Assignment 1 & 2
mepalacios3
Lecture2.pdf
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INST560, Internet of Things (IoT) Lecture 2: Winter 2023
Professor Aliakbar Jalali
1UNIVERSITY OF NORTH AMERICA
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Topics
Introduction
What Are IoT Applications?
IoT application domain
10 major IoT applications
More IoT applications
Conclusion
References
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Introduction • IoT (Internet of Things) applications refer to the use of connected devices that
can communicate and exchange data over the internet.
• These devices can range from consumer electronics, such as smart
thermostats and home security systems, to industrial equipment, such as
machinery and sensors used in manufacturing.
• IoT applications can be used in a variety of settings, including homes,
businesses, and public spaces.
• Overall, the goal of IoT applications is to make our lives more convenient,
efficient, and safe by enabling devices to communicate and exchange data in
real-time, enabling us to make more informed decisions.
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Reasons People and organization are using IoT Applications
• Increased efficiency: IoT applications can help organizations improve their processes and operations by
enabling them to monitor and control their systems more effectively. For example, an IoT-based
transportation system can track the movement of goods and vehicles in real-time, allowing businesses to
optimize routes and reduce waste.
• Improved safety: IoT applications can help improve safety in a variety of settings, such as by monitoring
safety equipment in industrial environments or by alerting emergency services in the event of an accident.
• Enhanced customer experience: IoT applications can be used to improve the customer experience by
providing personalized services and support. For example, a smart home system can learn a person's
routine and adjust the temperature, lighting, and other settings accordingly.
• Cost savings: IoT applications can help organizations save money by reducing the need for manual labor
and improving resource efficiency. For example, a smart irrigation system can use weather data and soil
moisture sensors to optimize watering schedules and reduce water waste.
• Overall, the use of IoT applications can help organizations and individuals increase efficiency, improve
safety, enhance customer experiences, and save money.
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The Impact of IoT Applications • Data is the new currency, IoT applications are sources of generating,
processing and distributing data, this is what drives the concept of the Internet of Things.
• How is the stored and analyzed data from IoT application are used?
• Businesses: Businesses determine buying patterns, forecast new
trends, and streamline production.
• Government: Governments monitor the environment, forecast
population trends, predict crime rates, and plan for social services.
• City: Cities control traffic, monitor parking, provide police or fire
support quicker, and control waste management.
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The Impact of IoT Applications, Can Smart Devices Think?
• Smart devices, such as those found on the Internet of Things (IoT), do
not have the ability to think in the same way that humans do.
• Rather, they are programmed to perform specific tasks and to make
decisions based on the data that they collect and the instructions that
they receive.
• All digital devices work based on computer programs and supplied
data.
• Artificial Intelligence implies that these devices can think on their own.
• If programmed appropriately, smart devices can evaluate data that is
provided to them and modify processes or settings “on the fly”.
• If they are provided with sufficient data, they can “learn” and modify
their own code based on the new parameters.
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The Impact of IoT Applications, Can Smart Devices Think?
• For example, a smart thermostat can be programmed to turn the heating or air
conditioning on and off based on the temperature in a room.
• It can also learn a person's schedule and adjust the temperature accordingly.
However, it does not have the ability to think or make decisions on its own.
• Similarly, a smart home security system can use sensors to detect motion and
trigger an alarm, but it does not have the ability to assess the situation and
decide whether to sound the alarm. It simply follows the instructions it has
been given.
• Overall, while smart devices can perform tasks and make decisions based on
data and instructions, they do not have the ability to think or reason in the way
that humans do.
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The Impact of IoT Applications, Can Smart Devices Think?
• Example: Imagine a refrigerated transport truck, carrying frozen
goods, that is equipped with a global positioning sensor.
• As the truck drives into a major city, the sensor determines that
there is an accident ahead that is causing major traffic
congestion.
• The sensor sends the data to the computer system that collects
the data and make decisions.
• The system then alerts the driver to the new conditions so that the
accident can be bypassed.
• This automatic interaction has saved the driver time and will get
the transported product to market faster with a product that is still
frozen.
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What Are IoT Applications? • IoT applications run on IoT devices and can be created
to be specific to almost every industry and vertical,
including healthcare, industrial automation, smart
homes and buildings, automotive, and wearable
technology. Increasingly, IoT applications are using AI
and machine learning to add intelligence to devices.
• An IoT application is making the devices connected to
each other and the internet, it let them collect and
communicate data and make precise and informed
decisions through Machine Learning and Neural
Networks collecting, processing and delivering billions
of petabytes of data every day to users.
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IoT Applications Domains 1. Smart homes: IoT devices can be used to automate and control various aspects of a home, such as lighting,
heating, and appliances.
2. Smart cities: IoT applications can be used to improve the efficiency and sustainability of urban environments,
including by optimizing transportation systems, managing waste and water resources, and improving public safety.
3. Healthcare: IoT devices can be used to monitor and track patient health, such as through wearable devices that
track vital signs or smart pills that can be ingested and transmit data to healthcare providers.
4. Agriculture: IoT devices can be used to optimize crop production, such as by monitoring soil moisture and
temperature, and by automating irrigation and fertilization.
5. Manufacturing: Industrial IoT (IIoT) applications can be used to improve efficiency and safety in manufacturing
environments, such as by monitoring equipment and automating processes.
6. Transportation: IoT applications can be used to optimize the movement of goods, people, and vehicles, such as
through connected car systems or smart traffic management systems.
• Overall, the use of IoT applications has the potential to improve efficiency, safety, and sustainability in a wide
range of domains.
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IoT Applications Domain Transportation and Logistics
Logistics
Mobile ticketing
Assisted driving
Environm ent
monitorin g
Augmente d maps
Traffic jam
reduction
Smart Environment
Comfortable homes/offic
es
Industrial plants
Environm ental
pollution Energy
efficiency monitorin
g
Healthcare
Tracking
Identification ,
authenticatio n
Data collection
Sensing
Personal and social
Social networkin
g
Thefts
Historical queries
Losses
Futuristic
Robot taxi
City informatio n model
Enhanced game room
Weather & water systems
Weather condition
Water quality
Water leakage
Water level
Water contaminatio
n
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10 Major IoT Applications 1.IoT in Smart Homes
2.Smart City
3.Smart Healthcare
4.Smart Farming
5.Smart Wearables
6.Smart Cars
7.Smart Grids
8.Industrial Internet (IIoT)
9.IoT Smart Retail Shops
10.Smart Traffic management
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Top 10 IoT Applications in 2023
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IoT in Smart Home
Smart Home
Automation Will
Change the Way We
Live!
• What is Smart
Home?
• What are definition,
functions, benefits,
and more.
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IoT based Smart Home • An IoT (Internet of Things) based smart home is a home that is equipped with a network
of interconnected devices that can communicate with each other and with the internet. These devices can be controlled remotely using a smartphone or other device and can be programmed to perform a variety of tasks such as controlling the lighting, heating, and cooling, as well as security and other household functions.
• Smart home devices can be connected to the internet via a variety of methods, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, or a dedicated hub that connects to the internet via an Ethernet cable. Some examples of smart home devices include smart thermostats, smart lights, smart plugs, smart locks, smart security cameras, and smart appliances such as washing machines, dryers, and refrigerators.
• By using an app or other interface, homeowners can control and monitor their smart home devices from anywhere, if they have an internet connection. This can provide convenience, energy savings, and added security.
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Smart Home Definition • A smart home refers to a convenient home setup where appliances and
devices can be automatically controlled remotely from anywhere with an
internet connection using a mobile or other networked device.
• Devices in a smart home are interconnected through the internet,
allowing the user to control functions such as security access to the
home, temperature, lighting, and a home theater remotely.
• Smart homes can be set up through wireless or hardwired systems.
• Smart home technology provides homeowners with convenience and cost
savings.
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IoT in Smart Home • Smart Home Automation
• Smart home automation refers to the use of technology to control and
automate various tasks and functions in the home. This can include
things like turning lights on and off, adjusting the temperature of the
thermostat, controlling appliances, and managing security systems.
• Smart home automation can be achieved using smart home devices,
which are connected to the internet and can be controlled remotely
using a smartphone or other device. These devices can be
programmed to perform certain tasks automatically, or they can be
controlled manually using an app or other interface.
• Smart home automation can also make it easier for homeowners to
control and monitor their home from anywhere, if they have an
internet connection.
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IoT in Smart Home • Smart Buildings
• A smart building is a building that is equipped with a network of
interconnected devices that can communicate with each other and with the
internet. These devices can be used to control and automate various
functions within the building, such as lighting, heating and cooling, security,
and access control.
• Smart buildings often use sensors and other types of monitoring technology
to collect data about the building's environment, such as temperature,
humidity, and air quality. This data can be used to optimize the building's
performance and energy efficiency, as well as to improve the comfort and
safety of the people who use the building.
• Smart buildings can also use technology to improve communication and
collaboration among building occupants, such as through the use of video
conferencing or other types of online collaboration tools. By using these
technologies, smart buildings can improve productivity, reduce costs, and
enhance the overall user experience.
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IoT in Smart Home • Smart Home Sensors
• Smart homes can be equipped with motion sensors, water
sensors, light sensors, doorbell sensors, and temperature
sensors.
• There can be sensors in traffic lights, transport trucks,
parking garages, security cameras, trains, and planes.
• All these sensors and measuring devices collect and
transmit their data.
• The data can be stored and analyzed later, or it can be
analyzed immediately to be used to modify computers,
mobile devices, or processes of any sort.
• How is the stored and analyzed data used?
