People and Organization

Vignesh Sivadass

MANG6311-Week4-TeamworkLeadership-Part3-26Oct21-Bbv1.pdf

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Week 4 MANG6311 - ©RameshVahidi - 21-22 1

Week 4

Getting the work done: Control - Inspire ‘Dilemma’

(Teamwork & Leadership - part 3) Dr Ramesh Vahidi [email protected]

26 Oct 2021

Southampton

Business School

MANG6311 Project Management

People & Organizations

Lecture Content

• Project Management

and/or Project Leadership

• Decision Making Styles of

Leaders in Projects

• Emotional Intelligence

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Week 4 MANG6311 - ©RameshVahidi - 21-22 3

Project

Management

Project

Leadership

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1. What are the most important factors in a project's success?

1. Having the right tools & techniques for

managing time, cost and quality.

2. A project manager who knows how to use

the tools and techniques for managing

time, cost and quality.

3. I am not sure.

4. I have a different opinion.

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Recognition of Project Manager’ Role & Significance

Despite the PM’s long history, significance of project managers’ role in project success has been just gradually recognised in the last 2-3 decades!

Obsolete Traditional PM

Beliefs Originated

from Obsession with

Hard Skills/Tools

Week 4 MANG6311 - ©RameshVahidi - 21-22

Omits project managers from the project success factors: Focuses on selection of the right ‘tools & techniques’ (e.g.: planning, risk assessment, value engineering, etc.)→ project success

Once a project manager learns how to use the tools, (s)he can manage any project: regardless of how and without non-technical skills → project success

Turner et al. (2010)

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Roles of a Project Leader

To:

• Set direction/vision

• Inspire teamwork

• Align employees

• Motivate & support

Roles of a Project Manager

To:

• Plan and budget

• Organize work groups

• Staff

• Control

• Monitor

Task-Oriented Relation-Oriented

Task/Relation Oriented

Managing vs. Leading: Roles

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How far is Leadership integrated in some PM literature?

Project Management

“The application of processes, methods, knowledge, skills and experience to achieve specific objectives for change.”

(APM, 2019, p.214)

Spot the similarities, differences and coherence?

Leadership

“The ability to establish vision and direction, to influence and align others towards a common purpose, and to empower and inspire people to achieve success.”

(APM, 2012, p.213)

Despite research on Leadership in PM (e.g. by Turner, Ralf Müller,

Crawford, …) and existence of good project leaders in industry …

Leadership as Partnership

1. Exchange of purpose. Shared responsibility, joint definition the vision and goals, continued dialogue.

2. A right to say no. Creating an environment for critical discussions (agree or disagree); recognising and supporting right to voice concerns is a cornerstone of partnership; project is not a battle for winning or losing! Psychological safety, no judgment, no attacks, no cornering!

3. Joint accountability. Each member responsible for the project’s outcomes and the current situation, positive or negative!

4. Absolute honesty. An authentic atmosphere values, respects and promotes honest and transparent talks; lets people be authentic.

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Week 4 MANG6311 - ©RameshVahidi - 21-22 9(Pinto, 2019, p.144-145)

Managing vs. Leading: Approaches

Private Study: Read also more from Pinto

Read!

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Managing vs. Leading: Focus

Leader Manager

Vision

Selling what and why

Longer range

People

Democracy

Enabling

Developing

Challenging

Originating

Innovating

Directing

Policy

Flexibility

Risk (opportunity)

Top line

Objectives

Telling how and when

Shorter range

Organization and

structure

Autocracy

Restraining

Maintaining

Conforming

Imitating

Administrating

Controlling

Procedures

Consistency

Risk (avoidance)

Bottom line

Doing

the

right

thing

Doing

things

right

Verma (1995, p.145)

volume 3

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Pinto’s (2019) selection of Leadership definition:

“For the project manager, leadership

is the process by which

she influences the project team to get the job done!”

(Pinto, 2019, p144)

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2. In your opinion: what was the most important difference between a project manager and a project leader?

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Autocratic Information

seeking Consulting Negotiating

Group (Delegating)

Decision Making Styles: Vroom and Yetton’s Decision Model

Week 4 MANG6311 - ©RameshVahidi - 21-22 Boddy (2014, p.225)

A Major Development in General and

PM Leadership Studies

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“Emotional intelligence refers to leaders’ ability

to understand that effective leadership is part

of the emotional and relational transaction

between subordinates and themselves.”

Pinto (2019, p.151)

Must Read

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• Most effective leadership skills are not related to technical prowess, native analytical ability, or IQ.

More important: • Self-management skills, as reflected in self-

awareness, self-regulation, and motivation and

• Relationship management skills, shown through our empathy and social abilities.

• Good appreciation of role of leadership behaviours in effective project management → better ways of promoting our projects through leadership (Goleman, 1998)

Emotional Intelligence: Emotional response to situations

(Based on Pinto, 2019, p.151)

Do not copy/paste

from the slides! D

+/-

*Think before acting!!

1)Self 2) Others

• Friendliness with purpose

• Persuasion • Desirable purpose

• Recognize personal differences

• Consider others’ feelings → informed decision

Emotional Intelligence: Traits

One major issue

currently!

(Pinto, 2013)

PMI Example: Control-freak!

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3. Which one of the 5 EI traits

seem most challenging to

develop or to have?

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In the meantime …

Some simplistic/shallow (specially) non-academic PM books, blogs, courses,

etc.

Examples of

PM’s Success

Non-valid

Sources

Examples of

PM’s Success

Non-valid

Sources

Successful leadership and teamwork could not happen or to be learned over night, with a formula, check list or even only a classroom and an exam … it takes time, learning, reading, patience, practice, experience, REFLECTION, …

It is also not only about control, task and outcome … but basically through making healthy work relations and effective human connections for successful delivery of the tasks. (RV)

Examples of

PM’s Success

Non-valid

Sources

Be careful with the

literature you read

… reflect, evaluate,

learn, criticise

when necessary!

Do not use such sources. You could read critically though if you wish and

have extra time for such material!

Videos to watch

How to keep your team motivated

• Keywords: Result of an empirical study; Team

Contract; Effective Collaboration, Social Loafing,

Team Motivation:

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H9LSopkLbpw

Cultivating Collaboration: Don't Be So Defensive! | Jim

Tamm | TEDxSantaCruz

• Keywords: Chicken collaboration, defensiveness,

conflict, green/red zone, team behaviour, action

plan

• Https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vjSTNv4gyMM

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H9LSopkLbpw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vjSTNv4gyMM

References and Some Further Readings

Dulewicz V, Higgs MJ. (2004) Assessing leadership styles and organisational context. Journal of Managerial Psycholog, 20 (2), pp.105-123.

Mu¨ ller, R. & Turner, R. (2007) Matching the project manager’s leadership style to

project type. International Journal of Project Management. 25, pp. 21–32.

Pinto, J.K. (2019) Project Management, Achieving Competitive Advantage. 5th ed.

Turner, R. (2003). People in Project Management. Abingdon, Oxon, GBR: Gower

Publishing Limited,. p14.

Turner, R., Huemann, M. Anbari, F., Bredillet, C. (2010). Perspectives on Projects.

Routledge.