help with transportation essay
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Lesson9TranspoMgt_F19.pdf
Components
Transportation management centers (TMCs)
Ramp metering
Incident management
Motorist assistance systems
Communications systems
Radio communications
Changeable message signs (CMSs)
1
Transportation management centers
Organization
Combine traffic operations personnel with law enforcement
and dispatch
Locally, joint Caltrans-CHP operation
Functions
Traffic surveillance
Incident management
Data collection
Other FMS functions (e. g. ramp metering, CCTV systems, I-
15 Express Lanes Operation)
2
The San Diego Regional Transportation Management Center
(CHP Border Communications Center)
QUESTION: WHY DO WE NEED TMC?
ANSWER: TRAFFIC
CHP/Caltrans Joint Operation
The CHP is responsible for state highway incident
management and law enforcement, and Caltrans, for
the operation and management of the state highway
system.
Both departments remain permanent and equal
partners in each TMC facility and coordinate with one
another any TMC planning, programming work, and
transportation system changes.
TMC Mission
To proactively manage the transportation system to
reduce congestion and provide for the safe and
efficient movement of people, goods, services, and
information in order to promote economic vitality and
enhance the quality of life for the people of
California.
Responsibilities
CHP
Incident Scene Management
Emergency Road Closures
Law Enforcement
Motorist Safety Services
Caltrans System Management
Traffic Management
Information Dissemination
Multi-Agency Coordination
2020 Forecast for Population
& Employment Growth (Millions)
1994 2020 Increase
Population 15.6 22.4 43%
Employment 6.6 10.6 61%
“Like adding two Chicagos
to Southern California
Congestion
Non-Recurrent
Unexpected
Accidents, Incidents
Emergency Closures
Recurrent
Everyday commuter traffic
Predictable
Why Manage Traffic?
Improve Mobility Across California
Continuously Improve Safety
Decrease Congestion and Delay
Improve Trip Reliability
Can’t Build Our Way Out of Congestion
SYSTEM MANAGEMENT
Under Used Capacity
Used Capacity
C a
r r y in
g C
a p
a c
it y
System Management
Total Carrying Capacity
D-11 Traffic Volumes by Route
San Diego Co Routes AADT, 2017 Data
Interstate 5 266,000
Interstate 8 257,000
Interstate 15 312,000
Interstate 15 HOV lanes 48,500 (was 14,300 in 2014)
State Route 52 123,000
State Route 54 144,000
State Route 56 84,000
State Route 67 106,000
State Route 75 71,000
State Route 76 55,000
State Route 78 170,000
State Route 79 6,200
State Route 94 210,000
State Route 125 187,000 (was 167,000 in 2014)
State Route 163 190,000
Interstate 805 267,000 (was 238,000 in 2014)
State Route 905 91,000 (was 72,000 in 2014)
D-11 Traffic Volumes by Route
Imperial Co. Routes AADT, 2017 Data
State Route 7 16,900
Interstate 8 35,000
State Route 78 10,900
State Route 86 32,500
State Route 98 27,500
State Route 111 41,500
State Route 115 7,600
Managing Traffic Demand
Control Access: Ramp Metering
Diversion: Alternate Routes/Detours
Rideshare: Carpooling
Toll Roads/Value Pricing: Maximize Capacity
Reversible Lanes: Maximize Capacity
Transit Incentives: Buses and Light Rail
Ramp metering reduces congestion, length of peak period and accidents
simply by breaking up platoons, controlling the flow, and diverting traffic.
Ramp Metering Program
Metering objectives
Objectives:
Smooth flow
Prevent congestion on freeway mainline
Improve safety
Minimize total system delay
Equalize delay
Constraints
Ramp queue lengths
Ramp delays
Not all objectives are compatible
17
Types of metering
Fixed-time vs. traffic responsive
Local vs. coordinated
Control types
Platoon breakup
Demand-capacity
ALINEA
Multi-ramp “optimizations”
Gap acceptance
18
Delay reduction mechanisms
All are intended to increase system output during
periods of congestion
Prevent flow breakdown (to prolong pre-queue flows
that exceed queue discharge)
Divert traffic around bottleneck
Direct flow to exits upstream of bottleneck
19
HOV Lanes
High Occupancy Vehicle Lanes encourage and
benefit carpools, vanpools, and buses by
providing preferential lanes to bypass congested
adjacent traffic lanes.
