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ManagingSafetyandHealth1.pptx

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Presented by:

Dr. Rodgers

Objectives

Describe the safety and health management program to include elements, job roles, and steps to

set up a program.

Discuss elements of a safety and health management program

Explain benefits of a management/ employee team approach

Conduct a job/task hazard analysis

Present analysis to class

Fatality and Injury

Workplace fatalities reduced by more than 65 % since 1970

38 deaths/day in 1970 to 13/day in 2010

13,870 deaths vs. 4,960 deaths

Occupational injury and illness rates have declined by 67% while U.S. employment has almost doubled

Worker injuries and illnesses are down from 10.9 incidents per 100 workers in 1972 to fewer than 4 per 100 in 2010.

You can supplement with some state, local or, company statistics. This slide could be updated annually.

Safety and Health Management

Accidents and Near Misses

Accidents

Fatal Facts

FACE Reports

Weekly Fatality Reports

Company Records

Personal experience

Near Misses

Personal experience

Instructor should discuss each as a source of information and use an example or two appropriate for each discipline – especially one that a cause was no plan or, no training although, you can make the case for that as a problem for any accident. Near Misses - Instructor will have to draw on personal experience. Near misses are just as important to hazard analysis. Stress that just because no accident does not mean that the causes of accidents (hazards) are absent. May be able to get some near misses from company being trained.

Causes/Case Studies

Use one relevant cast study from OSHA’s Fatal Facts

Depending on the industry you may be able to use OSHA Fatal Facts:

http://search.usa.gov/search?affiliate=usdoloshapublicwebsite&query=fatal+facts+accidents or you may have your own. Try MSHA web site, http://www.msha.gov/ or the U.S. Chemical Safety Board http://www.csb.gov/investigations/default.aspx.

Safety Pays

This is one graph from the “White paper” on the I2P2 topic page – OSHA http://www.osha.gov/dsg/topics/safetyhealth/OSHAwhite-paper-january2012sm.pdf

Safety Pays

Cost to Company – bottom line

https://www.osha.gov/dcsp/smallbusiness/safetypays/estimator.html

On this slide instructor should discuss, get students to point out how accidents & incidents make them feel. Bring out injury & death effect on them, family, fellow workers. Effects morale and therefore production. Lost time for worker, replacement, investigation, this leads to how much it costs both direct & indirect costs. Now hit link, if have internet or, use the slides that follow. Calculate cost for some discipline specific accidents. You can present those numbers after showing them the sample.

Safety Pays Data

Safety Pays Basic Estimator

This is the basic look of the estimator.

Quick discussion of what information you can get and how it is calculated. What does direct & indirect cost mean. What would be the advantage of showing this type of information. Let employees know just what it costs the company, reinforces need and consequences for managers present. Further, increases needed in sales or costs which makes the product more expensive which means cost controls of some sort to offset the expense. Could impact your job.

Safety Pays User Friendly

Sample illness/injury type:

Amputation

Black lung

Fracture

Inflammation

Strain

*many more

Drop down menu

for illness/injury type

Profit margin %

# of incidents

Safety Pays Utilization

This it the % of profit

1. Once the illness/injury type is selected from the drop-down menu, the actual cost is entered

or 2. the profit % , 3. followed by the number of incidents for a given period of time-press Add/Calculate.

Safety and Health Management Program

What is a S & H Management Program?

The S&H Management Program is the employer’s method for preventing injuries and illnesses to employees

Will have answer fade in later, first is brief discussion with students to get the answer from them. No more than 2 minutes

What Makes Up Such a Program?

Identify the hazards

Control or prevent the hazards

Identify potential hazards

Teach employees to do all of the above

Draw these out of the students before fading them in. Then briefly talk about using a formal procedure to accomplish these. Relate to planning a building or a process. Before they start they will work out procedures. No more than 2 to 3 minutes. This segues into next slide which is the formal procedure.

Safety & Health Program Elements

OSHA’s Voluntary Protection Program and the OSHA Challenge Program have several success stories of companies implementing Safety & Health Management Systems.

http://www.osha.gov/dcsp/vpp/success_stories.html

http://www.osha.gov/dcsp/vpp/challenge/challenge_success_stories.html

Safety & Health Management Program Guidelines

Safety & Health Training

Management Commitment & Employee Involvement

Worksite Analysis

Hazard Prevention and Control

Develop and communicate a safety and health policy to all employees.

Demonstrate management commitment by:

instilling accountability for safety and health,

obeying safety rules and reviewing accident reports.

Other

Conduct regular safety and health meetings involving employees, managers and supervisors.

Assign responsible person(s) to coordinate safety and health activities and provide resources to accomplish the program goals..

Integrate safety and health into business practices (e.g., purchases, contracts, design and development).

Involve employees in safety and health related activities (e.g., self-inspections, accident investigations and developing safe practices).

Recognize employees for safe and healthful work practices.

Management Commitment and Employee Involvement

Spend a couple of minutes trying to pull some of these points out of the students then fly in the group and review. Try to mention their points with these and/or add their points. Flip chart nice, not necessary. Give them the OSHA Fact sheet Effective Workplace Safety and Health Management Systems after the next 6 slides. Tell them to participate they will have a handout after this.

