essay 2-3 pages Cost & Estimating

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CSMT 441

Woodwork and carpentry-Part 2

Lecture 12

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Wall framing

• Review specs and dwgs for size and spacing

of studs, height of the wall, the grade of

lumber, number of plates, type and

thickness of exterior sheathing.

• Measure the length of the wall:

– using dimensions from the floor plan

– scaling the length with a scale

– using a distance measurer

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Wall framing cont..

• lf of plates = # of plates

x wall length

• #of studs = (wall

length/stud spacing)+1

• add two extra studs for

each corner and

intersection and three

studs for each opening.

• header length = opening

width+3” (6” if opening

is wider than 6’)

• # of 4’x8’ sheathing

plate = area of exterior

wall /32 (neglect

openings less than 32 sf)

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Wall Opening

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Gable End Frame

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BCN 5618 8

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Ceiling assembly

Note size and spacing of joists, and number and

size of openings (stairways, fireplace, etc).

# of ceiling joist is usually the same as floor

joist

Trimmer joists and headers are required for

openings.

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Double trimmers and headers

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Roof framing

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Roof pitch and slope

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Roof assembly

• If roof trusses are called for, takeoff for roof and ceiling are not separated.

• rafter length = (run + overhang)/Cos ß, where ß = tang-1 (rise/run)

• