,28% @0*68$+/$%&'2&%&'$%)$()$3$0&2&1*0%13%0*&%&),$
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Genuineness of Assent
= >5'&11( > A.%*0$%(2)&;%&*%2%-*0&)2-&%,3$3%20;%.*)7%*.%,0.21)%-*$)-1*0%&*% 10+,-$%20*&'$)%(2)&;%&*%$0&$)%10&*%*)%7*+1.;%2%-*0&)2-&
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Categories of Duress
?@ A-2/&,3&(2'(%"'&#%1(2.(#(+-2/&,%(#3%( B@ *32,20-3(%"'&#%1(153"(#1(C'2,D.5/(%&'0-,#%-2,(2'( %"'&#%1(%2(<'"(#(32,%'#3%
E@ F"'&#%1(2.(&G%2'%-2,(2'(2%"&'(%"'&#%1(C"&'&<:(%"&( 2%"&'($#'%:("#1(,2(0&#,-,D.5/(3"2-3&@
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Genuineness of Assent
= H,;5&(I,./5&,3&( > B88*63%&'$%10.8,$0-$+%(2)&;%&*%29*1+%2%-*0&)2-&%6'$0%&'$% -*,)&%+$&$)710$3%&'2&%&'$%&$)73%*.%&'$%-*0&)2-&%2)$%,0.21)% 20+%&'$%(2)&1$3%'2+%3*7$%&;($%*.%)$82&1*03'1(%&'2&%109*89$+% 2%.1+,-12);%+,&;%*)%3*7$%+,&;%&*%-2)$%.*)%&'$%10.8,$0-$+% (2)&;" > A7()*($)%()$33,)$%*.%2%&),3&$+%)$82&1*03'1(
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Genuineness of Assent
= H,32,13-2,#<-/-%:( > B%-*0&)2-&%72;%(*&$0&1288;%#$%29*1+$+%*0%&'$%/)*,0+3%&'2&% *0$%(2)&;%3,..$)$+%2%/)*338;%,0.21)%#,)+$0%&'2&%3'*-@3%&'$% *#:$-&19$%-*03-1$0-$"%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Statute of Frauds
= F"&(1%#%5%&(2.(.'#5;1(-1(%"&(/#C(D2+&',-,D(C"-3"( 32,%'#3%1(051%(<&(-,(C'-%-,D(-,(2';&'(%2(<&(&,.2'3&#</&@(
= F"&(1%#%5%&J1($5'$21&(-1(%2($'&+&,%(.'#5;(<:('&K5-'-,D %"#%(3&'%#-,(32,%'#3%1("#+&(C'-%%&,(&+-;&,3&(2.(%"&-'( &G-1%&,3&(#,;(%&'01(-,(2';&'(%2(<&(&,.2'3&#</&@(
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Statute of Frauds
F"&(1%#%5%&(2.(.'#5;1($'-0#'-/:(#$$/-&1(%2(.-+&(%:$&1(2.( 32,%'#3%16 > C*0&)2-&3%&'2&%109*89$%&'$%328$%*.%10&$)$3&%10%820+"% > C*0&)2-&3%&'2&%-200*&%#$%($).*)7$+%10%,0+$)%*0$%;$2)" > C*0&)2-&3%&*%(2;%&'$%+$#&%*.%20*&'$)"% > C*0&)2-&3%72+$%10%-*031+$)2&1*0%*.%72))12/$"% > C*0&)2-&3%.*)%&'$%328$%*.%/**+3%.*)%DEFF%*)%7*)$%20+%8$23$% &)2032-&1*03%.*)%/**+3%27*,0&10/%&*%D!4FFF%*)%7*)$%GHCC% -*0&)2-&3I"%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Interpretation Rules for Written Contracts
= L#'2/(&+-;&,3&('5/& > ()*91+$3%&'2&%20;%6)1&10/%10&$0+$+%#;%&'$%(2)&1$3%&*%#$ &'$%.1028%$J()$331*0%*.%&'$1)%2/)$$7$0&%72;%0*&%#$% -*0&)2+1-&$+%#;%20;%*)28%*)%6)1&&$0%2/)$$7$0&3%72+$%()1*) &*%&'$%6)1&10/" > +*$3%0*&%#2)%2+71331*0%*.%&'$%()$817102);%+*-,7$0&3%6'$0 &'$;%2)$%#$10/%,3$+%&*%+$&$)710$%&'$%7$2010/%&'2&%&'$% (2)&1$3%10&$0+$+%-*0-$)010/%2%(2)&1-,82)%&$)7%10%&'$% -*0&)2-&"
