Hiring process of Student Activities Coordinator : Final draft

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Research Data Collection

Antonio McClan

SPT-501-X5560 Research Methods in Sports Mgmt 22TW5

7/10/2022

LITERATURE REVIEW

My research question is, “How might high school athletes benefit from having a strength and conditioning coach trained like their college counterparts?”

My first article is “Integration of Strength and Conditioning Principles into a Rehabilitation Program.” This article discusses rehabilitation and strength as two separate techniques that don't work together. This article is relevant to my study issue, which is to find strategies to employ coaches in high schools and even younger ones to reduce the danger of injury while boosting their performance. According to this article, an injured athlete may benefit from the same training methods utilized by healthy athletes. Athletes who have been injured need to be assessed to determine the extent of their injury, their sport, and their training program principles before they can begin rehabilitation (Reiman, & Lorenz, 2011).

Integrating strength and conditioning coaches from a young age is an effective strategy when it comes to improving sports performance and preventing injury. This article's biases may be applied to my research report, which examines the benefits of doing so. The article's shortcomings are due to a shortage of research on effectively incorporating strength and conditioning principles into the treatment of sports injuries.

My second article is “Athletic Performance: The Relationship between Athletic Trainers and Strength and Conditioning Coaches.” A strong working connection between a Strength and Conditioning coach and an Athletic Trainer is critical to the success of every athlete you work with, and this article discusses the benefits of such a collaboration in detail. It's all about using the talents and uniqueness of each other to support their athletes the most (Druvenga, 2007). “Strength and conditioning coaches and athletic trainers” differ on the best way to maintain athletes at their peak performance. Even though their strength and conditioning coaches and athletic trainers place varying emphasis on it, athletes need sports-specific training and injury prevention in order to enhance their performance.

Because this article discusses the importance of collaboration between “strength and conditioning coaches and other athletic department members, including athletic directors, athletic trainers, and other sports coaches and staff”, by reading this article, I will be able to better understand my research question (Druvenga, 2007). Everyone in the athletic program should always have the primary objective of improving the athlete in the most excellent manner possible, necessitating compromise and using the strengths of all parties involved.

Using this article and working with athletic trainers, strength coaches and athletic trainers can work together to assist players in becoming better quicker while staying on top of their game and on the same page. As a result of these constraints, there may be friction between sports trainers and strength coaches, which might delay the recovery of athletes and diminish the value placed on working together as a team.

My third article is “Sports Injury Prevention: The role of Strength and Conditioning Coach.” This article discusses the importance of preventing sports-related injuries, from strength and conditioning instructors to athletic trainers. An approach from all perspectives is needed to avoid sports injuries; this includes athletic trainers, strength and conditioning coaches, and athletic trainers who can assist coaches in understanding injuries better to prepare their plans for players' strength and conditioning (Talpey, & Siesmaa, 2017).

Regarding the TRIPP technique, I detected a bias in this article that emphasizes the necessity of training, the recuperation time for injured athletes, and having a well-trained staff. Because every athlete's joints, muscles, and ligaments are unique, no matter how hard a strength and conditioning coach works, injuries will still occur.

To completely understand injuries, joint weaknesses, and sports-specific ailments, researchers will benefit from the biases of the coaches and trainers, who will have a go-to approach for determining the entire extent of the injury. According to this piece, no matter how diligently coaches and trainers work, they can't avoid every accident or guarantee total safety for each one of their athletes.

My fourth article is “Impact of Sports on Youth Development: Positive and Negative Outcomes.” This article examines the pros and cons of participating in sports. "Increased academic performance, psychological and social advantages, reduced illegal drug usage" were some of the article's key takeaways. Those are just a few ways they help young athletes (Davidiuk, 2016). The drawbacks were listed as increased alcohol usage, anti-social/aggressive conduct, and an increased chance of concussions or other severe injuries. The author also discusses the good and bad consequences of team sports and individual sports and how to watch them as a coach, trainer, or parent. My study focuses on concussions and other significant injuries. I'm looking for ways to lessen the likelihood of these occurrences using strength and conditioning coaches and sports trainers, two positions that may not be available in every high school. A shortcoming of this study was the lack of research on the effects of severe injuries and concussions on young athletes over the long term. Another issue was the dearth of studies examining the advantages of female athletes; none of the abstracts included any such information.

“Studies of lower limb isokinetic strength and proprioception in young football players” is the topic of my sixth paper. According to this article, more young people are participating in organized sports, which increase the risk of injury among young people. Additionally, "stability and dynamic proprioception testing in sports medicine to assess the balance skills of teens" is required as well (Fayaz, 2009). ACL injuries, which are "more dangerous and expensive than injuries to other joints," are more likely to occur in athletes with poor balance because of the correlation between the two. Knee injuries are on the rise among football players.