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SMART home sensors communication through the internet of things. (http://www.nibib.nih.gov/sites/default/files/SMART-HOUSE_2_DCook.jpg).
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IoT in Smart Home
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IoT in Smart Home
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The global smart home market
• The global Smart
Home Security
market size is
projected to reach
USD 1432.1 million
by 2026, from USD
667.2 million in 2019,
at a CAGR of 11.4%
during 2021-2026.
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Home Automation Using the Internet of Things (IoT)
• The technology that is required to build a home automation platform
includes:
• Hardware, software, protocols, sensors, architectures, gateways,
and platforms for running the applications like:
• Lighting control, HVAC, Lawn/Gardening, management, Smart Home
Appliances, Improved Home safety and security, Home air quality and
water quality monitoring, Natural Language-based voice assistants,
Better Infotainment delivery, AI-driven digital experiences, Smart
Switches, Smart Locks and Smart Energy Meters
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Smart Homes • Some Advantages:
1. Convenience: Smart homes allow homeowners to control and monitor their home from anywhere, if
they have an internet connection. This can make it easier to manage tasks and functions such as
turning lights on and off, adjusting the thermostat, and controlling appliances.
2. Energy efficiency: Smart home devices can be programmed to turn off or adjust the use of energy-
consuming appliances when they are not needed, which can help to reduce energy costs.
3. Security: Smart home security systems can alert homeowners to any unusual activity and allow them
to monitor their home remotely using security cameras.
4. Comfort: Smart thermostats can be programmed to adjust the temperature in the home to maintain a
comfortable environment.
5. Increased value: Smart homes can be more attractive to potential buyers or renters, as they offer a
range of modern conveniences and technologies.
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Smart Homes • Some Disadvantages
1.Cost: The initial cost of setting up a smart home can be significant, as it involves
purchasing and installing a variety of devices.
2.Complexity: Some people may find it challenging to set up and use smart home
devices, especially if they are not familiar with technology.
3.Dependence on technology: Smart homes rely on technology, which means that they
can be vulnerable to technical problems or malfunctions.
4.Privacy concerns: Some people may be concerned about the privacy implications of
having their home constantly monitored by sensors and devices.
5.Cybersecurity risks: Smart homes are connected to the internet, which means they
are vulnerable to cyber attacks. It is important to take steps to secure smart home
devices and protect against these threats.
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Video: Smart Home Tour • How to start a SMART HOME in 2022 (15 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TTpkECCNAPg
• How to start or expand your smart home in 2022, what devices you need, how the Matter standard impacts you,
and see how we automate our own smart home.
• Smart Home Tour: Fully Automated! (17 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RLkASaFQPkc
• My smart home has a LOT of home automation, but what’s even better is you can set this all up yourself. Let me
show you around!
• AWS IoT for the Connected Home (2 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FerZ0KvlP7g
• As the use of connected home devices continue to grow, more and more data is being pushed to the cloud,
where the latest IoT and machine learning technologies are enabling new innovations in connected home
applications. AWS IoT helps connected home device manufacturers easily, quickly, and securely build
differentiated connected home products at scale.
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Smart City
Smart City
Automation Will
Change the Way
We Live! • What is Smart City?
• What are definition,
functions, benefits,
and more.
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IoT based Smart City • An IoT (Internet of Things) based smart city is a city that is equipped with a network of
interconnected devices that can communicate with each other and with the internet. These devices
can be used to collect and analyze data about the city and its operations and can be used to control
and automate various functions within the city, such as traffic management, public transportation,
energy consumption, and public safety.
• Smart city devices can be connected to the internet via a variety of methods, such as Wi-Fi,
Bluetooth, or a dedicated hub that connects to the internet via an Ethernet cable. Some examples of
smart city devices include sensors that monitor traffic flow, air quality, and water usage; smart
streetlights that can be dimmed or turned off when they are not needed; and smart parking systems
that help drivers find available parking spaces.
• By using this technology, cities can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of their operations,
reduce costs, and improve the quality of life for their citizens. Smart cities can also use data analytics
to identify patterns and trends, and to make data-driven decisions about how to allocate resources
and address issues.
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Smart City Definition • A smart city is a city that uses technology and data analytics to improve the
efficiency and effectiveness of its operations, and to enhance the quality of
life for its citizens.
• A smart city uses information and communication technology (ICT) to improve
operational efficiency, share information with the public and provide a better
quality of government service and citizen welfare.
• The main goal of a smart city is to optimize city functions and promote
economic growth while also improving the quality of life for citizens by using
smart technologies and data analysis.
• Smart cities are designed to be more efficient, sustainable, and livable, and to
provide citizens with better access to services and amenities.
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Example of Smart City • There are many examples of smart cities around the world. Some of
the most well-known include:
1.Singapore: Singapore is often cited as one of the most advanced smart cities in the
world. The city-state has invested heavily in technology and data analytics to improve
the efficiency and effectiveness of its operations, and to enhance the quality of life for
its citizens. Some examples of smart city initiatives in Singapore include a network of
sensors that monitor traffic flow and air quality, and a smart transportation system that
uses data analytics to optimize the routing of buses and taxis.
2.Barcelona: Barcelona has implemented a range of smart city initiatives to improve the
efficiency and sustainability of its operations. These include a network of sensors that
monitor air quality, noise levels, and energy consumption, and a smart transportation
system that uses data analytics to optimize the routing of public transportation.
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Example of Smart City 3. Songdo, South Korea: Songdo is a purpose-built smart city that was designed from the
ground up to be sustainable, efficient, and livable. The city is equipped with a range of smart
city technologies, including a network of sensors that monitor traffic flow, air quality, and
water usage, and a smart transportation system that uses data analytics to optimize the
routing of buses and taxis.
4- Amsterdam: Amsterdam has implemented a range of smart city initiatives to improve the
efficiency and sustainability of its operations. These include a network of sensors that
monitor air quality, noise levels, and energy consumption, and a smart transportation system
that uses data analytics to optimize the routing of public transportation.
5. San Diego: San Diego has implemented a range of smart city initiatives to improve the
efficiency and sustainability of its operations. These include a network of sensors that
monitor traffic flow, air quality, and water usage, and a smart transportation system that uses
data analytics to optimize the routing of public transportation.
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Example of Smart City • Smart City functions
• Example 1: Smart Cities, such as Barcelona, Spain, use sensors to control many of
their infrastructure systems such as traffic flow, parking, water utilization, and
hydro
• Example 2: Weight sensors in parking spaces allow drivers to quickly know where
there is an available parking spot.
• This reduces driving and idling time for the driver and lowers carbon emissions for
the environment.
• Example 3: Sensors on traffic lights can detect traffic congestion.
• This data is sent to the computer system that collects data and make decisions.
• The new decisions are sent to actuators that modify red versus green light times to
assist the flow of traffic.
• This also alleviates idling but also reduces driver frustration and accidents.
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Example • Smart Cities, such as Barcelona, Spain, use sensors to control
many of their infrastructure systems such as traffic flow,
parking, water utilization, and hydro.
• Example 1: Weight sensors in parking spaces allow drivers to
quickly know where there is an available parking spot. This
reduces driving and idling time for the driver and lowers carbon
emissions for the environment.
• Example 2: Sensors on traffic lights can detect traffic
congestion. This data is sent to the computer system that
collects data and make decisions.
• The new decisions are sent to actuators that modify red versus
green light times to assist the flow of traffic.
• This also alleviates idling but also reduces driver frustration and
accidents.
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The global smart Cities market • The global Smart
Cities Market size to
grow from USD
457.0 billion in 2021
to USD 873.7 billion
by 2026, at a
Compound Annual
Growth Rate (CAGR)
of 13.8% during the
forecast period. 34
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Top 5 Smart City in 2022 • According to Technavio,
the global smart city
market size is projected to
grow by USD 288.7
billion from 2022 to 2027.
• The market is estimated to
grow at a CAGR of 24.53%
during the forecast period.
Moreover, the growth
momentum will accelerate.
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Smart City Application Examples
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Sample Smart Cities Projects
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History of Smart Cities • The concept of smart cities began as far back as the 1960s and 1970s when the US
Community Analysis Bureau began using databases, aerial photography and cluster
analysis to collect data, direct resources and issue reports in order to direct services,
mitigate against disasters and reduce poverty.
• This led to the creation of the first generation of smart cities.
• The first generation of smart city was delivered by technology providers to
understand the implications of technology on daily life.
• This led to the second generation of smart city, which looked at how smart
technologies and other innovations could create joined-up municipal solutions.
• The third generation of smart city took the control away from technology providers
and city leaders, instead creating a model that involved the public and enabled social
inclusion and community engagement.
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Smart City Technologies • Smart city technologies refer to a range of technologies and solutions that are used to
improve the quality of life and efficiency of urban areas.
• These technologies can be used in various sectors, such as transportation, energy,
healthcare, public safety, and environmental management, to name a few. Some
examples of smart city technologies include:
1.Intelligent transportation systems: These technologies are used to improve the
efficiency and safety of transportation networks, such as traffic management
systems, public transportation systems, and electric vehicle charging stations.
2.Energy management systems: These technologies are used to optimize the use of
energy in urban areas, such as smart grids and energy-efficient lighting systems.
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Smart City Technologies 3. Healthcare systems: These technologies are used to improve the delivery of
healthcare services in urban areas, such as telemedicine and electronic health
records.
4. Public safety systems: These technologies are used to improve public safety
in urban areas, such as surveillance cameras, emergency notification systems,
and crime prediction software.
5. Environmental management systems: These technologies are used to
improve the management of natural resources and the environment in urban
areas, such as air quality monitoring systems and waste management systems.
