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Research Articles

The first research article "Awareness of pregnancy-induced hypertension among pregnant women in Tigray Regional State, Ethiopia" by Berhe et al., (2020) focuses on health literacy for pregnancy-induced hypertension among pregnant women. It argues that pregnancy-induced hypertension is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia, and establishes that there was no study on its health literacy among pregnant women. The second article "Knowledge of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy of Moroccan women in Morocco and the Netherlands: a qualitative interview study” by Ouasmani et al., (2018) also maintains that Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) are the most common medical disorders in pregnancy and the most common cause of maternal mortality globally. The first article seeks to assess awareness of pregnancy-induced hypertension among pregnant women and the second article investigates the status of knowledge that Moroccan pregnant women have of HDP, both in Morocco and in the Netherlands, in terms of symptoms, complications, treatment, and management.

The Use of Data in the Articles

The first study used a cross-sectional study design among pregnant women attending antenatal care. Data collection was conducted between February and November 2018. An evaluation of how data was used in these studies shows that the collected data would contribute to the limited evidence in the area of health literacy of pregnancy-induced hypertension among pregnant women. The data also contributes to strategies for the prevention and early management of pregnancy-induced hypertension. The second study used a qualitative research design to obtain data from the Ministry of Health in Morocco and to conduct interviews. The data was used to identify the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of participants, and important themes and subthemes such as knowledge of HDP and its symptoms.

Credibility and Reliability of Data

The data in the two articles are both reliable and credible because they capture information on areas that have been neglected in research. Also, the authors have credibility and expertise to research the area thus making the data reliable and credible. The use of structured questionnaires and interviews, the sampling technique, and the sample size also contribute to the representativeness of the data and therefore its credibility and reliability. The two studies also extensively make use of secondary data aside from the collected primary data. The use of secondary data reflects the credibility of data. The findings in the two studies can also be generalized to other situations thus indicating the credibility and reliability of data. More importantly, the data is recent since the articles were published within the last five years.

Documentation of the Data

Data in the articles are effectively documented to enable readers to easily comprehend the findings. The articles use tables to document the results and offer comprehensive discussions of the findings. For instance, both articles use tables to document the socio-demographic characteristics of their subjects thus making it easier for readers to fully understand the participants of the study. They also use tables to document the most important aspects of the studies such as themes and subthemes as well as levels of awareness among pregnant women. The data is also well documented in the articles since the authors name their tables with titles, identifiers, and where they obtained some of the results. Another important element that indicates that the data in the two articles is well documented is that the authors ensure the future usability of the data. They achieve this by providing additional and comprehensive information that is necessary to fully understand and interpret the data.

Evaluation of Data Analysis and Interpretation

The first article relied on statistical analysis using SPSS to analyze and interpret the data. It also used descriptive statistics such as t-tests to conduct evaluations of the data. The use of SPSS enhances confidence in the results and thus contributes to effective analysis and interpretation of the findings. The second article analyzed the data qualitatively using the open coding method. The data in the two articles support the hypothesis and help answer the research questions.

For instance, the first article found that there was a significant difference in awareness of pregnancy-induced hypertension among pregnant women thus meeting the aim of the study which was to assess awareness of pregnancy-induced hypertension among pregnant women. The data in the second study also supports the hypothesis and helps answer the research question since it finds that there is limited or no knowledge about hypertensive disorders and their symptoms.

Ethical Issues in Research

Ethics refers to a system of principles that can change people’s considerations about actions or choices. It deals with the dynamics of decision-making concerning right and wrong. While conducting research, several ethical issues may arise. The first ethical issue is informed consent which refers to a person's ability to knowingly, voluntarily, and intelligently give their consent to a researcher. Informed consent incorporates a person's right to withdraw from the research and the researcher is required to openly explain the research to potential participants. The second ethical issue that may arise while conducting research is related to respect for anonymity and confidentiality. A researcher should protect their subject’s identity and where respect for anonymity is impossible, the researcher must address confidentiality which refers to the management of participants’ private information. Closely related is respect for privacy which empowers participants to determine the time, extent, and general circumstances under which a researcher can share their private information. It can be an ethical issue while conducting

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