Article Analysis #12- Campaigns, Elections, and Voting
8/14/2018 Many states are purging voters from the rolls - On election day, stay away
https://www.economist.com/united-states/2018/08/11/many-states-are-purging-voters-from-the-rolls 1/4
On election day, stay away
Many states are purging voters from the rolls
Republicans say they’re �ghting fraud. Democrats call it unfair
Print edition | United States Aug 9th 2018 | ATLANTA
IN 1965 President Lyndon Johnson signed the Voting Rights Act. Among other
things, this required places with a history of discriminating against non-white
voters to obtain federal approval before changing the way they conducted elections.
In the ensuing decades it narrowed, and in some cases reversed, racial gaps in
voting. Congress repeatedly reauthorised the Act, most recently in 2006 for 25
years.
But in 2013 the Supreme Court gutted the pre-clearance provision. Since then states
that had been bound by it have purged voters from their rolls at a greater rate than
other states. That is part of a dramatic rise in voter purges in recent years. Many on
8/14/2018 Many states are purging voters from the rolls - On election day, stay away
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the right say such purges and other policies are essential to ensuring electoral
integrity. Others see a darker purpose.
According to a recent report by the Brennan
Centre for Justice, a think-tank and
advocacy group at New York University,
nearly 16m voters were removed from the
rolls between 2014 and 2016. That is almost
4m more than were purged between 2006
and 2008. The increased purging far
exceeds population growth or the growing
number of registered voters.
Not all voters were removed erroneously.
Culling voter rolls of people who have died, moved, or been convicted of a serious
crime keeps them accurate. But Myrna Pérez, one of the report’s authors, says that
in jurisdictions previously covered by the Voting Rights Act’s pre-clearance
provision, there is a statistically signi�cant relationship between districts with
high purge rates and high rates of voting by provisional ballot. That could indicate
bad purges. Improperly purged people are often given provisional ballots when
they try to vote, whereas those who are properly purged seldom try. Between the
presidential elections of 2012 and 2016, districts formerly covered by pre-clearance
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8/14/2018 Many states are purging voters from the rolls - On election day, stay away
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provisions removed more than 9m voters from their rolls. In Georgia, 156 of the
state’s 159 counties saw increases in removal rates.
The report also found that, in the past �ve years, four states have conducted purges
in ways that violate federal standards—for instance, by purging voters too close to
an election and failing to inform voters adequately that they had been removed
from the rolls. Many states seem to have relied on �awed information. Arkansas,
for instance, bars felons who are serving their sentences from voting. But a list of
voters to be purged in June 2016 included more than 4,000 people who had simply
come into contact with the court system because of divorces, misdemeanours and
the like. New York removed hundreds of thousands of voters (more in mostly
Hispanic districts than elsewhere) whom it wrongly believed had moved.
Ms Pérez also noted a rise in lawsuits �led against states by conservative activists
seeking more aggressive purging of the rolls. This pattern, the report says, began in
2008—the year that a multiracial coalition elected America’s �rst black president.
The feds have flipped
Under Barack Obama, the federal government sued states it deemed too
restrictionist. Under President Donald Trump, the Department of Justice has
reversed course. It has backed a strict voter-identi�cation law in Texas which it
previously opposed, and endorsed Ohio’s practice of purging infrequent voters.
Both Texas and Ohio have Republican governors. Republicans have also backed
laws requiring voters to show government-issued photo IDs (which ethnic
minorities and young voters, who tend to vote Democratic, are less likely to have).
They contend that this is essential to stop voter fraud.
Voter-impersonation fraud is vanishingly rare. One study found 31 possible cases
out of more than 1bn votes cast between 2000 and 2014. Yet it has become a
conservative shibboleth. Mr Trump insists, without evidence, that he lost the
popular vote in 2016 only because millions of people voted illegally. He even set up
a commission—run by Kris Kobach, a backer of strict voter-ID laws who might
become Kansas’s next governor—to investigate claims of voter fraud.
The commission lasted less than eight months. Mr Trump disbanded it weeks after
a court ordered it to turn over information to Matt Dunlap, Maine’s secretary of
8/14/2018 Many states are purging voters from the rolls - On election day, stay away
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state, who complained it was keeping information from him and other Democrats
on the commission. Mr Dunlap, who on August 3rd released the documents he had
sought, believes “the whole purpose of the commission, regardless of evidence,
was to validate the president’s assertion that millions of illegal votes were cast”.
Logan Churchwell, a spokesman for the Public Interest Legal Foundation, which
has sued states over voter rolls it claims are inaccurate and whose head served on
the commission, blamed Mr Dunlap for the failure to �nd evidence of voter fraud:
“That’s what happens when you sue something into oblivion.” How a lawsuit for
information six months into the commission’s existence impeded its ability to �nd
evidence of fraud over the previous six months remains unclear, however.
Republicans tend to cast their e�orts to root out fraud as essential to preserving
electoral integrity—a perfectly reasonable goal. But Carol Anderson, a professor at
Emory University in Atlanta and author of a forthcoming book about vote-
suppression, says reasonable-sounding aims long justi�ed discriminatory policies;
the poll taxes that blocked black voters, for example, were presented as a race-
neutral safeguard. Running elections costs money, their backers explained, and a
tax was necessary to cover the costs. Ms Anderson contends that Republicans now
want to create disillusionment with the voting process, so that large swathes of the
electorate come to believe it is hopeless. “That’s no way to run a democracy,” she
says.
This article appeared in the United States section of the print edition under the headline "On election day, stay
away"