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Lesson 4: Middle Childhood

Although the enormous changes across the developmental domains are not as drastic as in early childhood at this stage, the developmental progress in middle childhood continues to be profound. The young child begins school, a time when children further learn about themselves by comparisons to their peers. Comparisons aid the child in understanding himself and evaluating his own skills that he presents to the world. Parental influence plays a parallel role, helping the child develop the skills that he needs by providing learning tools, direction and re-direction, rationale, encouragement, and support.

Children refine existing skills—those initially begun in early childhood-- during this period. Language becomes broader, more complex, and true humor emerges. Critical and creative thinking skills develop and the ability to form logical thought is expressed. Fine motor skills become more intricate while large motor skills expand. Coordination skills and the ability to further develop strength contribute to mastery of large motor movement. Developmental discrepancies starting in early childhood become more apparent during middle childhood. Accordingly, most types of cognitive deficits and disorders are first identified during this stage as the demands of school and learning stress the progress of a child who is having difficulty learning.

Assignments for Lesson 4:

1. Textbook readings: Read, study, analyze, and use chapters 6 (cognitive and physical) and 7 (social-emotional) to complete this lesson! Remember to use the Test Yourself sections to help you learn and prepare for your quizzes, even if you don’t need to turn them in. (

2. PowerPoints: You have TWO PowerPoint presentations for your studying excitement and enjoyment! These are meant to serve as outlines of your learning in each chapter.

3. Fostering Development: The Importance of Parent/Important Adult Relationships in Childhood Assignment: 25 points. This assignment is due by Sunday, October 30th at 11:59pm in the appropriate Assignment folder.

Part I: Watch the video 5 Dangerous Things You Should Let Your Children Do (Gever Tulley, 10 minutes) at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NXhddUqNNjo

** Read your textbook, watch the video, and then address each of these facts, using your textbook learning + your video learning to discuss. In order to have enough information, you should have 1-2 paragraphs for EACH.

1. There are physical dangers that we should be concerned about for children.

2. Children learn enormous amounts in middle childhood.

3. Relationships (should) provide safety, support, and learning.

Part II: Read What Science Says About Using Physical Force to Punish a Child (attached). This is a news article that does a great job of providing an overview of the good literature on this topic.

Read this article and briefly summarize the FIVE key findings as to why physical aggression should never be used to punish a child. Be specific and detailed. (ONE big paragraph)

*When deciding what to include in your explanations, it may be helpful to think, “If I was to describe this to a friend, what would I say?”

4. Quizzes: Chapters 6 and 7: 20 points each, both due by Sunday, October 30th at 11:59pm.

a. Click on the ‘Quizzes’ link, and click on the Chapter 6 or 7 Quiz. You will have 20 minutes to complete 20 questions in multiple-choice format for each quiz. You may use your book and notes.

b. At the end of your quiz, you will find out if you answered any questions incorrectly and which questions you missed. You may take the quiz up to three times in order to further your understanding of the chapter by clicking on the Chapter 6 or 7 Quiz and completing the quiz again. Your quiz questions may include the same and/or a mix of different questions each time, with a varying order to which they will appear. Only your highest score will go into the Gradebook. This is the same format as the quizzes that you have completed already—and will continue to be throughout the course. (

You have reached the end of Lesson 4. (