Architecture and Design Assignment Questions
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Lecture4_Egypt.pdf
Ancient Egypt
Archaic Period Egypt (Early Dynastic period)
3000 to 2665 BCE Upper and Lower Egypt
Tomb of Tutankhamun, ca. 1320 BCE
Tomb of Tutankhamun, ca. 1320 BCE
Typical mastaba
mastaba
rectangular tomb with flat roof, inward sloping sides, constructed out of mud-bricks;
Arabic for “stone bench”
Typical mastaba
Old Kingdom Egypt (“Age of the Pyramids”)
2665 to 2150 BCE Unified Upper and Lower, Memphis as capital, hieroglyphic script,
bureaucracy, stratified society
“Kingship”
Old Kingdom establishes the concept and ideology of Kingship that Kings viewed as gods incarnate (in bodily form) and a manifestaNon of the
divine powers.
Left: Statue of King Djoser, Right: Pyramid of Djoser (Zoser), Egypt, ca. 2667–2648 BCE
Pyramid of Djoser (Zoser), Egypt, ca. 2667–2648 BCE
Pyramid of Djoser, ca. 2667–2648 BCE
Imhotep, ca. c. 2667-2600 BCE; Seated Statue, 332-30 BCE
Pyramid of Djoser, ca. 2667–2648 BCE
Experimental Pyramids (Old Kingdom)
Meidum Pyramid (to Sneferu), circa 2600 BCE
Bent Pyramid (to Sneferu), ca. 2600 BCE
Red Pyramid (to Sneferu), ca. 2600 BC
Meidum Pyramid (to Sneferu), circa 2600 BCE
Meidum Pyramid (to Sneferu), ca. 2600 BCE
Bent Pyramid (to Sneferu), ca. 2600 BCE
Bent Pyramid (to Sneferu), ca. 2600 BCE
Bent Pyramid (to Sneferu), ca. 2600 BCE
Bent Pyramid (to Sneferu), ca. 2600 BCE
corbel vault
arch-like construction method constructed by offsetting successive courses of stone (or brick)
corbel vault
arch-like construcNon method constructed by offseTng successive courses of stone (or brick)
Red Pyramid (to Sneferu), ca. 2600 BC
Middle Kingdom Egypt
2030 to 1650 BCE Power shared by provincial governors and the priesthood of important
deiNes.
Giza Pyramid Complex, ca. 2590-2490 BCE
Giza Pyramid Complex, ca. 2590-2490 BCE
Giza Pyramid Complex, ca. 2590-2490 BCE
Three Pyramids, Three Rulers
1. Khufu 2. Khafre 3. Menkaure
Pyramid of Khufu (Great Pyramid of Giza), ca. 2580-2560 BCE
Pyramid of Khufu (Great Pyramid of Giza), ca. 2580-2560 BCE
Pyramid of Khufu (Great Pyramid of Giza), ca. 2580-2560 BCE
Pyramid of Khufu (Great Pyramid of Giza), ca. 2580-2560 BCE
Boat pit near Pyramid of Khufu
Pyramid of Khafre, ca. 2530 BCE
Pyramid of Khafre, ca. 2530 BCE
Great Sphinx of Giza, ca. 2530 BCE
Great Sphinx of Giza, ca. 2530 BCE
Great Sphinx of Giza, ca. 2530 BCE
Pyramid of Menkaure, ca. 2510 BCE
Pyramid of Menkaure, ca. 2510 BCE
Menkaure and Queen, ca. 2490–2472 BCE
New Kingdom Egypt
1550-1070 BCE Reuniting of Egypt and establishing New Kingdom
Relief from the tomb of Djehutihotep, ca. 1900 BCE
Relief from the tomb of Djehutihotep, ca. 1900 BCE
Left: “Ostracon” ca. 1250 BCE, Right: Dier el-Medina Workers Housing ca. 1539-1075 BCE
Queen Hatshepsut
Rock-cut tombs
Rock-cut tombs
Rock-cut tomb of Thutmose III, ca. 1420 BCE
Rock-cut tomb of Thutmose III, ca. 1420 BCE
Rock-cut tomb of Thutmose III, ca. 1420 BCE
Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut, ca. 1450 BCE
Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut, ca. 1450 BCE
colonnade
a row of columns supporNng a roof
Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut, ca. 1450 BCE
Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut, ca. 1450 BCEPyramid of Khafre, ca. 2530 BCE
Temple of Amun-Re, ca. 2050-100 BCE
Temple of Amun-Re, ca. 2055-100 BCE
Main Entrance, Temple of Amun-Re, ca. 2055-100 BCE
pylon
monumental gateway consisting of consists of two tapering towers
Temple of Amun-Re, ca. 2055-100 BCE
Temple of Amun-Re, ca. 2055-100 BCE
hypostyle
having a roof supported by several rows of pillars; literally “under columns”
Temple of Amun-Re, ca. 2055-100 BCE
Hypostyle Hall, Temple of Amun-Re, ca. 2055-100 BCE
zep tepi (“The First Time”)
Festival Hall of Tuthmosis III, Karnak Temple, Luxor, Egypt
Pylon Entry for Ramesses II, ca. 1250 BCE
Abu Simbel, Aswān (1244-1224 BCE)
Abu Simbel, Aswān (1244-1224 BCE)
Jean-Charles Tardieu, Halte de l'armée française à Syène 2 février, 1799 CE
Rosetta Stone, ca. 196 BCE
Rosetta Stone, ca. 196 BCE
Architectural Drawing of a Garden, New Kingdom ca. 1550–1295 B.C.
Pyramid of Khafre, ca. 2530 BCEZiggurat at Ur, Sumer, ca. 2100 BCE