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Interpretation Rules for Written Contracts
= M0<-D5251(%&'01 #'&(32,1%'5&;(<:(%"&(325'%(#D#-,1%( %"&(-,%&'&1%(2.(%"&(1-;&(%"#%(;'#.%&;(%"&(#D'&&0&,%
= !25'%1(0#:(#/12(15$$/:(#(',#</&(%&'0(-,(#( 1-%5#%-2,(C"&'&(%"&(32,%'#3%(-1(1-/&,%(#,;("#1(20-%%&;( %&'01@
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Nature and Effect of Conditions
= L#'%-&1(%2(#,(#D'&&0&,%(120&%-0&1(C-1"(%2(#//23#%&(2'( #;N51%(#($#'%-35/#'('-1O(#1123-#%&;(C-%"($&'.2'0-,D(#( 32,%'#3%@
= F"-1('-1O(#//23#%-2,(-1(%:$-3#//:(#3320$/-1"&;(<:( #%%#3"-,D(120&(&+&,%4(O,2C,(#1(#(32,;-%-2,4(%"#%(051%( 2335'(<&.2'&(#($#'%-35/#'($&'.2'0#,3&(2</-D#%-2,(-1( %'-DD&'&;@ !"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66*
%&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Categories of Conditions
! <#(84)4#(%;$+'+8+()% ! "#$%&%#'$'("'$)*+'$,--*.$/%0,.% 1%.0,.)"#-%$*#2%.$"$-,#'."-'$3+$2*%
! <#(84)4#(%21*2+:1+()% ! "#$%&%#'$'("'$,--*.+$"0'%.$'(%$1%.0,.)"#-%$*#2%.$'(%$-,#'."-' "#2$23+-(".4%+$'(%$1".'3%+5$,/634"'3,#+
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Good Faith Performance and Discharge
= L#'%-&1(#D'&&(2,(%&'01(#,;(%"&($#'%-&1($&'.2'0(%"&( 32,%'#3%5#/(2</-D#%-2,1(-,(D22;(.#-%"(-,(2';&'(%2( 320$/&%&(%"&(32,%'#3%@(
= F"-1(320$/&%-2,(-1(O,2C,(#1(;-13"#'D&4(<&3#51&(<2%"( $#'%-&1("#+&(,2C(P;-13"#'D&;Q(%"&-'(2</-D#%-2,(%2(%"&( 2%"&'(<:($&'.2'0-,D(%"&(#D'&&;85$2,(;5%-&1
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Substantial Performance
= R5<1%#,%-#/($&'.2'0#,3&( > &'$%(2)&;%&);10/%&*%$0.*)-$%&'$%-*0&)2-&%7,3&%3'*6%&'2&%3'$% 2-&$+%10%/**+%.21&'%20+%&'2&%20;%+$912&1*0%.)*7%&'$%)$K,1)$+% ($).*)720-$%623%0*&%72&$)128
= 7#%&'-#/( > )$.$)3%&*%3*7$%+$912&1*0%.)*7%&'$%-*0&)2-&%&'2&%)$3,8&3%10%2% 3,#3&20&128%-'20/$%10%&'$%928,$%*.%&'$ -*0&)2-&%*)%&'2&%-'20/$3%2%.,0+27$0&28%#2313%*.%&'$% 2/)$$7$0& !"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66*
%&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Mutual Consent
! =+2'4224#( ! #%3'(%.$1".'7$("+$0*667$1%.0,.)%28$'(%$1".'3%+$)"7$"4.%%$',$ -"#-%6$'(%$-,#'."-' ! %"-($1".'7$43&%+$*1$.34('+$*#2%.$'(%$-,#'."-'$3# %9-("#4%$0,.$'(%$.%6%"+%$/7$'(%$,'(%.$1".'7$0.,)$1%.0,.)3#4$ '(%3.$,/634"'3,#+
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Mutual Consent
