Report of Research Project (10,000 words)
drshr1khe 
MBAMajorProjectLecture2_2020-21_Version2.pptMBA Major Project Lecture 2
Chapter 3- Results
Chapter 4- Discussion
Conclusions
Dr Senaka Fernando
Ch 3 -Results
Research Questions (example)
What are the major organisational factors leading to motivation of healthcare professionals in healthcare organisations in the deprived areas of Kenya ?
- The flow diagram depicts the flow of information through the different phases of a systematic review.
- It maps out the number of studies identified, included and excluded, and the reasons for exclusions.
PRISMA Flow Diagram
Summary of the Results
| Study | Purpose of the Study | Study Population | Study Design | Quality Appraisal (Score) | Methods of Data Collection and Analysis | Key Findings related to my research question |
| Palmer I and Pearson D (2015) | Investigate factors influencing motivation and retention of healthcare employees at primary health care facilities in three different settings in Kenya | Doctors, Nurses, Healthcare Administration staff | Qualitative | 4 | In-depth Interviews and Focus Group interviews Thematic Analysis | The organisational factors that contribute to the motivation of doctors in deprived areas of Kenya include adequate supervision and support from line managers, and adequate opportunities for professional development |
- The key findings in the table should be elaborated
- Write a couple of paragraphs on the key findings in each study (e.g. Palmer L and Pearson D 2015)
Results
Results –Presenting Results Thematically
Begin with detailed inspection of the key findings related to your research question in the papers, gradually identifying recurring themes
A theme represents a level of patterned response or meaning from the data that is related to the research questions at hand.
(Thematic Analysis)
Results - Presenting Results Thematically
Then generate initial themes that help to explain the phenomena being study (e.g. major organisational factors leading to motivation of healthcare professionals in healthcare organisations in the deprived areas of Kenya ) comparing them with theoretical constructs (i.e. Literature) developed in the papers
(Thematic Analysis)
Labelling the theme(Example)
| Your Label | Researchers’ labels |
| Not enough necessary equipment (Jones 2018) | |
| Quality of working life | Old Buildings (Judge 2017) |
| High noise level (Jenkins 2015) | |
| Over crowded wards (Janda 2016) | |
| Not enough doctors (Guest 2019) |
Developing Initial Themes (Example)
Describe data in qualitative terms
| Initial Themes | Studies included in your review |
| Quality of leadership of the line manager | David (2013), Alison (2008), Davidson (2012) , Palmer and Pearson (2015), Boyne and Boyle(2019), Branch (2015) |
| Job Design and Role Development | Smith (2014), Parker (2008), Newton and Kelly (2014), Palmer and Pearson (2015) |
| Quality of Working Life | Jones (2018), Judge (2017), Jenkins (2015), Janda (2016), Guest (2019) |
- In analysis you need to discuss these themes referring to the studies.
Example:
Seven studies described insufficient training as a barrier to case management (Bamford et al 2014; Eack et al 2009;....)
Describing the themes
- Use research participants’ quotations (in the studies selected for your review) to enrich your description
Example: Research area- women leadership in surgery
Theme-Work-family conflict
“Women are not treated equally. We cannot have children during training. The strong women finish, but it is difficult and involves great sacrifice”
Describing the themes
- Here you synthesise key themes to answer the research question
Chapter 4-Discussion
- What are the major organisational factors leading to motivation of healthcare professionals in healthcare organisations in the deprived areas of Kenya ?
Example Research Question
Results - Presenting Results Thematically
Combine initial themes into overarching themes that accurately depict the data. It is important in developing themes that you describe exactly what the themes mean,
(Thematic Analysis)
Results –Data Synthesis – Final Themes (need to revisit theory as well)
| Initial Themes | Final Themes |
| Achievement | |
| Recognition of contribution | Non Financial Rewards |
| Scope to use the developed skills | |
| Training | |
| Quality leadership of the line manager | Leadership Skills of the line manager |
| Job design | |
| Meaningful work | Work Environment |
| Quality of working life |
Chapter 4-Discussion –Answers
This section is very important as well. You interpret the data
Research Question :
What are the organisational factors leading to
motivation of employees in healthcare sector in the deprived areas of Kenya ?
Answer 1: Sound Reward Management Strategy
Answer 2: Displaying Appropriate leadership behaviours by line managers
Answer 3: Improving Work Environment
Here you synthesise key themes to answer the research question
Your argument can be enriched by drawing on literature from other sources (i.e. Sources which were not included in the review )
Answer 2: Displaying Appropriate leadership behaviours by managers
- This review reveals that the line managers’ leadership skills as an important organisational factor that contribute to the motivation of healthcare professionals in deprived areas of Kenya (David 2013, Alison 2008, Davidson 2012). The leadership skills of the manager serve as a starting point for determining healthcare professionals’ motivation(David 2013). The results suggest that since healthcare professionals in deprived areas already face some level of frustration, it is important that managers demonstrate sound leadership qualities, especially developing trustworthy relationship with clinical staff (Alison 2008, Davidson 2012). Here, this review highlights the importance of displaying transformational leadership styles by the managers to energise and inspire healthcare professionals in order to change their current way of doing things (Davidson 2012). The research on employee motivation supports this argument as the leadership…… (Henry 2018).
Discussion (Answering the research Question) –Example
From your Review
Not from your review
Conclusions
Summary –Key points
Strengths of your study
Limitations of your study
Future research
Structure of The Major Project
- Chapter 1 - Introduction An explanation as to what the Major Project is all about and why it is important by critically analysing what other researchers have said and where your topic fits in. As a result this chapter should include back ground literature review that shows awareness of the most and relevant theories, models, and empirical studies relevant to your topic area. Your research questions should be derived from this background literature review.
- Chapter 2 - Methods Why certain data was collected and how it was collected and analysed. Aim to provide support for your choice of methodos. This can be done on the basis of using academic references or referring to previous work that also used a methodos similar to your own.
Structure of The Major Project
- Chapter 3 – Results- A presentation of your research results and themes .
- Chapter 4 – Discussion. Discussion using final themes , answering the research questions
- Chapter 6 - Conclusions A description of the main lessons to be learned from the study and what future research could be carried out. In addition, use this as an opportunity to cite any potential limitations that you foresee with your research. Limitations are constraints in your research
- References - References are a detailed list of sources from which information has been obtained and which has been cited in the text.
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Think of the Reader
Make no unreasonable assumptions about your audience
Examiners hate to be made to work hard on trivia
- to understand poorly named sections, disorganised ideas in your work that generate very weak structures and wade through complex sentence structures
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Bibliography
- Fink A (2005), Conducting Research Literature Reviews: From the Internet to Paper, Thousand Oaks, sage
- Dawson K & Ferdig R E (2006) Commentary: Expanding Notion of Acceptable Research Evidence in Educational Technology: a Response to Schrum et al. Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education ,6(1), 133-142
- Singh G , Haddad K M & Chow C W (2007) Are Articles in Top Management Journals Necessarily of Higher Quality? Journal of Management Inquiry, 16(4), 319
- Woods et al (2006), Conducting a Critical Interpretive Synthesis of the literature on access to healthcare by vulnerable groups , BMC Medical Research Methodology , 6;35 pp1-13