I-15 Reversible HOV Lanes
Opened to traffic in October 1988
Project cost $31.5 million
Eight miles long, no freeway exits
I-15 HOV Lanes - FasTrak
“Fee” based on traffic volumes on the HOV
lanes
Transponder compatible with other FasTrak
systems in California
• Became part of FasTrak Electronic toll collection system
in 1998
• Registered solo users pay a “fee” to access
I-15 Express Lanes
Congestion-management strategy
1st Phase opened to traffic in September 2008
2nd Phase opened to traffic in March 2009
Project Completed January 2012
Project cost over $1 billion
Between SR 52 and SR 78, twenty miles long with egress and ingress points
I-15 Express Lanes
Variable Message Sign (VMS)
Gate and Pop-ups
Barrier Transfer Machine (BTM)
Inside BTM
• Barrier crossing arms, pop-up tubes,
changeable message signs
• CHP/emergency vehicle access points
every mile
• Opened to all vehicles if two main lanes
are closed for over two hours
I-15 Express Lanes - Operations
Computer controlled at the
Transportation Management Center
(TMC)
Visual inspections by road crews prior
to opening, throughout the day, and
upon closure ensure all safety devices
are functioning
Typical Activities of a TMC
Expedite removal of major incidents
Expedite removal of minor incidents
Monitor weather warnings (fog, dust)
Manage traffic demand
Provide public information
Approve and monitor planned lane closures
Provide District communication services
Provide central hub for emergency operations and special events
Issue traffic warnings and Amber Alerts
Transportation Management Infrastructure
Incident Management Components
Incident Detection
Verification
Response
Roadway Clearance
Incident response time line 29
Incident
occurs
Reported to
dispatcher
First units
dispatched
First units
arrive
Last units
dispatched
Traffic
lanes clear
Flow
recovers
Last units
arrive
Shoulder
clear
Detection
Verification and assessment
Response
Clearance
Recovery
Monitoring Freeways for Incidents
CHP CAD
ATMS Workstation
Video in ATMS
Detector Loops
Station Speed: volume
weighted average of good speeds
Station Occupancy: average
of good lane occupancies
Average Volume: average of
good lane volumes
Total Volume: sum of good lane volumes adjusted by the
number of lanes
Status per
Failure
Management
Mainline Station Statistics
Video Display Wall
Changeable Message Sign (CMS) with Messages
CMS Display of Travel Times
Portable Changeable Message Signs (PCMS)
Major Incident Response Team/Traffic
Management Team (MIRT/TMT)
TMT Detours
TMT Detour Signing
Closed Circuit Television
Auxiliary Radio System
Media Room
Traffic Operations and Maintenance
Dispatch
Dispatching FSP
Nearly 600,000 Assists in a year 1,400+ Centerline Miles covered
CHP Interaction
Maintenance Cleanup
Maintenance Cleanup
Infrastructure Repairs
Hazardous Material Cleanup
Multi Agency Involvement CHP CALTRANS HAZMAT CORONER
FIRE DEPARTMENT TOW TRUCKS LOCAL LAW ENFORCMENT FISH & GAME COUNTY/CITY
CHP - Assesses the Accident
Obtain Needed Resources
San Diego Fires of 2003
Major Incidents
CISN Earthquake Notification
Lane Closure System (LCS)
Planned Freeway Activities
61
http://lcswebreports.dot.ca.gov/lcswebreports/SearchDistrictsPreAction.do?district=11
Planned Lane Closures
Weather Monitoring Stations
Weather Monitoring Station and Wind Sock
Surface Sensor in Pavement Solar panel/wind-speed sensor
Air temperature/relative humidity sensor
Special Events
Super Bowl XXXVII
TMC Monthly Statistics
On average, there are
1020 planned lane closures
3,800 Incidents on the freeways
800 of them last for one hour or more
TMC Operations assist with about 1000 incidents
Caltrans Home Page (dot.ca.gov)
Caltrans District 11 Home Page
Homework #8 69
Describe a specific high impact traffic incident you
know about or observed and identify
The critical players in incident response
Timeline for the responders
Any potential hurdles that may delay the response
Any solutions for minimizing the delay
Response priorities