• Overall, the goal of smart city technologies is to make urban areas more
livable, efficient, and sustainable.
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How Smart Cities Work • Smart cities follow four steps to improve the quality of life and enable
economic growth through a network of connected IoT devices and other
technologies. These steps are as follows:
• 1. Collection – Smart sensors gather real-time data
• 2. Analysis – The data is analyzed to gain insights into the operation of city
services and operations
• 3. Communication – The results of the data analysis are communicated to
decision makers
• 4. Action – Action is taken to improve operations, manage assets and improve
the quality of city life for the residents 41
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Why Smart Cities Are Important • 54% of the world’s population live in cities and this is expected to
rise to 66% by 2050, adding a further 2.5 billion people to the
urban population over the next three decades.
• With this expected population growth there comes a need to
manage environmental, social and economic sustainability of
resources.
• Smart cities allow citizens and local government authorities to
work together to launch initiatives and use smart technologies to
manage assets and resources in the growing urban environment.
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Smart City Challenges • Implementing smart city technologies can present a range of challenges, including:
1.Funding: One of the main challenges of implementing smart city technologies is the
cost. These technologies can be expensive to develop and deploy and finding the
necessary funding can be a challenge.
2.Integration: Another challenge is integrating different smart city technologies and
systems so that they work together effectively. This can be especially challenging if
different technologies are developed by different vendors or use different protocols
and standards.
3.Data privacy: Smart city technologies often rely on the collection and analysis of large
amounts of data, which raises concerns about data privacy and security. Ensuring
that data is collected, stored, and used in a way that respects the privacy of
individuals is important.
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Smart City Challenges 4.Cybersecurity: Smart city technologies can also be vulnerable to cyber attacks, which
can disrupt critical infrastructure and services. Ensuring the security of these
technologies is therefore important.
5.Public acceptance: The implementation of smart city technologies can also be
challenging if it is not well-received by the public. It is important to involve the public in
the planning and implementation of these technologies to ensure that they are accepted
and used effectively.
6.Governance: Another challenge is establishing effective governance frameworks for
the planning, implementation, and operation of smart city technologies. This includes
ensuring that there is a clear and transparent process for decision-making, as well as
establishing clear roles and responsibilities for different stakeholders.
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Smart City Challenges • More challenges
• Smart city projects need to be transparent and available to citizens via an open data portal
or mobile app.
• This allows residents to engage with the data and complete personal tasks like paying bills, finding
efficient transportation options and assessing energy consumption in the home.
• This all requires a solid and secure system of data collection and storage to prevent hacking or misuse.
Smart city data also needs to be anonymized to prevent privacy issues from arising.
• The largest challenge is quite probably that of connectivity, with thousands or even
millions of IoT devices needing to connect and work in unison.
• This will allow services to be joined up and ongoing improvements to be made as demand increases.
• Technology aside, smart cities also need to account for social factors that provide a
cultural fabric that is attractive to residents and offer a sense of place.
• This is particularly important for those cities that are being created from the ground up and need to
attract residents.
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Are Smart City Secure? • Smart city technologies can be vulnerable to security threats, such as cyber attacks, data breaches, and
physical attacks on infrastructure. Ensuring the security of these technologies is therefore important. There
are several steps that can be taken to improve the security of smart city technologies, including:
1. Implementing strong cybersecurity measures: This can include measures such as encryption, secure
authentication protocols, and regular software updates to address vulnerabilities.
2. Ensuring the physical security of infrastructure: This can include measures such as perimeter security,
surveillance cameras, and physical barriers to protect against unauthorized access or tampering.
3. Implementing data privacy safeguards: This can include measures such as data minimization, de-
identification, and secure storage and transmission of data to protect against data breaches and
unauthorized access.
4. Establishing governance frameworks: It is important to establish clear roles and responsibilities for
different stakeholders and to have a clear and transparent process for decision-making to ensure that smart
city technologies are used effectively and securely.
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Are Smart City Secure? • Overall, while smart city technologies have the potential to bring many benefits, it is important to
ensure that they are implemented and used in a way that is secure and respects the privacy of
individuals.
• Smart cities offer plenty of benefits to improve citizen safety, such as connected surveillance
systems, intelligent roadways and public safety monitoring, but what about protecting the smart
cities themselves?
• There is a need to ensure smart cities are protected from cyber attacks, hacking and data theft while
also making sure the data that is reported is accurate.
• In order to manage the security of smart cities there is a need to implement measures such as
physical data vaults, resilient authentication management and ID solutions.
• Citizens need to trust the security of smart cities which means government, private sector
enterprise, software developers, device manufacturers, energy providers and network service
managers need to work together to deliver integrated solutions with core security objectives.
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Are Smart City Secure? • These core security objectives can be broken down as follows:
1. Availability – Data needs to be available in real time with reliable access in order to make sure it
performs it function in monitoring the various parts of the smart city infrastructure
2. Integrity – The data must not only be readily available, but it must also be accurate. This also means
safeguarding against manipulation from outside
3. Confidentiality – Sensitive data needs to be kept confidential and safe from unauthorized access. This
may mean the use of firewalls or the anonymizing of data
4. Accountability – System users need to be accountable for their actions and interaction with sensitive
data systems. Users' logs should record who is accessing the information to ensure accountability
should there be any problems
• Legislation is already being put in place in different nations, such as the IoT Cybersecurity
Improvement Act in the United States to help determine and establish minimum security
requirements for connected devices in smart cities.
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Video: Smart City • Smart Cities: Improving Mobility, Access and Safety with Sensor Technology (6 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NylvPFqEmtg
• How can cities meet the needs of millions more people? Today city planners and
companies are working together to develop the biggest technological innovation yet – the
smart city. In this video learn what a smart city is, how sensors are important to developing
smart city infrastructure, and the importance of integrating data into that infrastructure.
Hear from experts in the field and see examples of powerful smart city applications.
• How Smart are Smart Cities? (12 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6bRs_SZ0pUY
• Smart cities are meant to improve the lives of city dwellers. But these systems require
huge amounts of data to work. How is this data collected? And what are the potential
pitfalls?
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Smart Healthcare
Smart Healthcare
Automation Will
Change the Way
We Live! • What is Smart
Healthcare?
• What are definition,
functions, benefits,
and more. 50
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IoT is Transforming the Healthcare Industry
51
• Healthcare is about to change
beyond recognition.
• The need to collect, store, and
analyze patient data has driven the
healthcare industry to embrace
various trending digital
technologies.
Internet of Things (IoT)
Cloud ComputingArtificial Intelligence (AI) Wearables to track health vitals
Smart Hospitals
Mobile Healthcare (mHealth)
Real-time monitoring
Better patient experience Cost Reduction
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IoT based Smart Healthcare • Internet of Things based smart healthcare refers to the use of internet-connected devices and
sensors to monitor and manage healthcare data and processes. These devices and sensors can be
used to track various health-related metrics, such as physical activity, heart rate, blood pressure, and
sleep patterns, as well as to administer medication and monitor patient vital signs.
• IoT based smart healthcare systems can help improve the quality and efficiency of healthcare
delivery by enabling real-time monitoring and analysis of patient data, and by enabling healthcare
professionals to remotely access and manage patient care. They can also help to reduce the cost of
healthcare by automating certain processes and reducing the need for in-person visits.
• Some examples of IoT based smart healthcare applications include wearable devices that track and
monitor vital signs, remote patient monitoring systems that allow healthcare professionals to
remotely monitor the health of patients, and smart pill bottles that alert patients when it is time to
take their medication.
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Definition of Smart Healthcare • Smart healthcare, also known as digital healthcare
or eHealth, refers to the use of digital technologies
and data to improve the delivery and quality of
healthcare services.
• Smart healthcare can be defined as an integration
of patients and doctors onto a common platform for
intelligent health monitoring by analyzing day-to-
day human activities.
• Smart healthcare is an open, standards-based
technology IoT-based platform that enables
innovators to create apps that seamlessly and
securely run across the healthcare system. 53
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Smart healthcare Market • Smart healthcare products are a tool that incorporates advanced
technologies to provide patients with improved treatment and enhance
the quality of life.
• Some of the most popular kinds of smart health care items are smart
pills, smart syringes, smart insulin pens, connected inhalers, asthma
monitors, electronic health care, etc.
• They have reliable patient-related data and assist physicians to
properly handle their patients.
• The growth of this market is driven by rising chronic illnesses such as
diabetes, cancer, heart disease, etc. 54
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The global Smart Healthcare Market • According to Precedence
Research, the global smart
healthcare market size is
predicted to hit around US$
482.25 billion by 2027, growing at
a CAGR of 17.97%.
• The global smart healthcare
market size was estimated at USD
153.6 billion in 2021 and is
expected to witness a compound
annual growth rate (CAGR) of
13.3% from 2022 to 2030.
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Advantages and Disadvantages of IoT base Smart Healthcare
• Advantages:
1.Improved patient care: IoT based smart healthcare systems can enable real-time
monitoring and analysis of patient data, allowing healthcare professionals to quickly
identify and address potential issues. They can also enable remote patient monitoring,
allowing healthcare professionals to remotely monitor the health of patients and provide
care without the need for in-person visits.
2.Increased efficiency: Smart healthcare systems can help to automate certain processes,
such as appointment scheduling and prescription refill requests, which can help to reduce
the workload of healthcare professionals and improve the efficiency of healthcare
delivery.
3.Improved patient engagement: IoT based smart healthcare systems can help to empower
patients by providing them with access to their own health data and enabling them to be
more involved in their own care.