! >''#$8%&(8%2&)42,&')4#(. ! ,#%$1".'7$"4.%%+$',$.%#2%.$"$+*/+'3'*'%$1%.0,.)"#-%$3#$'(%$ 0*'*.%$:;#,<#$"+$"--,.2=8$"#2$'(%$,'(%.$1".'7$1.,)3+%+$',$ "--%1'$'("'$+*/+'3'*'%$1%.0,.)"#-%$3#$23+-(".4%$,0$'(%$%93+'3#4$ 1%.0,.)"#-%$,/634"'3,#>$
! ?('+%)/+%21*2)4)1)+%;+$,#$0&('+%/&2%*++(%$+(8+$+8.%)/42% &')2%&2%&%2&)42,&')4#(%#,%)/+%#*-43&)4#(5%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Mutual Consent
= R5<1%-%5%&(#D'&&0&,%( > /$0$)288;%,3$+%&*%-*7()*713$%6'$0%&6*%(2)&1$3%'29$%2% +13(,&$%23%&*%($).*)720-$%*.%&'$%-*0&)2-&%20+%613'%&*% 27$0+%1&3%&$)73"% > 177$+12&$8;%+13-'2)/$3%20;%*#81/2&1*03%,0+$)%&'$ *)1/1028%-*0&)2-&"%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Mutual Consent
= S2+#%-2, > 2%@10+%*.%3,#3&1&,&$%2/)$$7$0&%&'2&%109*89$3%2%3,#3&1&,&$% &'1)+%(2)&;%)2&'$)%&'20%2%3,#3&1&,&$%()*713$ > )$9*@$3%20+%+13-'2)/$3%288%*.%&'$%)$(82-$+%(2)&;=3% *#81/2&1*03%,0+$)%&'$%*8+%-*0&)2-&"%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Operation of Law
= I0$211-<-/-%: = I0$'#3%-3#<-/-%: = 9'51%'#%-2,(2.($5'$21&@
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Impossibility
= I0$211-<-/-%: > B.&$)%&'$%(2)&1$3%'29$%$0&$)$+%20%2/)$$7$0&4%&'$% -*0&$7(82&$+%($).*)720-$%*.%&'$%*#81/2&1*03%72;%#$-*7$% 17(*331#8$%20+4%&'$)$.*)$4%72;%#$%3,#:$-&%&*%+13-'2)/$"% > 7,3&%#$%*#:$-&19$
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Impossibility
751%(.-%(-,%2(2,&(2.(.25'(-,%&'+&,-,D(&+&,%1 ?@ >&1%'53%-2,(2.(%"&(15<N&3%(0#%%&'6 B@ >&#%"(2'(-,3#$#3-%#%-2,(2.(2,&(2.(%"&($#'%-&1(%2(%"&( 32,%'#3%
E@ F"&(0&#,1(2.($&'.2'0#,3&(32,%&0$/#%&;(-,(%"&( 32,%'#3%(3#,,2%(<&($&'.2'0&;
T@ L&'.2'0#,3&(2.(%"&(2</-D#%-2,("#1(<&320&(-//&D#/( 15<1&K5&,%(%2(%"&(32,%'#3%(<5%($'-2'(%2($&'.2'0#,3&
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Impracticability
= 92'(#(32,%'#3%(%2(<&(;-13"#'D&;(5,;&'(-0$'#3%-3#<-/-%:4( %"&(<5';&,(051%(<&(5,.2'&1&&#</&(#,; &G%'&0&(-,( %&'01(2.(321%@
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Frustration of Purpose
"$12)$&)4#(%#,%;1$;#2+%0&@%*+%12+8%)#%842'/&$3+%&(% #*-43&)4#(%4,.%&,)+$%)/+%;&$)4+2%+()+$%4()#%&(%&3$++0+() !" 2%(2)&;=3%()10-1(28%(,)(*3$%13%3,#3&20&1288;%.),3&)2&$+%61&'*,&% '$)%.2,8&%
5" 3*7$%$9$0&%*--,)34%6'$0%&'$%0*0*--,))$0-$%*.%&'$%$9$0&% 623%2%-$0&)28%233,7(&1*0%*.%#*&'%(2)&1$3%6'$0%$0&$)10/%10&*% &'$%-*0&)2-&
<" &'$%(2)&1$3%'29$%0*&%*&'$)613$%2/)$$+%*0%6'*%#$2)3%&'$%)13@ *.%3,-'%20%*--,))$0-$"%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Frustration of Purpose
