lercture 7 notes

· Last we were talking were finishing up with the senators and the senate

· This week we will look at judiciary and specifically the Supreme Court

· Since the Judiciary Act of 1869, there have been 9 Justices (not judges) on the Supreme Court.

· Its significant that there are no even numbers

· Romans followed the principle of collegiality where there should be more than one person in every office

· The supreme court are extra ordinary powerful, they are the law

· 5 is most important number in their government

· They make vital decisions, what they say is final

· Ernesto Miranda committed a major crime and appealed up to the supreme court of US

· He was later stabbed to death and the person who did it got away because of Miranda rights

· Anything decided by Supreme Court is legal and final

· The president of the US is the most powerful person in the world all

· when he goes in to give State of the Union all stand to show respect to the president apart from the Justices of the Supreme Court

· To become a Supreme Court justice (when there is a vacancy) a person must be nominated by the president (not appointed!!!) and approved by the senate .

· George W Bush nominate Henry Mayes but the senate questioned her and did not approve her

· It always checks and balances that’s why the success in our country

· Our country has departments; of agriculture, energy, defense and stale and needs someone leading it who answers to the president

· The heads were first named ministers but the name was not approved.

· The most appropriate term was Secretaries and make up the cabinet. 14 secretaries and an attorney general

· They are nominated by the president and approved by the senate

· Department of defense was until 7 years ago called the department of war

· The Senate is based on Roman senate

· The House of Representatives is based on Roman Bluebeam assembly

· House of Representatives is like the army rangers, senators are like special forces

· Until 20 years ago, there has been a huge difference between representatives and senators

· Senators are 100

· Since 1913, there have been 435 members in the House of Representatives.

· Members of the House are elected for terms of 2 years .

· Their only exclusive power is taxation .

· Each state is “apportioned” representatives by population relative to the country’s population.

· In the senate every state is equal, every state gets 2 senators

· Big states like California, Texas etc. have more representatives

· As the state’s populations grew more, the representatives number grew too

· In 1911 they freezed the number at 435 and no more than that

· If the population of a state declines, some representatives are taken from it

· How do we know the population of a state?

· Just like the senate of ancient Rome, they have offices called censors which used to watch the senators

· We get several things from there, like census which keep track of numbers of people

· It’s done after 10years

· The more population the more power, Flora has consistently gone up and up population

· New York is the city of big apple; Philadelphia is the city of brotherly love and Miami is the magic city since its population sky locked from nowhere.

· The senate handles policies

· House of Representative has only one exclusive power which is taxation.

· The house of representatives needs to be answerable since they are voted out quickly not like senators who are voted after 6 years

· Senators need time to settle in and learn the job

· Senator voted for the war with Iraq and didn’t fear since they had nothing to lose

· The presidency; was given an enormous amount of power

· The fore fathers settled for president keeping people’s freedom in mind

· The first elected president was George Washington

· A president can only be a president for two terms

· Franklin Delano Roosevelt won the election of presidency four times, he died in office

· The two presidential terms were later made a law rather than a president everybody follows

· Washington would bow to people as a way of greeting people

· Thomas Jefferson changed one thing that Washington did, from bowing to handshake

· Some believed that handshake is done to ensure one is not carrying a weapon

· Places like China when they great each other by bowing greatly to show respect

· In India they put their palms together and bow, touch them to their hearts and say namaste meaning the like within me salutes the like within you.

· Romans had toast which involved burnt bread

· Thomas Jefferson was a French ambassador, and when he was president, he requested fried potatoes in French manor, by slicing and deep frying a potato, called French fries involved.

· Chess was invented for the old warriors to teach young warriors not to rush into the battle

· We have the ability to see and understand principles

· 700 years ago, the Roman Emperor was chosen in a number of ways

· In 1356 they formed a formal way of doing it

· Red Wax was used to seal important documents, Gold on very important ones

· They called it the golden bull of 1356

· A lay person is a circular person

· A veto can be overwritten with 2/3 of the senate and 2/3 of the house of representatives (extremely difficult to get).

· Electro college; the fore fathers wanted us not to chose directly who we wanted to be president

· They did not trust people directly to directly vote for president

· They also wanted to make sure state got credit for their credit, and blacks not to vote

· People cast votes when there is a presidential election

· The party against the most votes the winner take over

· For example, if 51% of Florida votes for democratic candidate, all the electro votes go towards the democratic party

· States get the same number of electors as the number of representatives and was based on population

· Small states had less electors as compared to big states may be only 3

· Big states like Florida would get 29 electors

· It was a compromise

· The big states are very important, California has 53 representatives plus 2 senators making 55 electors, Texas also has many electors

· Florida is known as a swing state, a battle state since its 50/50.