Evaluate all workplace activities and processes for Safety & Health hazards.

Reevaluate workplace activities when there are changes in:

Processes or worksite

Materials

Machinery

Conduct on-site inspections, identify hazards and take corrective actions.

Provide a hazard reporting system for employees to report unsafe and unhealthful conditions.

Investigate all accidents and near misses to determine their root causes.

Worksite Analysis

Spend a couple of minutes trying to pull these points out of the students then fly in the group and review. Try to mention their points with these and/or add their points. Flip chart nice, not necessary.

Hierarchy of Controls

Hazard Prevention and Control

Engineering

Administrative

PPE

Eliminate and control workplace hazards (e.g., engineering controls, workstation design and work practices).

Establish a preventive maintenance program.

Keep employees informed of safety and health activities and conditions.

Plan for emergencies (e.g., create an evacuation plan, train employees and conduct fire drills).

Record and analyze occupational injuries and illnesses near misses/hits.

Hazard Prevention and Control

Spend a couple of minutes trying to pull these points out of the students then fly in the group and review quickly. Try to mention their points with these and/or add their points. Flip chart nice, not necessary.

Hazard Prevention and Control

Engineering meaning

Administrative meaning

PPE meaning

Work thru it by pulling from students. Best way to get rid of a hazard?, what does each one mean? Fly in one at a time. Try to mention their points with these and/or add their points. Flip chart nice, not necessary. Advantage and disadvantages?

Safety and Health Training

Train!

Safety & Health Training

Provide training on specific safe work practices before an employee begins work.

Provide additional training for new work processes and when accidents and near misses/hit occur.

Provide refresher training on a routine basis.

Ask students when should training be done? Fly in after they have expressed opinion and review quickly. Try to mention their points with these and/or add their points. Flip chart nice, not necessary.

Think back to “Intro to OSHA” module and the origin of the regulations. It follows the S&H Management Guidelines:

Why OSHA exists. OSHA Mission. Why is regulation development necessary?

The regulations are really grouped by hazards and work settings and each works thru ID of specific hazards.

Most regulations provide programs to address the hazards.

Who benefits from safety and health management program development?

Many employers fail to incorporate sustainable, effective, comprehensive safety and health management.

Many regulations specify some sort of training

Think Tank

Kind of “justifies” or makes the regs seem more useful/procedural than punitive, puts things in an assistance perspective. Management commitment & Employee Involvement, Hazard ID, Hazard Control, Training. After this Hand out - Effective Workplace Safety and Health Management Systems - https://www.osha.gov/OshDoc/data_General_Facts/vol_safetyhealth_mngt_.pdf

Worksite Analysis

Team approach

Management/Safety Manager

Line Supervisor/Forman

Employees

Why?

You now set up the teams to conduct a JSA. Discuss team approach with students. What does having Management, Supervisor and Workers on the team provide? Have them set up teams. You can do 3 person teams, separate safety & manager if need 4 (not really realistic) can add one or two more as a work crew instead of a single worker. Do not want much bigger than 5 or 6. Safety Manager should moderate the “meeting”. You can assign positions or let students pick their own but, I find assigning usually works better. Establish the teams before you proceed.

Worksite Analysis

Set area to be analyzed

How do you start?

What do you do?

What do you look for?

Discuss with students. You are providing some guidance as to how they should proceed. Perhaps collecting old data, etc. break it down into manageable bits, remember you will have to reintegrate later to see if individual jobs proximity will create its own hazards.

Worksite Analysis

Information

Recordkeeping

Accident & Near Miss Investigations

Checklists (see handout package)

Walkthrough

Personal knowledge

Future plans

Based on the information above you will settle on a particular area in priority

(most to least hazardous)

Try to pull from student, OSHA 300 Log, Checklists, small business handbook, job hazard analysis book, discuss importance of walkthrough, etc. Pictures – cell phones!!

Worksite Analysis Job/Task Hazard Analysis

Within each hazardous area there may be one or many tasks or jobs going on pick one at a time and analyze:

What is the task?

How is the task done?

Overall flow

Number of people

Individual steps

Hazards with each step

Where can something go wrong?

Changes that may occur that would modify the above?

Here is where you hand out the JSA for Toast. Or you can use another one. Review the sequence – Potential hazards, can they add any?, protection/PPE. Fill in top info on form. Important. You will have a blank form to hand out, or you can use your own. Keep It Simple. They can use the toast JSA as a guide. You can do the form as slides. 1st slide

Worksite Analysis Job/Task Hazard Analysis

MAKE TOAST
Sequence of Basic Job Steps	Potential Hazards	Recommended Action or Procedure

Next slides walk them through the sequence. Step one list the steps. Step 2 Hazards at each step. Step 3 Hazard reduction. Pull some out from students to give them the idea. Then show complete slide.