F"&($#'%-&1(0#:(#/12(<&(;-13"#'D&;(%"'25D"(2$&'#%-2,(2.( /#C(C"&,6( ! &%'#()$&')%42%1(4-&)+$&--@%&-)+$+8%*@%&%;&$)@ ! &%'#()$&')%42%21*A+')%)#%$+-4+,%#,%)/+%B&(C$1;)'@%<#8+% ! )/+%2)&)1)+%#,%-404)&)4#(2.%9/+$+%2)&)+%-&9%40;#2+2%&%)40+% -404)%#(%+(,#$'+0+()%#,%'#()$&')%#*-43&)4#(2.%/&2%+D;4$+85
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Breach
= U"&,(#($#'%:(%2(#,(#D'&&0&,%(2C&1(#(;5%:(%2($&'.2'0( #,;(.#-/1(%2(.5/.-//("&'(2</-D#%-2,4(1"&(-1(1#-;(%2("#+&( <'"&; %"&(32,%'#3%@
= F"&($#'%:(%"#%(15..&'&;(%"&(<'"(-1(#/12(&,%-%/&;(%2( 15&(%"&(<'"-,D($#'%:(-,(#,(#%%&0$%(%2('&32+&'( 02,&:(;#0#D&1(V'&0&;-&1W@
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Anticipatory Repudiation
H,;&'(%"&(;23%'-,&(2.(#,%-3-$#%2':('&$5;-#%-2,4 C"&,(2,&( $#'%:(51&1(5,&K5-+23#/(/#,D5#D&(%2(3#,3&/(#(32,%'#3%( <&.2'&($&'.2'0#,3&(-1(;5&4(%"&(2%"&'(0#:(.-/&(15-%( -00&;-#%&/:@(
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Remedies at Law
= !20$&,1#%2':(>#0#D&1 > B&&$7(&%&*%(,&%&'$%0*0L#)$2-'10/%(2)&;%10%&'$%327$%(*31&1*0% 3'$%6*,8+%'29$%#$$0%10%1.%&'$%*&'$)%(2)&;%'2+%($).*)7$+%23% 2/)$$+ > M,&L*.L(*-@$&%+272/$34%N)*.1&3%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Remedies at Law
= !2,1&K5&,%-#/(>#0#D&1 > C*03$K,$0&128%+272/$3%-*7($032&$%&'$%0*0#)$2-'10/% (2)&;%.*)%.*)$3$$2#8$%10+1)$-&%8*33$3%0*&%-*9$)$+%#;% -*7($032&*);%+272/$3"%
! >(%&33$4+7+8%;&$)@%42%+()4)-+8%)#%$+'#7+$%'#(2+:1+()4&-% 8&0&3+2%4,%)/+%8&0&3+2%&$+%'&12+8%*@%1(4:1+%&(8% ,#$+2++&*-+%'4$'102)&('+2%*+@#(8%)/+%'#()$&')%4)2+-,5% ! E&8-+@%75%B&D+(8&-+
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Remedies at Law
! =+2)4)1)4#(%42%&%$+0+8@%8+243(+8%)#%;$+7+()%1(A12)% +($4'/0+()%#,%#(+%;&$)@%4(%&(%&3$++0+()5
! F(%)/+%+7+()%)/&)%#(+%;&$)@%42%4(%)/+%;$#'+22%#,%;+$,#$04(3% )/+%'#()$&')%&(8%)/+%#)/+$%;&$)@%'#004)2%&%0&)+$4&-% *$+&'/.%)/+%(#(*$+&'/4(3%;&$)@%42%+()4)-+8%)#%$+2'4(8% G'&('+-H%)/+%'#()$&')%&(8%$+'+47+%,&4$%0&$C+)%7&-1+%,#$%&(@% 2+$74'+2%$+(8+$+85%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Remedies at Law
= X-K5-;#%&;(>#0#D&1 > O272/$3%&'2&%&'$%(2)&1$3%2/)$$%&*%2'$2+%*.%&17$"% > O272/$3%-200*&%#$%$J-$3319$%3*%23%&*%($0281P$%&'$% #)$2-'10/%(2)&;"%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Equitable Remedies
