pollution in the Heathrow airport

1. Introduction

1.1 Background

As is well-known, solving air pollution is always a hot topic in recent years. There are countless research directions based on air pollution, and they are constantly being updated. Some exhaustive reviews of literature are thus provided for this paper. Among them, the main basis of the project is clean air zone, which is defined an area where targeted action is taken to improve air quality. It is a positive research trend which the definition of clean air zone is proposed. At the beginning of the study, the clean air zone was implemented as a policy in five cities in UK. Determine the index of each pollutant by detecting pollutants in the air. Then improve the concentration of pollutants that exceed the standard, and control them within the legal limits. Enhancing air quality is beneficial to ensure human health (Clean air zone proposals, 2020).

The purpose of this chapter is to provide a clearer understanding about the different perceptions of the presence of pollutants in the air and their impact on environmental quality and how to commercialize pollutants by selectively referring to some literature. Summarize the detection methods and experimental observations, so as to derive the impact of different pollutants on the environment.

This chapter is divided into two parts. The project of the first is the analysis，including the analysis of pollutant composition, the distribution and flow of carbon dioxide, and the main polluted areas within the specified range. Subsequently, application of pollutants is outlines，including how to translate pollutants into usable products, and choose a cleaner energy to replace the original resource that may produce pollutants.

This project is Heathrow’s first study on clean air zone, which is what makes the research unique and groundbreaking.

1.2 Project Overview

Observe the satellite map of London Heathrow Airport in detail, marking the runway, apron and aircraft take-off and landing locations. Select an area to be defined as a clean air zone, and conduct air quality testing on this. Analyzing the sample air can conclude that the main air pollutants include carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter. The gas concentration is measured by measuring devices such as NO-NO2 and CO-CO2. In addition to the pollution emissions from airplanes and cars, if possible, the project should also consider the environmental impact of the pollution caused by the airport catering industry. After analyzing the data, combined with local natural conditions, such as (geographic location, wind direction) to determine the best place to remove pollutants. Among them, carbon dioxide capture will be the most important treatment method. In the whole project, the experimental part is undoubtedly the most difficult part. The on-site measurement is greatly affected by external factors and cannot ensure smooth progress. An analogy with literature from other regions is necessary to ensure the accuracy of the experimental data.

1.3 Aims and Objectives

The main objective of this project is to explore the potential and limitations of a Clean Air Zone (CAZ) at London Heathrow. It is essential that Heathrow reduces its emissions in order to develop as one of the world’s leading airports. This project will look at the policies and technologies developed for clean air zones in global locations and how these can be implemented within the context of a major international airport. In addition to the desk-based activities there will be an opportunity to develop testing techniques using a series of air quality monitors. The ultimate hope can achieve the reduction of pollutant emissions from the source.