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MarijuanacommonlyknownasCannabis.docx

Legalization of Marijuana

Introduction

Marijuana, commonly known as Cannabis, is a grey-greenish mixture of cannabis Sativa flowers that have been dried. It is a psychoactive drug that is derived from plant species known as Cannabis Indica and Cannabis Sativa. This drug has around five hundred biochemicals and more than eighty Phytocannabinoids that are unique. The legalization of marijuana is a very complex issue in the United States (Ellis et al., 2019, p. 334)

While some states have legalized marijuana, other states have declined to legalize it. Similarly, some people believe that marijuana has some health benefits because of Cannabis-derived medicines. In contrast, other people believe that legalization will increase the number of people who try it, and eventually, such people will get into harder drugs. Therefore, this will put public coffers and the medical system under financial pressure to treat these people when they get themselves into serious problems (Hammond et al., 2020, p. 227)

I chose this topic because the topic of the legalization of marijuana has been complex. Over the last twenty-five years. While the public support for the legalization has dramatically increased, both the local and the state governments have been faced with the challenges of whether to legalize this drug or not. Some research has supported the legalization of marijuana due to some possible benefits, but it has also left some questions on those who are unsure about the legalization. Therefore, the states do vote on the legalization of marijuana in the general election. In 2018 thirty-three state legalized the medical use of marijuana, and around fifteen states decriminalized marijuana possession (Hammond et al., 2020, p. 235)

Literature Review

As of early 2018, most of the united states’ citizens support the legalization of medical Marijuana (Quinnipiac University/Poll 2018). By the end of 2018, two to three people in the United States supported the legalization of recreational Marijuana (McCarthy 2017). Research shows that what could have led to the majority support of marijuana may be due to the positive depiction of this drug, spending a lot of time engaged with media, such as reading newspapers and watching television. This relationship was not observed before, and in the years of 1990, but in recent years it may be the reason for the majority support in the legalization of Cannabis ((Ellis et al., 2019, p. 334)

In addition, research shows that countries and states that have legalized both recreational and medical marijuana are likely to support the legalization at a very high rate. In contrast, states that have not legalized are likely to have minimal support for its legalization. However, exceptions to these trends have been seen where most of the young people support recreational marijuana at a high rate despite the state's policies (Cohn et al. 2017)

Research conducted in Uruguay united states, and El Salvador found out that past use of marijuana is associated with the legalization of marijuana. Similarly, the Australian Drug Strategy Household Survey's analysis found that past use of marijuana or people who have a history of marijuana use support the legalization of recreational Marijuana (Ellis et al.,2019, p. 336).

A sample of people above the age of eighteen years in Houston showed that the past thirty days' use of Cannabis and other drugs could also lead to support the legalization of Marijuana (Ellis et al., 2019, p.337). Another research in the United States also showed that the use of marijuana for the past one month is associated with the legalization of Cannabis among people of all ages (Cohn et al., 2017).

Law and regulation

Over the past two decades, the public policy on marijuana has dramatically shifted in the United States. The state of California was the first to legalize the use of medical marijuana in 1996. After those thirty-two other states have legalized the medical use of marijuana, including the district of Colombia, and eleven more states, have legalized the creational use of Marijuana (FindLaw 2019)

On July 6 2016 the Colombian Congress passed Law 1787, which allows the medical use of marijuana. According to this law, the medical use of Cannabis is legal. While both the recreational and medical use of marijuana is legal in Columbia, there are some restrictions on the use of recreational marijuana. Therefore, according to Law 1787, patients can grow and carry as much as cannabis weed they can use to cure their medical conditions. However, the law [provides that to cultivate, grow or export Marijuana in Colombia, the companies should get permission from the Ministry of Health and Social Protection and the National Council of Narcotic Drugs (CNE). Thus, it means that businesses that want to sell marijuana must have licenses, and the pharmacies cannot sell fresh marijuana but professionally processed Cannabis.

Case law

California v Lee

(People v. Lee, 110 Cal. App. 3d 774, 168 Cal. Rptr. 231 (Ct. App. 1980).

Facts of the case

In 1977 around 3 am, Marcia T arrived at home, changed into her sleeping gown, and read on his bed for almost one hour when she noticed someone standing by her bedroom door. She started screaming, and the defendant grabbed and asked her to shut up because he had a gun and would otherwise shoot her. Instead, the defendant got her to bed and raped her. He inquired whether she had jewelry and money, and she told him where her purse was, which he took when he was leaving. A medical examination revealed that the plaintiff suffered virginal trauma due to the incident.

The jury convicted lee for burglary and rape, and later the court found him to be a disordered sexual offender due to the use of marijuana. He was taken to the state hospital, and after eighteen months, the court found him to be an MDSO who could not benefit from further treatments. Therefore, he was sentenced to six years in prison (people v Lee, 1980)

References

Findlaw (2019). Marijuana Legalization and Decriminalization Overview Retrieved from https://crim-inal.findlaw.com/criminal-charges/marijuana-legalization-and-decriminalization-overview.html

Quinnipiac University/Poll. 2018. Dreamers should stay American voters say 8–1, Quinnipiac university national poll finds; Do not enforce federal pot laws, U.S. voters say 3–1. Accessed April 1, 2018. https://poll.qu.edu/images/polling/us/us01112018_ubn985.pdf/

McCarthy, J. 2017. Record-high support for legalizing mar-ijuana use in U.S. Accessed April 1, 2018. http://news.gallup.com/poll/221018/record-high-support-legalizing-marijuana.aspx

Cohn, A. M., A. L. Johnson, S. W. Rose, J. M. Rath, and A. C. Villanti. 2017. Support for marijuana legalization and predictors of intentions to use marijuana more often in response to legalization among US young adults. Substance Use and Misuse 52 (2):203–13. doi:10.1080/10826084.2016.1223688.

Ellis, J. D., Resko, S. M., Szechy, K., Smith, R., & Early, T. J. (2019). Characteristics associated with attitudes toward marijuana legalization in Michigan. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs51(4), 335-342. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2019.1610199

Hammond, C. J., Chaney, A., Hendrickson, B., & Sharma, P. (2020). Cannabis use among U.S. adolescents in the era of marijuana legalization: A review of changing use patterns, comorbidity, and health correlates. International Review of Psychiatry32(3), 221-234. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540261.2020.1713056