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Advantages of IoT smart Healthcare
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Advantages of IoT smart Healthcare • More advantages:
• Traditional healthcare is unable to accommodate everyone’s needs due to the tremendous increase in population.
• Despite having excellent infrastructure, and cutting-edge technologies, medical services are not approachable or
affordable to everyone.
• One of the goals of smart healthcare is to help users by educating them about their medical status and keeping them
health-aware.
• Smart healthcare empowers users to self-manage some emergency situations.
• It provides an emphasis on improving the quality and experience of the user.
• Smart healthcare helps in utilizing available resources to their maximum potential.
• It aids remote monitoring of patients and helps in reducing the cost of the treatment for the user.
• It also helps medical practitioners to extend their services without any geographical barriers.
• With an increasing trend towards smart cities, an effective smart healthcare system assures a healthy living for its
citizens.
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Advantages and Disadvantages of IoT base Smart Healthcare
• Disadvantages:
1.Privacy and security concerns: The use of IoT based systems in healthcare can raise
concerns about the privacy and security of sensitive patient data. It is important to ensure
that appropriate measures are in place to protect patient privacy and secure data.
2.Dependency on technology: IoT based smart healthcare systems rely on technology, which
can be vulnerable to malfunctions and outages. This can potentially impact the delivery of
healthcare services if systems are not functioning properly.
3.Potential for discrimination: There is a risk that data collected through IoT based smart
healthcare systems could be used to discriminate against certain groups of people, such
as those with pre-existing conditions. It is important to ensure that data is used ethically
and fairly.
4.Cost: Implementing and maintaining IoT based smart healthcare systems can be
expensive, which may be a barrier for some healthcare organizations.
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What are smart medical devices? • Smart medical devices are medical devices that are
connected to the internet and can collect, transmit, and
analyze data. They can be used to monitor and manage
various aspects of healthcare, including patient vital signs,
medication administration, and diagnosis and treatment of
diseases.
• Equipped with wireless IoT technology able to monitor and
transmit critical data in real time, a smart medical
device links doctors with patients at home or enroute to the
hospital.
• These devices provide patients a high level of mobility and
healthcare providers the ability to remotely monitor patient
status.
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Some examples of smart medical devices 1.Wearable devices: These are devices that can be worn on the body and track various
health-related metrics, such as heart rate, physical activity, and sleep patterns. Examples
include fitness trackers and smartwatches.
2.Remote patient monitoring systems: These are devices that allow healthcare professionals
to remotely monitor the health of patients. They can be used to track vital signs and other
health metrics, and to alert healthcare professionals to potential issues.
3.Smart inhalers: These are inhalers that are equipped with sensors and connected to the
internet. They can track when the inhaler is used and provide data to healthcare
professionals to help them monitor and manage the patient's condition.
4.Smart pill bottles: These are bottles that contain medication and are equipped with
sensors and connected to the internet. They can track when the medication is taken and
alert the patient if a dose is missed.
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Healthcare IoT devices • Healthcare IoT devices allow medical professionals to collect data on the condition of
patients without the risks that come with bringing large numbers of potentially
infectious people together in proximity.
• Beyond pandemic response use cases, though, they also allow doctors to potentially
examine, diagnose and treat larger numbers of patients, as well as expand healthcare
to regions where physical access to doctors or hospitals is difficult due to remoteness
or difficulty of access.
• Smart medical devices can help to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of
healthcare delivery by enabling real-time monitoring and analysis of patient data, and
by enabling healthcare professionals to remotely access and manage patient care.
They can also help to reduce the cost of healthcare by automating certain processes
and reducing the need for in-person visits.
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IoT Applications in Healthcare
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IoT Applications in Healthcare • There are many potential applications of IoT (Internet of Things) in healthcare, including:
1.Wearable devices: These are devices that can be worn on the body and track various
health-related metrics, such as heart rate, physical activity, and sleep patterns. Examples
include fitness trackers and smartwatches.
2.Remote patient monitoring systems: These are devices that allow healthcare professionals
to remotely monitor the health of patients. They can be used to track vital signs and other
health metrics, and to alert healthcare professionals to potential issues.
3.Smart inhalers: These are inhalers that are equipped with sensors and connected to the
internet. They can track when the inhaler is used and provide data to healthcare
professionals to help them monitor and manage the patient's condition.
4.Smart pill bottles: These are bottles that contain medication and are equipped with
sensors and connected to the internet. They can track when the medication is taken and
alert the patient if a dose is missed.
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5 IoT Applications in Healthcare
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IoT Applications in Healthcare 5.Medical devices: Many medical devices, such as pacemakers, insulin pumps, and dialysis
machines, can be connected to the internet and equipped with sensors to enable real-time
monitoring and analysis of patient data.
6.Electronic health records: Electronic health records (EHRs) are digital versions of a
patient's medical history and records. They can be accessed and updated remotely using IoT
devices, which can help to improve the efficiency and accuracy of healthcare delivery.
7.Telemedicine: IoT devices can be used to facilitate remote consultations between patients
and healthcare professionals, allowing patients to receive care from the comfort of their own
homes.
8.Healthcare analytics: IoT devices can generate large amounts of data that can be used to
identify trends and patterns in healthcare. This data can be used to inform research and
development, as well as to improve the delivery of healthcare services.
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Smart healthcare Systems classification
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Smart healthcare Systems classification • There are several ways that smart healthcare systems can be classified:
1. By type of technology: Smart healthcare systems can be classified based on the types of technology
that they use, such as electronic health records (EHRs), telemedicine, wearable devices, or medical
devices.
2. By level of integration: Smart healthcare systems can be classified based on the extent to which they
are integrated into healthcare delivery, such as at the patient, healthcare provider, or healthcare
system level.
3. By type of data: Smart healthcare systems can be classified based on the types of data that they
collect and analyze, such as patient medical records, vital signs, or genomics data.
4. By type of application: Smart healthcare systems can be classified based on the specific applications
that they are used for, such as disease management, population health management, or precision
medicine.
5. By type of service: Smart healthcare systems can be classified based on the types of services that
they provide, such as diagnostic services, treatment services, or preventative care services.
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Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) • The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) refers to the
use of internet-connected devices and sensors to
collect, transmit, and analyze healthcare data. It is a
subset of the larger Internet of Things (IoT) and
includes a wide range of medical devices and
technologies that are used in the healthcare
industry.
• The use of IoMT can help to improve the efficiency
and effectiveness of healthcare delivery by enabling
real-time monitoring and analysis of patient data,
and by enabling healthcare professionals to remotely
access and manage patient care. It can also help to
reduce the cost of healthcare by automating certain
processes and reducing the need for in-person visits.
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Some examples of IoMT devices and technologies 1. Wearable devices: These are devices that can be worn on the body and track various health-related metrics,
such as heart rate, physical activity, and sleep patterns. Examples include fitness trackers and
smartwatches.
2. Remote patient monitoring systems: These are devices that allow healthcare professionals to remotely
monitor the health of patients. They can be used to track vital signs and other health metrics, and to alert
healthcare professionals to potential issues.
3. Smart inhalers: These are inhalers that are equipped with sensors and connected to the internet. They can
track when the inhaler is used and provide data to healthcare professionals to help them monitor and
manage the patient's condition.
4. Smart pill bottles: These are bottles that contain medication and are equipped with sensors and connected
to the internet. They can track when the medication is taken and alert the patient if a dose is missed.
5. Medical devices: Many medical devices, such as pacemakers, insulin pumps, and dialysis machines, can be
connected to the internet and equipped with sensors to enable real-time monitoring and analysis of patient
data.
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Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) Market • IoMT’s impact on the
healthcare market is
undeniable and irreversible.
• The global internet of medical
things (IoMT) market was
valued at US$ 39.3 billion in
2020 and is expected to reach
over US$ 172.4 billion by 2030,
growing at a CAGR of
15.9% from 2021 to 2030.
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What is the difference between IoT and IoMT? • IoT refers to the network of physical devices, vehicles, buildings, and other
objects that are embedded with sensors, software, and connectivity to
enable them to collect and exchange data.
• Similarly, IoMT is a subset of IoT that refers specifically to the use of
connected devices in the healthcare industry.
• They differ from general IoT not just in terms of usage, but also in design.
• IoT is often more consumer-focused, designed to provide maximum
convenience and usability.
• IoMT devices include a range of medical devices, such as wearable fitness
trackers, smart pills, and smart medical equipment, that are used to monitor
and manage patient health. IoMT devices can also include non-medical
devices, such as smartphones and smart watches, that are used for health-
related purposes, such as tracking physical activity or monitoring vital signs.
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Smart Farming
Smart Farming
Automation Will
Change the Way We
Live! • What is Smart Farming?
• What are definition,
functions, benefits, and
more.
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IOT Transforming The Future Of Agriculture • With the exponential growth of world population, according to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, the
world will need to produce 70% more food in 2050, shrinking agricultural lands, and depletion of finite natural
resources, the need to enhance farm yield has become critical.
• Limited availability of natural resources such as fresh water and arable land along with slowing yield trends in
several staple crops, have further aggravated the problem.
• Another impeding concern over the farming industry is the shifting structure of agricultural workforce. Moreover,
agricultural labor in most of the countries has declined.
• As a result of the declining agricultural workforce, adoption of internet connectivity solutions in farming practices
has been triggered, to reduce the need for manual labor.
• IoT solutions are focused on helping farmers close the supply demand gap, by ensuring high yields, profitability,
and protection of the environment.
• The approach of using IoT technology to ensure optimum application of resources to achieve high crop yields and
reduce operational costs is called precision agriculture.