= R$&3-.-3(L&'.2'0#,3& > Q$7$+;%6'$)$#;%2%-*,)&%*)+$)3%&'$%#)$2-'10/%(2)&;%&*% )$0+$)%&'$%()*713$+%($).*)720-$%#;%*)+$)10/%&'$%(2)&;%&*% &2@$%2%3($-1.1-%2-&1*0"% > B92182#8$%*08;%6'$0%&'$%3,#:$-&%72&&$)%*.%&'$%-*0&)2-&%13% 3,..1-1$0&8;%,01K,$ 3*%&'2&%7*0$;%+272/$3%2)$%102+$K,2&$"%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Equitable Remedies
= I,N5,3%-+&(Y&/-&. > B%-*,)&%*)+$)%&*%)$.)210%.)*7%($).*)710/%2%(2)&1-,82)%2-&%
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Equitable Remedies
= Y&.2'0#%-2, > ?'$0%&'$%(2)&1$3%'29$%17($).$-&8;%$J()$33$+%&'$1)% 2/)$$7$0&%20+%&'13%17($).$-&1*0%)$3,8&3%10%2%+13(,&$4%2% -*,)&%72;%-'20/$%&'$%-*0&)2-&%#;%)$6)1&10/%1&%&*%-*0.*)7%&*% &'$%(2)&1$3=%2-&,28%10&$0&1*03"
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Mitigation of Damages
= F"&(/#C(-0$21&1(#,(2</-D#%-2,(2,(%"&($#'%-&1(-,(#( 32,%'#3%(%2(%#O&(#$$'2$'-#%&(1%&$1(%2(#+2-;(-,35''-,D( ;#0#D&1(#,;(/211&1@(
= F"&('5/&($'&+&,%-,D('&32+&':(.2'(',#</:(#+2-;#</&( ;#0#D&1(-1(2.%&,(3#//&;(%"&(;5%:(%2 0-%-D#%&@
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Clean Hands
= !/&#,("#,;14(#1(#$$/-&;(%2(32,%'#3%(&,.2'3&0&,%4( '&K5-'&1(%"#%(%"&($#'%:(1"2C(%"#%(-%("#;(,2(.#5/%(-,(%"&( <'"-,D(2.(%"&(32,%'#3%(#,;(%"#%(-%(C#1('&#;:4(C-//-,D4( #,;(#</&(%2($&'.2'0(-%1('&K5-'&;(2</-D#%-2,1(5,;&'(%"&( 32,%'#3%@(
= F"-1('&#;-,&11(%2($&'.2'0(-1(3#//&;(%&,;&'(2.( $&'.2'0#,3&@
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Assignment
= M11-D,0&,% > 2%&)203.$)%*.%-,))$0&%)1/'&3%G0*&%.,&,)$%)1/'&3I%,0+$)%2% -*0&)2-&%#;%*0$%(2)&;%10%2%-*0&)2-&%&*%2%&'1)+%(2)&;"
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Delegation
= L#'%-&1(%2(#(32,%'#3%(0#:(#/12(15<1%-%5%&(#,2%"&'($#'%:( %2($&'.2'0(#,:(;5%-&1(2C&;(5,;&'(%"&(#D'&&0&,%@(
= M(;&/&D#%-2,(-1(#(%'#,1.&'(2.(35''&,%(;5%-&1(2C&;(<:( 2,&($#'%:(5,;&'(#(32,%'#3%(%2(#(%"-';($#'%:@
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
Third-Party Beneficiaries
= I,(#,(#11-D,0&,%(2'(;&/&D#%-2,4(%"&(%"-';($#'%:J1('-D"%1( 2335'(#.%&'(%"&(.2'0#%-2,(2.(%"&(32,%'#3%@( = Z2C&+&'4(120&%-0&1(#($#'%:(0#:(.2'0(#(32,%'#3%(%2( <&,&.-%(,2%("&'1&/.4(<5%(#(%"-';($&'12,@( = I,(%"-1(3#1&4(%"#%($&'12,4(3#//&;(%"&(%"-';8$#'%:( <&,&.-3-#':4(<&320&1(#($#'%:(%2(%"&(32,%'#3%(#,;( 3&'%#-,('-D"%1(#'-1&(%2($'2%&3%(%"&(%"-';($#'%:@ = I,%&,;&;4(-,3-;&,%#/(<&,&.-3-#'-&1
!"#$%&'()*+*,-,.*/01%2345&66*78902)&":;*<66* %&'()=*%>=>%?>8;*@"*%>#%"890)&":*"%*8&=)%&A9)&":* 3&)("9)*)(>*#%&"%*3%&))>:*0":=>:)*"B*/01%234
5&66*78902)&":
