1500 words paper

Running head: LITERATURE REVIEW 1

LITERATURE REVIEW 3

LITERATURE REVIEW

Nnenna Nwagbo

Grand Canyon University- NRS 490

01/20/2020

Introduction

Hand hygiene in hospitals prevents cross-infection. The observation and hand hygiene by health care workers in order to prevent cross-border infections is extremely important many health facilities also face major problems due to poor adherence with many of these strategies and guidelines for improving hand hygiene, through the introduction of large hospital services. Therefore, it is very important to maintain hand hygiene in order to prevent and reduce cross infections. This paper focuses on analysis and comparison between eight articles, all addressing hand hygiene and infection control in hospital among health care workers.

Comparison of research questions

The evaluation of literature used in the capstone project reveals various similarities and differences in the research questions. Most articles used in the project have research questions that directly aim at Hand hygiene and infection control in hospital among health care workers. Studies by Catherine Godfrey and Jeffrey T. Schouten (2014) have research study that describes best practices for infection control programs in acute care setting. Heather S. Reisinger et. Al (2014) has research article that focus on identifying the variability in hand hygiene practices among health care workers.

Allegranzi and H. Sax and D. Pittet(2015) explicitly examined the need for changes in hand-hygiene practices to improve intervention. Catherine Godfrey, Christie Villa, Liza Dawson, Susan Swindells, and Jeffrey T. Schouten (2014), these are groups of researchers that combined to discuss ways of controlling infections acquired in healthcare facilities.

The fifth article by Helena C. Maltezou and Sabine Wicker (2016) focuses on the role of health-care setting in the transmission of measles. The topic of the sixth document empirical review by Walter Zingg, Alison Holmes, Anna-Pelagia Magiorakos, and Didier Pittet(2016) is that the key components of infection control systems were defined for implementation. The seventh article researches the effect of introduction of safety devices in reducing needle stick injuries. (Cornelia Hoffmann, Lutz Buchholz and Paul Schnitzler, 2016)The last article by Hassan Ahmed Khan, Aftab Ahmad, and Riffat Mehboob(2015) researches the ways of controlling nosocomial infections in hospitals.

Comparison of sample populations

The research by Catherine Godfrey and Jeffrey T. Schouten (2014) in their study sampled infection control practitioners. The study involved controlled trials that were selected at random.

Heather S. Reisinger et. Al (2014) sampled Veterans Health Administration. Measurement for hand hygiene enforcement and measures to ensure conformity is protected by the national survey. Allegranzi and H. Sax and D. Pittet(2015) sampled Acute care setting with feasibility and impact study that uses a descriptive and explanatory method. Catherine Godfrey, Christie Villa, Liza Dawson, Susan Swindells, and Jeffrey T. Schouten (2014) sampled clinical research sites. The study examined formal infection management intervention programs.

The article by Helena C. Maltezou and Sabine Wicker (2016) sampled Health-care setting with a research methods of Diagnosis of outbreak cases. Walter Zingg, Alison Holmes, Anna-Pelagia Magiorakos, and Didier Pittet(2015) also used a sample of Health-care setting focusing on Systematic review method. Cornelia Hoffmann, Lutz Buchholz and Paul Schnitzler (2015) used similar sample of Health care setting with a different study of Extraction and review of data from laboratory information systems. In the article by Hassan Ahmed Khan, Aftab Ahmad, and Riffat Mehboob(2015) sample Health-care setting, system review method was used with the analysis of control of nosocomial infections.

A comparison of limitations

The first article by Catherine Godfrey and Jeffrey T. Schouten (2014) had a limitation of low rates of adherence to infection control programs. Limitations of the research by Heather S. Reisinger et. Al(2014) included majority of VHA medical centers not measuring compliance rates and does not have instituted intervention practices. B. Allegranzi and H. Sax and D. Pittet(2015) had a limitation of Necessary infrastructure crucial in enhancing hand hygiene. The limitation of research by Catherine Godfrey, Christie Villa, Liza Dawson, Susan Swindells, and Jeffrey T. Schouten (2014) is Organizational support such as staff training and surveillance which helps in infection control.

Helena C. Maltezou and Sabine Wicker (2016) had a limitation of sufficient vaccination coverage which is a key infection control measure. Walter Zingg, Alison Holmes, Anna-Pelagia magiorakos, and Didier Pittet(2015) had a limitation of staff training and surveillance which are the key components of infection control programs in hospitals. Cornelia Hoffmann, Lutz Buchholz and Paul Schnitzler (2016) had no limitation and conflicts during the study as there was introduction of safety devices that greatly reduces infections acquired in hospitals. Hassan Ahmed Khan, Aftab Ahmad, and Riffat Mehboob(2015) had one limitation which was proper use infection control practices which can reduce the spread of nosocomial infections.

Conclusion

All eight studies focused on hand hygiene and infection control but from a different angle. Each of the research questions studied by each study is relevant in finding information about the prevalence of hand hygiene among health care workers, causes, interventions, and barriers to these interventions. The studies were done for different settings and samples, which was great since it is from various locations helping in getting a good picture of hand hygiene and infection control among health care workers. All the studies also had limitations due to the nature of the research, but still, the findings create a real description of the issue. The articles help form a foundation for further study. Further research should be done on various energy transfer mechanisms for implementation of hand hygiene and infection control among health care workers.

References

B. Allegranzia, H. S. (2015, February). Hand hygiene and healthcare system change within multi-modal promotion: a narrative review. Retrieved from Journal of Hospital Infection: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670113600031

Catherine Godfrey, C. V. (2014, April 01). Controlling Health Care Associated Infections in the International Research Setting. Retrieved from NCBI: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3801291/

Cornelia Hoffmann, L. B. (2015, July 29). Reduction of needlestick injuries in healthcare personnel at a university hospital using safety devices. Retrieved from Biomedcentral: https://occup-med.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1745-6673-8-20

Hassan Ahmed Khan, A. A. (2015, July). Nosocomial infection and their control strategies. Retrieved from Science Direct : https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2221169115000829

Heather Schacht Reisinger, J. Y. (2015, November). Comprehensive survey of hand hygiene measurement and improvement practices in the Veterans Health Administration. Retrieved from American Journal of Infection Control: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0196655313008870

Helena C. Maltezou, a. S. (2016, July). Measles in health-care settings. Retrieved from Science Direct: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0196655312012618

Schouten, C. G. (2014, January 01). Infection Control Best Practices in Clinical Research in Resource-Limited Settings. Retrieved from NCBI: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3930462/

Walter Zingg, A. H.-P. (2015, February). Hospital organization, management, and structure for prevention of health-care-associated infection: a systematic review and expert consensus. Retrieved from Science Direct: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1473309914708540