• IoT in agriculture technologies comprise specialized equipment, wireless connectivity, software and IT services.
74https://www.iotsworldcongress.com/iot-transforming-the-future-of-agriculture/
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IoT based Smart Farming • IoT (Internet of Things) based smart farming refers to the use of IoT technology to improve
the efficiency and productivity of farming operations. This can involve the use of sensors,
smart devices, and other IoT technologies to monitor and control various aspects of the
farming process, such as irrigation, temperature, humidity, and soil quality.
• One example of an IoT based smart farming solution is the use of sensors to monitor soil
moisture levels and automatically control irrigation systems to provide the optimal amount
of water for crops. This can help to reduce water waste and improve crop yield.
• Other examples of IoT based smart farming solutions include the use of smart devices to
monitor and control temperature and humidity in greenhouses, the use of sensors to track
the location and movement of livestock, and the use of drones or other aerial vehicles to
collect data on crop health and soil conditions.
• Overall, the use of IoT technology in farming can help to increase efficiency, reduce costs,
and improve the sustainability of farming operations.
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IoT basd Smart Farming
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Definition of Smart Farming • "Smart farming" is an emerging concept that refers to managing
farms using technologies like IoT, robotics, drones and AI to
increase the quantity and quality of products while optimizing the
human labor required by production.
• Many believe that IoT can add value to all areas of farming, from
growing crops to forestry.
• While there are several ways that IoT can improve farming, two of
the major ways IoT can revolutionize agriculture are precision
farming and farming automation.
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Advantages and Disadvantages of IoT Smart Farming
• There are several advantages to using IoT technology in smart farming, including:
1.Increased efficiency: Smart farming solutions can help to optimize various aspects of
the farming process, such as irrigation and pest control, leading to increased efficiency
and productivity.
2.Improved crop yield: By using sensors and other IoT devices to monitor soil
conditions, weather patterns, and other factors that impact crop health, farmers can
take more informed decisions to improve crop yield.
3.Reduced costs: Smart farming solutions can help to reduce costs by optimizing
resource usage, such as water and fertilizer, and by reducing the need for labor.
4.Improved sustainability: The use of IoT technology in farming can help to reduce
resource waste and increase the sustainability of farming operations.
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Advantages and Disadvantages of IoT Smart Farming
• There are some potential Disadvantages when using IoT based smart farming, including:
1.Initial costs: Implementing IoT technology in farming can be expensive, especially for small
farmers who may not have the resources to invest in the necessary equipment.
2.Dependence on technology: Smart farming solutions can be vulnerable to technical
failures or cyber attacks, which could disrupt operations and lead to losses.
3.Data privacy: The use of IoT technology in farming can generate large amounts of data,
which raises concerns about data privacy and security.
4.Lack of standardization: There is currently a lack of standardization in the IoT industry,
which can make it difficult for farmers to choose the right products and ensure
interoperability between different devices.
5.Regulatory challenges: There may be regulatory challenges to overcome when
implementing IoT technology in farming, depending on the country or region.
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The global Smart Farming Market Size • The global smart
agriculture market size
was estimated at US$
18.12 billion in 2021 and
it is expected to hit US$
43.37 billion by 2030 with
a registered CAGR of
10.2% from 2022 to 2030.
80 https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/smart-agriculture-market-239736790.html
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Smart Farming Technology • Smart farming technology refers to the use of advanced technologies, such as
sensors, drones, and robotics, to improve the efficiency, productivity, and
sustainability of farming operations. Some examples of smart farming technology
include:
1.Sensors: Sensors can be used to monitor various aspects of the farming process,
such as soil moisture levels, temperature, humidity, and air quality. This data can be
used to optimize irrigation, pest control, and other farming practices.
2.Drones: Drones equipped with sensors and cameras can be used to collect data on
crop health, soil conditions, and other factors that impact farming operations. Drones
can also be used to spray crops with pesticides or fertilizers.
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Smart Farming Technology 3.Robotics: Robotics technology is being developed for a range of farming tasks, such as planting
seeds, weeding, and harvesting crops. The use of robotics can help to reduce labor costs and
increase efficiency.
4.Precision agriculture: Precision agriculture involves the use of GPS and other technologies to
precisely control farming operations, such as fertilization and irrigation, based on real-time data
and analysis. This can help to optimize resource usage and improve crop yield.
5. Vertical farming: Vertical farming involves growing crops in a controlled environment, using
hydroponics or other methods, to optimize conditions for plant growth. This can be done in urban
or other land-limited areas and can increase the efficiency and sustainability of farming
operations.
• Overall, the use of smart farming technology can help to increase the efficiency, productivity,
and sustainability of farming operations, while also reducing costs and increasing the
competitiveness of the agriculture industry.
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Smart Farming Technology • Sensors: soil, water, light, humidity,
temperature management
• Software: specialized software solutions
that target specific farm types or
applications agnostic IoT platforms
• Connectivity: cellular, LoRa
• Location: GPS, Satellite
• Robotics: Autonomous tractors,
processing facilities
• Data analytics: standalone analytics
solutions, data pipelines for downstream
solutions
83 https://www.iotforall.com/smart-farming-future-of-agriculture
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IoT in Smart Farming Applications • Some examples of IoT smart farming applications include:
1. Smart irrigation: IoT sensors can be used to monitor soil moisture levels and
automatically control irrigation systems to provide the optimal amount of water for
crops. This can help to reduce water waste and improve crop yield.
2. Crop monitoring: IoT sensors and drones can be used to collect data on crop
health, soil conditions, and other factors that impact farming operations. This data
can be used to optimize fertilization, pest control, and other farming practices.
3. Livestock tracking: IoT sensors can be used to track the location and movement of
livestock, allowing farmers to monitor the health and well-being of their animals in
real-time.
4. Greenhouse monitoring: Smart devices can be used to monitor and control
temperature and humidity in greenhouses, optimizing conditions for plant growth.
5. Supply chain management: IoT sensors and RFID (radio-frequency identification)
tags can be used to track the movement of goods in the agriculture supply chain,
improving efficiency and reducing waste.
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Video: Smart Farming • What is IoT and what does it mean for farmers? (3 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pOLAIVUs9S8
• This video to help explain what the Internet of Things (IoT) is and what it means for farmers.
• Smart Farming: How Robots and AI Can Help Us with Farming (13 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gfCEQgx4d-4
• The world's population is growing steadily and efficient agriculture is becoming increasingly
important. That's why a lot of research is being done on smart farming. Smart farming means
agriculture supported by robots, autonomous systems and AI.
• IoT Smart Agriculture Monitoring & Automatic Irrigation System using ESP8266 (10 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tl4qblr5dlo
• In this video, we will make an IoT-based smart agriculture monitoring & automatic irrigation system
using ESP8266 NodeMCU and Blynk IoT Cloud.
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Smart Farming Communication Technologies
• Smart farming relies on a variety of communication technologies to enable the
exchange of data and information between different devices, sensors, and
systems. Some examples of the types of communication technologies that
might be used in a smart farming system include:
1.Wireless networking: Smart farming systems often use wireless networking
technologies, such as WiFi or cellular networks, to allow devices and sensors
to communicate with one another and with central servers or cloud-based
systems.
2.Radio frequency (RF) communication: RF communication is commonly used in
smart farming systems to allow devices to communicate over short distances,
such as between sensors and control systems in a single field or greenhouse.
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Smart Farming Communication Technologies
3.Satellite communication: In some cases, smart farming systems may use satellite
communication technologies to allow devices to communicate in remote or hard-to-reach
locations.
4.Bluetooth: Bluetooth is a short-range wireless communication technology that is often used in
smart farming systems to allow devices to communicate with one another and with smartphones
or other handheld devices.
5.Internet of Things (IoT) protocols: IoT protocols, such as MQTT and CoAP, are used to enable
communication between different devices and systems in a smart farming system.
• Overall, the communication technology used in a smart farming system will depend on the
specific requirements of the farm and the devices and systems being used. It is important to
choose communication technologies that are reliable, secure, and able to handle the data and
communication needs of the system.
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Smart Wearable
Smart Wearable Will Change the Way We do sport! What is Smart Wearable? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.
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IoT based Smart Wearable • IoT-based smart wearables are devices that are worn on the body and are connected
to the internet through the Internet of Things (IoT). These devices can sense, collect,
and transmit data about the wearer's activities, environment, and health, and can
often be controlled and accessed through a smartphone or other device. Some
examples of IoT-based smart wearables include:
1.Fitness trackers: These devices are worn on the wrist or waist and track the wearer's
physical activity, sleep patterns, and other health metrics. They can often be synced
with smartphone apps to allow users to view and analyze their data.
2.Smartwatches: Smartwatches are wearable devices that can function as both fitness
trackers and smart phones. They can display notifications, run apps, and track the
wearer's activity and health metrics.
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IoT based Smart Wearable 3.Smart glasses: These devices are worn on the head and can display
information in the wearer's field of view. They can be used for a variety of
applications, such as augmented reality, navigation, and hands-free
communication.
4.Smart clothing: Smart clothing is clothing that includes embedded sensors
and other technology to monitor the wearer's activity and environment.
Examples include shirts that track heart rate and posture, and socks that track
foot movement and prevent blisters.
• Overall, IoT-based smart wearables offer a convenient way for users to track
and monitor their health and activity and can be a useful tool for improving
wellness and productivity.
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Definition of Smart Wearables • Smart wearables are devices that are worn on the body
and have computing and connectivity capabilities. They
are designed to provide users with various features and
functions, such as tracking fitness and health metrics,
receiving notifications, and interacting with other
devices.
