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Core-peripheries in South Korea

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Core-peripheries in South Korea

Introduction

            By definition, core-periphery is a concept that was postulated by Friedman in the year 1966 and other scholars which primarily describes and explains uneven development process whereby primary core areas of the country hold educational, economic, political, social power and source their primary raw materials from the periphery (In Westwood, 2014). Additionally, peripheral areas depend on the livelihood of the core areas which in most cases have weaker political influence, lower economies, lower educational levels, and lower innovation rates. Most of the Asian countries are peripheral countries excluding South Korea and Japan. In south-Korea for instance, the demilitarized zone that exists between the South and North Korea represent the physical division between the periphery and the core (In Westwood, 2014). This report will, therefore, describe and identify different maps that depict core-peripheral regions in South Korea and across the continent, it will show country maps that are showing the separation and relationship between core-periphery areas in South Korea, it will discuss the reason the core areas have succeeded and the justification of the country maps that were selected.

Justification of a countries map

            This map was chosen because of its depiction of the South Korean economic progression from a peripheral agrarian economy. In other words, it characterizes the modern world economy that is fundamentally characterized by the disparities that exist in the periphery and the core areas in South Korea the capitalism (In Westwood, 2014). In simple terms, the way this map was drawn clearly typifies the division of labor existing between the semi-periphery and the core states as well as the endless accumulation of capital between the core-periphery areas in South Korea (In Westwood, 2014). Additionally, the degree of profitability as far as the production process is concerned apparently makes up the difference that exists between the core, periphery, and semi-periphery areas. In this case, the core areas of South Korea features practical and advanced economic activities such that their production processes are controlled by quasi-monopolies which make them more competitive (In Westwood, 2014). Moreover, semi-peripheral areas are in most cases economically mixed. According to some scholars, it is clear that, in a system that is attributed to endless capital accumulation and division of labor, the result is basically to exchange of products and goods in unequal proportion where peripheral states and areas exchange faulty products.

Discussion

            In South Korea as compared to other Asian countries, there were no cases of collusion. For example, in government relations that occurred with the conglomerates business of Cheobols, what is commonly known as a statist developmental paradigm was employed as an essential element of the South Korean business relations (Clark & Indiana University, Bloomington 2007). In other words, during its developmental stage, the state macroeconomic policy worked to the benefit of national businesses while on the other hand the economic benefits remained confined within the borders of South Korea. Other Asian countries, therefore, acted as the main source of raw materials for South Korea (In Westwood, 2014). Additionally, the state of South Korea imposed strict and adequate nationalistic policies that were free from in nationalistic influences such that it exercised control on the flow of the investment funds to effectively pursue national economic priorities that are conducive to economic development as compared to countries like Egypt (Clark & Indiana University, Bloomington 2007). As a result, South Korea established an incentivized core or semi like production processes that up to date have brought it among the core countries of the world as compared to its neighboring Asian countries that were hampered by corruption and inadequate government structures.

            South Korea is an example of a state that has moved down and up in a hierarchical system. Additionally, this can be attributed to the fact that coupling exogenous factors and controls on the international investment and global market interactions, as well as endogenous factors, have collaborated in moving its economy to the next level (In Westwood, 2014). One striking significance in this feature is that, immediately after the former president of South Korea, Park Chung-hee took the presidential throne in the year 1961; South Korea started realizing economic improvement. In other words, his presidential regime implemented a five-year economic development strategies that were mainly designed to take advantage of the comparative economic benefits. Additionally, the Republic of South Korea concentrated on the export-oriented policy industrialization as well as the expansion of primary economic sectors and the private sectors promotion (Clark & Indiana University, Bloomington 2007). The economic policy that was postulated in 1960 shifted to the concentration of chemicals and heavy industries in the year 1970 which later changed to focusing on social welfare, promotion of private investors and stabilization of primary industries in the year 1980s.

            The-core peripheral process in South Korea can be attributed to the state which in one way or the other was able to craft sound, efficient, as well as consistent economies and implement them effectively. However, those core areas that are characterized by the low economic regime and weak economic levels were hampered by corruption and collusion with some group of individuals who aimed for personal experience at the expense of the countries growth.

            Additionally, peripheral areas depend on the livelihood of the core areas which in most cases have weaker political influence, lower economies, lower educational levels, and lower innovation rates. Most of the Asian countries are peripheral countries excluding South Korea and Japan. In south-Korea for instance, the demilitarized zone that exists between the South and North Korea represent the physical division between the periphery and the core.

Conclusion

            South Korea as compared to other Asian countries has well-established economic structures and political strengths. In other words, while other core countries that are acting as a source of raw materials are struggling with corruption and inadequate government structures, South Korea is continuing to enjoy the benefits of being a peripheral country. Additionally, the Republic of South Korea as compared to other Asian continent countries excluding Japan concentrated on the export-oriented policy industrialization as well as the expansion of primary economic sectors and the private sectors promotion. In this case, during its developmental stage, the state macroeconomic policy worked to the benefit of national businesses while on the other hand the economic benefits remained confined within the borders of South Korea making other neighboring countries remain core countries regarding production and manufacturing processes. Additionally, the neighboring Asian countries excluding Japan are an example of core countries that South Korea depends on for economic and political upheaval. Moreover, semi-peripheral areas are in most cases economically mixed. According to some scholars, it is clear that, in a system that is attributed to endless capital accumulation and division of labor, the result is basically to exchange of products and goods in unequal proportion where peripheral states and areas exchange faulty products.

References

Clark, R., & Indiana University, Bloomington. (2007). Integration, mobility, and development: International trade and organization networks, 1980--2000. (Dissertation Abstracts International, 68-7.) Bloomington, Ind.: Indiana University.

In Westwood, R. (2014). Core-periphery relations and organization studies. New York: Pilgrimage