· Both republicans and democrats are represented

· A state is given electors in the electro college equal to its total number of members in the house and the senate.

· There are 100 senators and 425 senators

· There 538 electors in the electro college

· A special city was created for federal government to do its business

· It would not be placed in any of the states not to give added power

· District of Colombia its not a part of the 50 states but under control of the federal government

· They did not need to vote on any government

· They changed the constitution to give the people of Colombia 3 electro votes for the presidency

· Presidency elections are held every 4 years

· The presidential elections are held on the 1st Tuesday after the 1st Monday in November.

· It’s on a Tuesday to allow travelling on Monday the first working day of a week since Sunday is a day of rest

· The first Tuesday after the first Monday in November is because some years 1st is on Tuesday which is a holiday.

· What is fair representation?

· If you want the truth, read fiction; act is the lie that tells the truth.

· Comics reflect what our society is

· Wolverine is a Canadian comic superhero

· Wolverine has a super power to regenerate, and its problem is he cannot remember its past

· Its lack of memory is based on super healing ability where his body was to heal itself by making it forget that.

· This lesson applies to our daily lives, its not good to rely on the past

· People with photographic memory have a problem with their brain

· Comics were concerned about all; the DC comics created a story where Batman would not use a gun and was a superman

· Immigrants had struggle being accepted in America, thus they would a secret identity to try to fit in

· These superheroes are supposed to be idealized in their identities, they are ideal and fantastic

· Female characters are represented as symbols

· Superheroes are, whites, athletic, upright

· Mister fantastic is the superhero name for Reeds Richards

· A team leader is supposed to be authoritative, has glasses, smart, taller than others and have superpowers like being flexible

· Ben Grimm-The Thing. His superpowers are, he is bolt hearted, strong, powerful, he was to play football etc.

· He is a very manly thing

· He is super strong, powerful, solid. He is a rock. He is impossible to harm, not sensitive

· And invulnerable to pain. The ideal American man

· Johnny Storm is a young teenage guy blue eyed and physically fit

· Not serious, he is a world free, has love for girls and always attractive

· His superpower name is the Human Torch

· Sue Storm who is Johnny’s sister

· An ideal lady, blond hair, small waist, large breasts, white

· She is literally getting into trouble when The Man has to rescue her

· Her superpower was visibility, essentially making herself unseen and unheard

· Her name was changed from invisible girl to invisible woman

· How do we achieve social justice?

· For women for example to be equal to a man she should be like a man

· Characters were changed. Like x man they made him gay

· How do they achieve social justices?

· We complete equality with sameness

· Like a woman to be like a man she needs to look like a man

· The walking dead, we have at least one character who is dead

· Show us much about culture and history

· We have seen individuals going back to 1940s, we see Dr Marston wrote an article that comic should be valuable, educational, sort of entertainment and needed good female examples to show females what they can be

· Dr Marston was told to come up with a female superhero

· He created Wonder Woman with the help of his wife

· Wonder woman was not born in America, she is an Amazonian princess from a mythical island

· What if she has a gold wrestle and wrestles men with it

· Dr Marston was psychologist

· We will look at Gilead ages

· American was the most tough nation in the world, they lived in comfort although women were not free

· Men used to give them rules and chores to keep them at home

· A husband would give his wife a black eye and brag about it, it was nothing to them

· I realized men are very helpful to men if that women are lesser than them

· If she tries to be superior or equal it becomes antagonistic, this is not a healthy relationship

· If she tries to be superior or equal it becomes antagonistic, this is not a healthy relationship

· People should get along with each other, in history it worked very well

· They should get well with teachers, school, and everybody We are learning and cultivate new skills, the more we prepare properly the better we become

· Communism, socialism, capitalism, fascism

· Communism is the industrial revolution gave birth to communism

· _ISM suffix denoting a distinctive system of believes or way of doing things.

· E.g. baptism the way of John the Baptist, criticism the ways of critics

· _IST suffix used to indicate adherence to a certain doctrine or custom.

· *It’s not about the subject matter its about the lessons and everything from it, it’s also something to see as a test, the principles can be applied anywhere