• Wearables is a hot topic in the market, it covers wide
range of purposes ranging from medical, wellness to
fitness. 91
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Smart Wearable Market • The shipment volume of
smart wearables globally
stood at 266.3 million
units in 2020, and it is
projected to reach 776.23
million units by 2026,
registering a CAGR of
19.48% during the period
of 2021-2026.
92 https://www.mordorintelligence.com/industry-reports/smart-wearables-market
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Advantages and Disadvantages IoT based smart Wearable
• IoT-based smart wearables offer several advantages, including:
1.Convenience: Smart wearables are designed to be worn on the body, which makes them
convenient to use and access throughout the day. They can often be controlled and
accessed through a smartphone or other device, making it easy to track and monitor
activity and health metrics.
2.Improved wellness: Smart wearables can track a wide range of health metrics, such as
heart rate, sleep patterns, and physical activity, which can help users to improve their
overall wellness and fitness.
3.Increased productivity: Smart wearables can provide notifications and alerts and can run
apps and other tools that can help users to be more productive and efficient.
4.Enhanced safety: Some smart wearables, such as those that track location and activity,
can provide an extra layer of safety and security, particularly in cases where the wearer
may be isolated or at risk.
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Advantages and Disadvantages IoT based smart Wearable
• Disadvantages are conceded as:
1.Cost: Some smart wearables can be expensive, particularly those that include
advanced features and technology.
2.Privacy concerns: Smart wearables can collect a lot of personal data about the
wearer, which can raise concerns about privacy and data security.
3.Dependence on technology: Smart wearables can be convenient and helpful, but they
also rely on technology, which means that they can be vulnerable to technical
problems or malfunctions.
4.Limited battery life: Many smart wearables have limited battery life, which can be
inconvenient if they need to be charged frequently.
• Overall, it is important to weigh the advantages and disadvantages of IoT-based smart
wearables carefully before deciding whether to use them.
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Sample Smart Wearable Devices • Watches.
• Fitness trackers.
• Hearables.
• Smart clothing.
• Glasses.
• Smart jewelry.
• Wearable cameras.
• Body sensors.
• Others 95
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Wearable Technology in Healthcare
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Smart Wearable in Sport and Fitness • Smart wearables have become increasingly popular in the sports and fitness industry, as they
provide users with a convenient way to track and monitor their physical activity and performance.
These devices often have sensors that can measure metrics such as steps taken, distance
traveled, heart rate, and calories burned, and they may also offer features such as GPS tracking,
training plans, and personalized coaching.
• Smart wearables can be used by athletes and fitness enthusiasts to set and track goals, monitor
progress, and improve their performance. They can also be used by trainers and coaches to help
their clients track their workouts and progress, and to provide personalized feedback and
guidance.
• In addition to fitness tracking, some smart wearables also offer other features that can be useful
for sports and fitness activities. For example, some devices have water resistance, which makes
them suitable for use in aquatic activities, and others have features such as music playback or
contactless payment capabilities that can be convenient during workouts or other physical
activities.
• Overall, smart wearables have become an important tool for athletes, fitness enthusiasts, and
trainers, as they provide a convenient and effective way to track and monitor physical activity and
performance.
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Future of Wearable Technology
98
• There are many potential developments and innovations that could
shape the future of wearable technology. Some examples of these
could include:
1. Enhanced functionality: As wearable technology becomes more
advanced; it is likely that the features and functions available on these
devices will also become more sophisticated. For example, we may
see the development of smart wearables that can monitor and track a
wider range of health metrics, such as sleep quality, heart rate
variability, and stress levels.
2. Improved design: Wearable technology has come a long way in terms
of design, but there is still room for improvement. In the future, we
may see wearables that are more stylish, comfortable, and versatile,
making them more appealing to a wider range of users.
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Future of Wearable Technology
99
1. Increased integration with other devices: One of the key benefits of wearable
technology is its ability to connect with and interact with other devices. In the
future, we may see a greater level of integration between wearables and other
technologies, such as smart home systems, automobiles, and virtual and
augmented reality devices.
2. Enhanced security and privacy: As wearables become more prevalent and
collect more data, it will be important for manufacturers to prioritize security
and privacy. In the future, we may see the development of new technologies
and protocols to help ensure the safety and confidentiality of data collected by
wearable devices.
3. Greater adoption in the healthcare industry: Wearable technology has the
potential to revolutionize the way healthcare is delivered, by providing doctors
and other healthcare professionals with real-time data about their patients'
health. In the future, we may see a wider adoption of wearables in the
healthcare industry, as these devices become more accurate and reliable.
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Wearable Technology and Metaverse • The metaverse is a term used to describe a shared virtual space that can be
accessed through the internet, where users can interact with each other and
with virtual objects and environments in real time. Wearable technology has
the potential to play a significant role in the development and evolution of the
metaverse.
• One potential application of wearable technology in the metaverse is in the
form of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) devices. These devices,
which are worn on the head or body, allow users to experience immersive
virtual environments and to interact with them in a way that feels natural and
intuitive. Wearable VR and AR devices could be used to access and explore
virtual worlds within the metaverse, allowing users to experience new forms
of entertainment, social interaction, and education.
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Wearable Technology and Metaverse • Another way that wearable technology could be used in the metaverse
is using sensors and other types of wearable devices that allow users
to interact with virtual objects and environments in a more realistic and
immersive way.
• For example, a user might wear gloves that allow them to touch and
manipulate virtual objects as if they were real or use a wearable device
to control their movement and actions within the virtual world.
• Overall, wearable technology has the potential to enhance the user
experience in the metaverse by enabling more immersive and
interactive forms of interaction with virtual environments and objects.
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Video: Smart Wearable
• The Future of Tech is Wearables (8 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCvwPAZx_o0
• Wearable NFTs anyone? Fashion marketplaces selling looks
for the Metaverse (5 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hRqjnM2yv-s
• Would you pay tens of thousands of bucks to buy clothes that
you could never wear in real life?
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Smart Car
What is Smart Car? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.
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Smart Car • Connected to various media technologies such as
smart phones or navigation systems,
automobiles today are transforming into so-
called 'smart cars’.
• Smart cars are not just mechanical devices, but
information media systems.
• The smart car is a prosthesis that assists the
driver, enhancing the original function of the car,
and provides a new place environment to the
driver by composing a hybrid space where
information space and actual space are fused. T
104https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/168509/1/Lee-Kim.pdf
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What is a Smart Car? • Also known as intelligent
cars, smart cars are
vehicles that are equipped
with system-driven forms of
artificial intelligence.
• The underlying concept of
the smart car is to free the
driver from many of the
mundane tasks associated
with driving, making the act
of driving more pleasant.
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Self-driven Cars • Self-driving cars are revolutionizing transportation.
• The cars are equipped with many ultrasound sensors, cameras,
precision GPSs, and computers.
• The combination of the on-board equipment allows the
computers to identify, other cars, lanes, pedestrians, and
obstructions.
• This information allows the car to stay in its lane, stop when
required, and weave around obstructions.
• Some of the manufacturers in the "autonomous car" market are
Tesla Motors, General Motors, Volvo, and Mercedes-Benz.
• Corporations such as Waymo, Google's sibling, and Uber are
also designing and testing the technology.
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Self-driven Cars • The road to complete autonomy using this
technology is complicated.
• There have been many high-profile crashes and
some serious accidents involving self-driving cars.
• Some states within the USA have already approved
limited use of self-driving cars but researchers
believe it will be a few years before the technology
becomes mainstream.
• Once the technology is proven, what is next? Self-
driving trucks? Airplanes? Trains? 107
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Self-driven Cars • We’ve seen a lot about self-driven cars. Google tried it out, Tesla tested it, and
even Uber produced a version of self-driven cars that it later shelved.
• Since it’s human lives on the roads that we’re dealing with, we need to ensure
the technology has all that it takes to ensure better safety for the passenger
and those on the roads.
• The cars use several sensors and embedded systems connected to the Cloud
and the internet to keep generating data and sending them to the Cloud for
informed decision-making through Machine Learning.
• Though it will take a few more years for the technology to evolve completely
and for countries to amend laws and policies, what we’re witnessing right now
is one of the best applications of IoT.
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Self-driven Cars
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Video: Self Driving Cars • How Do Self-Driving Cars Actually Work? (10 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xMH8dk9b3yA
• Tesla has just launched its new self-driving semi truck, and other companies like Google and Volvo are hot on their tails in the self-driving automobile industry. But how do
these cars actually work?
• How Does Tesla's Autopilot Work? (9 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECmG0nNJE98
• Top 6 Autonomous Vehicles & Companies to watch in 2021-2022 (11 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bdFi3RToOBk
• Self-driving technology is the next big thing?
• As the development of self-driving cars progresses at a rapid clip, numerous companies have stated their intentions to market and sell autonomous automobiles.
• Apple, recently announced that it would be producing a self-driving car for consumers by 2024.
• Amazon acquired the start up Zoox recently.
• Many companies are working on developing self-driving cars, software and hardware for autonomous vehicles of all types.
• But some are further along in terms of real-world testing and practical experience than others. Here are the top 6 startups/companies in autonomous driving technology.
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Smart Grid
What is Smart Grid? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.
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Smart Grid
• One of the many useful IoT
examples, a smart grid, is a
holistic solution that applies
an extensive range of
Information Technology
resources that enable existing
and new gridlines to reduce
electricity waste and cost. 112
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What Is the Smart Grid?