The rehabilitation of an ACL injury provides a sensitive way of determining if the neurons directing the neuromuscular movements have been damaged. Strength and conditioning coaches should be implemented at an earlier age since organized sports are becoming more popular and younger, which increases the risk of long-term injury for young athletes. Athletes need qualified coaches and trainers to take the required steps to avoid joint injuries. Due to a perceived author bias, I may exploit the connection of balance tests to enhance knee joint risk in my study. Only "221 young football players aged between 12 and 19 years" were evaluated in this research; hence the conclusions are only sport dimensional, gender dimensional, and only tested a unipedal and a bipedal balance using two different methodologies. This fact severely limits the results reported in this study.

My sixth article is “The qualifications, duties, and opinions of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division 1 Football strength and conditioning coaches". This article aimed to identify and investigate the credentials, obligations, and viewpoints of people who assume the position and responsibilities of strength and conditioning coaches. This study surveyed one hundred and seventy-nine NCAA Division 1 football sanctioned institutions, 100 Division 1-A schools, and seventy-nine Division 1-AA schools (Pullo, 2013). This summarizes the coaches' demographics, education, experience, and opinion responses to the questionnaire.

They earn an average of $30-39k per year, are certified by the National Strength and Conditioning Association to operate as full-time strength coaches (the Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialist or CSC), and have previously worked as graduate assistants at the Division I-A level. Division AA and AAA schools pay their coaches an average salary of between $20,000 and $29,999, and many of them lack NSCA certification. They may also be football coaches who primarily work with the football teams.

My research into how to implement certified strength and conditioning coaches in schools led me to believe that college graduates with their certification could serve as the coaches I want to implement. However, this article's bias is that the salary is within the range of most high school coaches and teachers. There may be more significant turnover than necessary due to the desire of most coaches to join the most acceptable programs with the most influential players.

My last article is “Perceptions of strength and conditioning programs by athletic directors and strength and conditioning coaches at Division I Mid American Conference universities.” The researchers examines the perspectives of head athletic directors and their programs. Interviewing ten individuals, they drew six findings concerning their impressions of these things; it is important to note that the MAC's strength-and-conditioning programs are pretty beneficial (Winkler, 2013). The second reason is that mission statements are critical in the day-to-day work of sports iv departments. Third, the MAC's sports departments are known for their high levels of skill in their organizational structures... Resources are seen as one of the most significant issues...Fourth, For the fifth and final time, athletic directors and strength and conditioning coaches must have open lines of communication in their day-to-day work. Both sports directors and strength instructors agree that cost constraints must be maintained. ” One bias is that to hire professional strength and conditioning coaches for high schools, and those institutions must have adequate financial means to support the operation of a department dedicated to athletics, which will, in turn, benefit the students by providing them with the best possible training. The only limitation I could think of when applying this article to my research topic is whether or not the high school where I was trying to create strength and conditioning programs would have the financial means to equip its athletes and strength coaches with the finest materials. Strength

References:

Davidiuk, L. J. (2016). Impact of Sports on Youth Development: Positive and Negative Outcomes. Fuller Theological Seminary, School of Psychology. retrieved from: Impact of Sports on Youth Development: Positive and Negative Outcomes - ProQuest

Druvenga, B. M. (2007). Athletic Performance: The Relationship between Athletic Trainers and Strength and Condtioning Coaches. retrieved from: Athletic Performance: The Relationship between Athletic Trainers and Strength and Conditioning Coaches (bocatc.org)

Fayaz, S. (2009). Studies of lower limb isokinetic strength and proprioception in young football players (Doctoral dissertation, University of Glasgow). Studies of lower limb isokinetic strength and proprioception in young football players - Enlighten: Theses (gla.ac.uk)

Pullo, F. M. (2013). The qualifications, duties, and opinions of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I football strength and conditioning coaches. Temple University. The qualifications, duties, and opinions of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I football strength and conditioning coaches - ProQuest

Reiman, M. P., & Lorenz, D. S. (2011). Integration of strength and conditioning principles into a rehabilitation program. International journal of sports physical therapy, 6(3), 241. retrieved from: INTEGRATION OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING PRINCIPLES INTO A REHABILITATION PROGRAM - PMC (nih.gov)

Talpey, S. W., & Siesmaa, E. J. (2017). Sports injury prevention: The role of the strength and conditioning coach. Strength & Conditioning Journal, 39(3), 14-19. retrieved from; Sports Injury Prevention: The Role of the Strength and Condi... : Strength & Conditioning Journal (lww.com)

Winkler, D. M. (2013). Perceptions of strength and conditioning programs by athletic directors and strength and conditioning coaches at Division I Mid American Conference universities. The University of Toledo. retrieved from: Perceptions of strength and conditioning programs by athletic directors and strength and conditioning coaches at division I mid American conference universities - ProQuest