Worksite Analysis Job/Task Hazard Analysis

MAKE TOAST
Sequence of Basic Job Steps	Potential Hazards	Recommended Action or Procedure
1. Prepare toaster
2. Ensure power supply
3. Ensure sanitary working conditions
4. Retrieve the bread
5. Insert the bread into slot
6. Adjust toast darkness
7. Depress toaster lever
8. Monitor the toasting process
9. Remove toast
10. Serve toast

Step 1

Worksite Analysis Job/Task Hazard Analysis

MAKE TOAST
Sequence of Basic Job Steps	Potential Hazards	Recommended Action or Procedure
1. Prepare toaster	1. Toaster is not readily accessible
2. Ensure power supply	2. Electrical shock
3. Ensure sanitary working conditions	3. Unsanitized hands
4. Retrieve the bread	4. Personal safety & ?
5. Insert the bread into slot	5. Improper bread insertion
6. Adjust toast darkness	6. Overtoasting (burning toast)
7. Depress toaster lever	7. Pinch hazard
8. Monitor the toasting process	8. Burn & fire hazards
9. Remove toast	9. Burn
10. Serve toast	10. Obstacles to the dining table

Step 2

Worksite Analysis Job/Task Hazard Analysis

MAKE TOAST
Sequence of Basic Job Steps	Potential Hazards	Recommended Action or Procedure
1. Prepare toaster	1. Toaster is not readily accessible	1. If necessary: remove cover, place on counter, pull away for obstructions; i.e. away from the sink - away from the wall - not too close to the edge of the counter
2. Ensure power supply	2. Electrical shock	2. If necessary seek technical assistance: ensure dry hands & working surface (dry hands & surface) - inspect the break slots (remove foreign objects) ensure complete connection of the plug into outlet
3. Ensure sanitary working conditions	3. Unsanitized hands	3. Ensure hand washing with appropriate soap & dry completely
4. Retrieve the bread	4. Personal safety & ?	4. Ensure safety work area - proper footing - proper body movement (don't overextend)
5. Insert the bread into slot	5. Improper bread insertion	5. Ensure 1 bread slice per slot - standard/normal break shapes & sizes (sandwich slice only) - use extreme caution when toasting specialty or pastry breads
6. Adjust toast darkness	6. Overtoasting (burning toast)	6. Monitor toasting process
7. Depress toaster lever	7. Pinch hazard	7. Gently depress lever until it locks
8. Monitor the toasting process	8. Burn & fire hazards	8. Burn hazards - do not touch the toaster or hold any object over the slots. Fire hazard - do not cover toaster or add anything to the toasting process
9. Remove toast	9. Burn	9. Ensure toast is cool enough to touch (may require waiting)- do not remove with fork/knife
10. Serve toast	10. Obstacles to the dining table	10. Care should be used for moving to the eating area

Step 3

Worksite Analysis

Evaluate all workplace activities and processes for hazards.

Reevaluate workplace activities when there are changes in:

Processes

Materials

Machinery

Conduct on-site inspections, identify hazards and take corrective actions.

Provide a hazard reporting system for employees to report unsafe and unhealthful conditions.

Investigate all accidents and near misses to determine their root causes.

Spend a couple of minutes trying to pull these points out of the students then fly in the group. Discuss how many of these reinforce the management commitment part of the program.

Worksite Analysis Job/Task Hazard Analysis

Teams

Safety

Supervisor

Employee

Handout package

Exercise

Depending on class composition, you may want to briefly discuss what the duties of each are e.g. Safety, Supervisor, worker. Have them tell you what they think and guide from there. Give them the blank JSA form. Run through the job slides (discipline specific) for the JSA exercise. Instructor package will also have a matching JSA. Give them a set of pictures to work from as well. You can use site specific materials as well. That would be better but, not always possible.

Worksite Analysis Job/Task Hazard Analysis

Team report (presentation to class) will consist of:

List of the job steps

List H & S hazards at each step

Provide recommendations to make that step safe

Any other recommendations (e.g. engineering, work practice, etc.)

Team will develop a job safety checklist

Depends on time. Have each team present their report completely, maybe you can have each team present 1 column (depends on how close their JSAs are). You can get an idea while you are walking around. Ask for additions, etc.

Hazard Prevention & Control

Eliminate and control workplace hazards (e.g., engineering controls, workstation design and work practices).

Establish a preventive maintenance program.

Keep employees informed of safety and health activities and conditions.

Plan for emergencies (e.g., create an evacuation plan, train employees and conduct fire drills).

Record and analyze occupational injuries and illnesses.

Spend a couple of minutes trying to pull these points out of the students then fly in the group. Should be easy after they have finished the exercise. However these next 3 slides could be put before they do the exercise, depending on the experience of the class.

Hazard Prevention & Control

Provide training on specific safe work practices before an employee begins work

Provide additional training for new work processes and when accidents and near misses occur

Provide refresher training on a routine basis

Ask students what training is needed, then fly these in. Ask students if there are any others.

Summary/Recap

Think back to intro to Intro to OSHA module and the regulations. It follows the S&H Management Guidelines:

Why OSHA is there. OSHA Mission

The regulations are really grouped by hazards and each works thru ID of specific hazards.

Most provide programs to address the hazards

Many specify some sort of training

What is YOUR role in the safety and health management system?

Use first 4 to review entire presentation. Then 5th bullet point fades in use to discuss, audience must also take on responsibility for safety & health.