• A smart grid is an electricity network based on digital technology that is used to
supply electricity to consumers via two-way digital communication.
• This system allows for monitoring, analysis, control and communication within the
supply chain to help improve efficiency, reduce energy consumption and cost, and
maximize the transparency and reliability of the energy supply chain.
• The technologies that make today’s IoT-enabled energy grid “smart” include wireless
devices such as sensors, radio modules, gateways and routers.
• These devices provide the sophisticated connectivity and communications that
empower consumers to make better energy usage decisions, allow cities to save
electricity and expense, and enables power authorities to more quickly restore power
after a blackout.
113 https://www.digi.com/blog/post/what-is-the-smart-grid-and-how-enabled-by-iot
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The global Smart Grid Market size • According to
Precedence Research,
the smart grid market
size is projected to be
worth around US$
162.4 billion by 2030
and expanding growth
at a CAGR of 18.2%
from 2021 to 2030.
114 https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2021/12/15/2352520/0/en/Smart-Grid-Market-Size-to-Worth-Around-US-162-8-Bn-by-2030.html
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Benefits of Smart Grid • Smart grid technology can be expressed in a single sentence: a new
electric grid with two-way communication.
• Smart Grid Enables Renewable and efficient Energy Generation
• Real time Billing information, Better Predictions, more Reliable power
• Smart grid is resilient, efficient and green which is good environment
• The Smart Grid as the Backbone of the Modern Smart City
• Wireless technology will replace thousands of miles of cable that would
have been needed to advance the smart grid to where it is today.
• Working with smart devices and smart home
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Benefits of Smart Grid • Creating smart job opportunities
• Reduce fuel costs
• The smart grid is the IoT that attends to energy systems.
• Utility companies use smart grid technologies to find energy
efficiencies through various means, including monitoring energy
consumption, predicting energy shortages and power outages, and
gathering data on how different individuals and companies use energy.
• The average individual can also use insights from the smart grid to
assess their own energy use and find efficiencies in their household.
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Why Smart Grid • The growing trend today is for municipalities to move toward smart grid
technologies for a range of reasons.
• Need to improve energy usage,
• Provide better customer service to their citizens,
• Prepare for disasters and upgrade aging technology that is expensive to
maintain
• As well, advances in technology have made wireless, both cellular and RF
(radio frequency), affordable and easy to use in smart grid applications.
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Why Smart Grid • According to Scientific American there are 200,000 miles of high
voltage transmission lines in the United States that collectively carry
more than one million megawatts of electricity.
• The problem for the U.S. is that a lot of this infrastructure was built in
the twentieth century in a multi-billion-dollar project conceived and
executed largely before the invention of the Internet, and certainly
before cellular (and RF technologies) technology emerged as a viable
replacement of expensive cable.
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How Smart Cities Are Adopting Smart Grid Technology
• Smart city applications include everything from smart city lighting, energy
management and intelligent traffic management to water treatment and wastewater
management.
• Sensors in traffic lights can send information back to a central authority for decision
making.
• With intelligent traffic systems, both surface traffic and public transportation can be
managed with routing and traffic lighting to improve or eliminate congestion.
• IoT sensors in streetlights can also adjust off and on timing and brightness according
to real time conditions.
• Sensors can also send out an alert if a light needs servicing.
• No need to wait for a call from an angry customer complaining about streetlights
being out.
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Application of Smart Grid • fault protection, outage
management, dynamic
control of voltage, weather
data integration, centralized
capacitor bank control,
distribution and substation
automation, advanced
sensing, automated feeder
reconfiguration.
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Videos for Smart Grid • The Future of Energy: Smart Grid and the Industrial IoT (4 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0ZQc3tJCwQ
• The power grid is changing. With the proliferation of renewable generation
technologies and drive to improve demand response, the grid's current
architecture must change to realize the promise of the IIoT.
• The Smart Grid Explained - An Understanding for Everyone
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4L31dHXP6i0
EPCE, the Energy Providers Coalition for Education (www.epceonline.org)
with Common Craft present this video intended to provide a simple
explanation of what smart grid does, is capable of and why it's important. 121
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Industrial IoT (IIoT)
What is Industrial IoT (IIoT)? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.
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What is the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)
• The industrial internet of things (IIoT) refers to the extension and
use of the internet of things (IoT) in industrial sectors and
applications.
• With a strong focus on machine-to-machine (M2M)
communication, big data, and machine learning, the IIoT enables
industries and enterprises to have better efficiency and reliability in
their operations.
• The IIoT encompasses industrial applications, including robotics,
medical devices, and software-defined production processes.
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Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) market size worldwide
• The global market for
industrial Internet of
Things (IIoT) was sized at
over 263 billion U.S. dollars
in 2021. The market is
expected to grow in size in
the coming years, reaching
some 1.11 trillion U.S.
dollars by 2028.
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Application of IIoT • IIoT can be used to monitor and
control the heating, lighting, energy
consumption, fire protection,
employee safety and many other
systems for multiple buildings from
a central location.
• The real-time machine data can be
transferred to a central cloud
application, using industrial
communication networks.
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Use of IIoT by industrial companies • ABB: Smart robotics
• Airbus: Factory of the Future
• Amazon: Reinventing warehousing
• Boeing: Using IoT to drive manufacturing efficiency
• Bosch: Track and trace innovator
• Caterpillar: An IIoT pioneer
• Fanuc: Helping to minimize downtime in factories
• Gehring: A pioneer in connected manufacturing
• Hitachi: An integrated IIoT approach
• John Deere: Self-driving tractors and more
• John Deere: Self-driving tractors and more
• Shell: Smart oil field innovator
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Benefits of IIoT • Increase productivity and uptime.
• Improve process efficiencies.
• Accelerate innovation.
• Reduce asset downtime.
• Enhance operational efficiency.
• Create end-to-end operational visibility.
• Improve product quality.
• Reduce operating costs.
• Predictive Maintenance.
• Quality Control.
• Safer Operating Environment for Workers. ...
• Inventory/Supply Chain Management.
• Process Optimization.
• Customer Satisfaction.
• AI Supercharging IIoT.
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Manufactures are using (IIoT) • For supply chain to delivery
• For organized view of production,
• For process and product data,
• For big data analytics and predictive modeling,
• For prevent defects and downtime,
• For maximize equipment performance,
• For cut warranty costs,
• For boost production yield and enhance the customer experience.
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What is difference between IoT and IIoT? • They both connect devices to the internet
and make them smarter.
• The difference is that IoT works to make
consumers live more convenient and
easier, where IIoT works to increase
safety and efficiency on production
facilities.
• IoT is B2C (business-to-consumer) and
IIoT is B2B (business-to-business).
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Security considerations and challenges of IIoT • Many security problems associated with the IIoT stem from a lack of basic
security measures in place.
• With IIoT implementations, three areas need to be focused on: availability,
scalability, and security.
• Security, however, is where many can stumble when integrating the IIoT into
their operations.
• Manufacturers should bIIoT adopters have responsibility of securing the setup
and use of their connected devices, but device manufacturers have the
obligation of protecting their consumers when they roll out their products.
• e able to ensure the security of the users and provide preventive measures or
remediation when security issues arise.
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IIoT - The 4th Industrial Revolution
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Video: IIoT
• What is the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT)? (9 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HmbUJEShA-8
• IIoT vs Digital Transformation vs Industry 4.0
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O-ALemUcgsU
• We get this question so often that we decided to make a video
to explain what is IIoT? What is Industry 4.0? And what is
Digital Transformation? And how do they relate!
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IoT Smart Retail Shop
What is IoT Smart retail shop? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.
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What is smart retail in IoT? • In the future, data gathered in
stores has unlimited potential in
helping retailers improve
operational efficiency, better
understand their customers and
deliver personalized experiences:
dynamic pricing, personalized
offers and customized products and
services.
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Applications of IoT technology for Retail • The installation of WiFi trackers in commercial spaces allows you to collect and record the unique signal that each phone sends in
the search for WiFi network and use that information to track the customer through an area and build a profile around their buying
habits.
• For example, we can collect:
• Time that customers smartphone has waited on the checkout line
• What time customer came in
• What time customer left
• Doors used by customers
• Areas of the store visited by customers
• Customer stay time in each area
135
Meshlium Scanner
Small Tracker
Medium Tracker
Carbon Dioxide Monitor
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IoT in retail industry • The use of IoT in retail industry is tightly connected to GPS and RFID
technologies that help brands track products through the entire supply chain
process.
• It gives retailers the visibility they need to monitor product movement,
conditions and track location as well as predict a precise delivery time.
• Amazon.com alone made an incredible leap from an average of 2 billion
monthly visitors in 2019 to 2.3 billion in 2020 and a record 2.8 billion in
February 2021.
• Today’s technology has the capability to break the wall between brand,
product, and customer. Many brands have already started turning to IoT in
retail which is expected to grow to $94.44 billion through 2025.
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IoT Market in Retail Applications • NEW YORK, Feb. 21, 2022 /PRNewswire/ --
• The Internet of Things (IoT) market in retail applications
is expected to grow by USD 44.80 bn from 2021 to 2026,
according to Technavio.
• However, the growth momentum of the market will
decelerate at a CAGR of 16.48%.
• Technavio analyzes the market by technology (RFID,
sensors, NFC, cloud services, and others) and
geography (APAC, North America, Europe, MEA,
and South America).
137 https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/internet-of-things-iot-market-in-retail-applications-to-grow-by-usd-44-80-bn--technavio-301485763.html
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Advantages of using IoT in Retail
• Reduce inventory costs.
• Improve customer satisfaction.
• Automate your inventory control.
• Facilitate inventory control.
• Keep track of your margins.
• Improve your forecasting.
• Adopt a just-in-time relationship with suppliers.
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The role of Internet of Things in retail industry • The concept of IoT opens a wide range of opportunities in many fields, including
transportation, healthcare, workplace, and retail.
• These two most common applications of IoT in retail sector give a general idea of how
this technology can be used in this space:
• Data gathering and sharing. Using sensors, retail IoT devices, products and
environments can collect important data on an entire product and shopping lifecycle.
After this data is processed and analyzed, it is transformed into valuable insights that
help retail managers make informed decisions and improve retail experience and
operations
• Acting based on collected data. IoT-enabled machines and connected stores can be
partially or fully automated to drive efficiency, sustainability and resilience to retail
operations and processes.
139 https://www.digiteum.com/internet-of-things-retail-industry/#:~:text=The%20use%20of%20IoT%20in,predict%20a%20precise%20delivery%20time.
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Retail Applications
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IoT Retail Shops • If you haven’t already seen the video of Amazon, Go – the concept store from the
eCommerce giant, you should check it out right away. Perhaps this is the best use of
the technology in bridging the gap between an online store and a retail store.
• The retail store allows you to go cashless by deducting money from your Amazon
wallet.
• It also adds items to your cart in real-time when you pick products from the shelves.
• If you change your mind and pick up another article, the previous one gets deleted
and replaces your cart with the new item.
• The best part of the concept store is that there is no cashier to bill your products.
• You don’t have to stand in line but just step out after you pick up your products from
shelves. If this technology is effective enough to fetch more patronage, this is sure to
become a norm in the coming years.
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Customer experience optimization with IoT • Personalized communications based on IoT-collected data
• Target uses IoT-based beacons to collect user data and send
hyper-personalized content.
• A visitor can download a Target mobile app for iOS and Android
and get product recommendations corresponding to the
department they are shopping in.
• The system of notifications operates like a newsfeed, where all
content is sorted by relevance based on the part of the store the
user’s exploring.
• This way, Target successfully shifts the focus to the customer,
manages to communicate with in-store visitors more efficiently,
and cuts the idle browsing time.
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Customer experience optimization with IoT • Optimizing product usage
• Rolls Royce uses the Internet of Things to improve
the maintenance of its aircraft engines.
• The brand collects data about the state of an engine
on a daily basis and alerts clients as soon as there’s
a need for active maintenance.
• This way, end-users can avoid damage while the
brand receives important information on product
usage to further improve design and performance.
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Customer experience optimization with IoT • Monitor and predict in-store wait times
• Disney World has introduced its first IoT-
enabled wearable MagicBand to provide
guests with better service, manage lines,
automate payment and guest management,
etc.
• Today's MagicBand offers guests a wide range
of features for exciting immersive experiences
around Disney World and soon also in
Disneyland.
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Customer experience optimization with IoT • Using wearables for loyalty programs
• Wearable technology has been a known success for fitness and healthcare.
• However, wearable IoT application in retail is not limited to tracking location
data.
• In fact, retail companies can benefit from using wearables in many different
ways, for example, to identify loyal clients and provide extra services.
• Hotels use wristbands to identify premium guests and offer bonuses and
discount programs for their stay.
• Wristbands are a non-invasive way to offer a loyalty program and say ‘thank
you’ to those who have supported the brand for a long time.
145https://www.digiteum.com/internet-of-things-retail-industry/#:~:text=The%20use%20of%20IoT%20in,predict%20a%20precise%20delivery%20time.
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Customer experience optimization with IoT • Keep the customer updated on the product
delivery status
• ParceLive is a shipment tracking service that
allows users to monitor parcels in real-time.
• The company tracks deliveries with built-in GPS
trackers and collects data on shipping speed,
conditions and location.
• Using the data from a combination of sensors, the
company can even alert clients if their package
was dropped or potentially damaged. 146
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jSkGRhcWG0Y
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Future Retail Shopping • Innovations like the Internet of Things (IoT), AI and robotics are
transforming our world in endlessly inventive ways.
• One sector experiencing a massive impact from this tech is
retail – IoT features, and functions are endlessly evolving to
meet the shifting demands of the next generations of shoppers.
• The future of retail will feature a high level of online penetration.
• The best suppliers will establish direct-to-consumer
relationships, where retailers will no longer serve as the
gatekeeper to the customer.
• Walmart Metaverse Shopping envisions a more complicated
online shopping experience is an example for future retail
shops!
147https://firedome.io/blog/retail-revolution-the-future-of-iot-for-shoppers/
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The future of retail is on the Internet of Things
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Video: IoT Smart Retail Shop • Amazon Go – SNL (3 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zS9U3Gc832Y
• A commercial advertises a new grab-and-go shopping experience.
• An Inside Look At How Amazon Go Works (10 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qo89Ed-PYQ8
• An Inside Look At How Amazon Go Works In this video, we break down An Inside Look At How
Amazon Go Works.
• This is how Walmart envisions Shopping in the Metaverse! (3 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u6UYGwPaLf8
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IoT Smart Traffic Management
What is IoT Smart Traffic Management? Definition, functions, benefits, and more.
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How IoT is used in traffic management?
• Sensors installed in key locations
may collect data on high-traffic
crossings and areas where cars
are diverted using IoT technology.
• Big data may be used to further
analyze this information and
determine alternate routes, as well
as improve traffic signals to
reduce congestion. 151
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U.S. smart Traffic Management System Market
• The global intelligent
traffic management
system market size was
valued at USD 9.70 billion
in 2021 and is expected to
expand at a compound
annual growth rate (CAGR)
of 13.1% from 2022 to
2030.
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Benefits IoT for Traffic Management • Enhance Customer Experience.
• Improved Safety.
• Operational Performance.
• Environmental Improvements.
• Traffic Management.
• Toll and Ticketing.
• Connected Cars.
• Vehicle Tracking Systems.
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How is the Internet of things being used in Traffic management?
• One of the most significant infrastructure challenges faced by emerging
countries today is traffic management.
• Developed nations and smart cities are already taking advantage of IoT to
reduce traffic congestion.
• Smart traffic management, includes elements such as smart parking sensors,
smart lighting, smart roads, and smart accident aid, among others.
• Managing Traffic Lights
• Management and Prevention of Road - Accidents
• Cameras and Sensors
• Parking with Insight
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Video: Smart Traffic Management • AI Based IoT Road Safety and Traffic Management (6 min)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UekJZEaw9Ec
• Vehicle tracking and traffic data collection are of great significance with applications
in intelligent traffic management, law enforcement, road infrastructure development
as well as intelligent cities.
• Smart Traffic Management System Using Internet of Things (2 min student project)
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XiVn1a2yTEE
• We are presenting an innovation project for the betterment of our existing traffic
regulation and surveillance system. The project will watch the traffic density and
according to that it will operate the signals.
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More IoT Applications • IoT Sensors
• IoT Data Analytics
• IoT Tracking and Monitoring System
• IoT Connected Factory
• IoT Supply Chain Management
• IoT in Transportation
• IoT - Advanced Advertising
• IoT Water/ Waste Management
• IoT in Education
• IoT Identity Protection
• IoT in Banking
• IoT in Government
• IoT in Defense
• IoT Environmental
• IoT Law Enforcement
• IoT Asst tracking
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Conclusion • The above applications of the Internet of Things give us only a partial picture
of the enormous potential of this technology.
• Creating smart connected systems in home, city, health, farms and other
areas provides a great many benefits for citizens around the world, not only to
improve quality of life, but also to ensure sustainability and the best possible
use of resources.
• The quality of smart applications are dependent on a unified approach from
government as well as the private sector and users themselves.
• With the correct support and infrastructure, however, smart applications can
use advances such as the Internet of Things to enhance the lives of residents
and create joined-up living solutions for the growing global relationship.
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References/Video Clips Cisco Skills For All
• The 5G Revolution: The Internet of Things Meets Everything: How 5G technology is enabling the revolution
and where it’s headed next.
• http://www.goldmansachs.com/our-thinking/pages/iot-meets-
everything.html?cid=PS_02_35_07_00_01_16_01&mkwid=D86thBjn
• Redefining Mobility: The Internet of Things Meets Cars: Connected cars open up new opportunities to reduce
traffic and make transportation more efficient. • http://www.goldmansachs.com/our-thinking/pages/iot-meets-cars.html
• The Connected Consumer: The Internet of Things Meets Retail: The Internet of Things will empower shoppers
and force companies to provide better products, services and experiences in what will extend a golden
age for consumer choice. • http://www.goldmansachs.com/our-thinking/pages/iot-meets-retail.html
• Mobile Medicine: The Internet of Things Meets Health: Healthcare system welcomes the Internet of Things. it
has the potential to totally change the way US healthcare works. • http://www.goldmansachs.com/our-thinking/pages/iot-meets-health.html
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References/Video Clips • The 5 Biggest Internet Of Things (IoT) Trends In 2022: A lot of things are happening on the
Internet of Things (IoT) world. In 2022, we will see an ever-growing number of devices
become smart and connected. Here are some of the trends that will reshape the IoT space
over the next year.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BzxA_ue00r0&t=37s
• THE FUTURE OF IOT: Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things - What to Expect in 2022:
We're all surrounded by smart devices - the internet of things. And now we have artificial
intelligence to make them smarter than ever before! With this technology changing so
many industries, it's important that we understand what AI is and how it works.
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J1Kjm9X4V5w&t=318s
• What You Need to Know About Bill Gates' Smart City in Belmont, Arizona
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V6I3xghv2zY
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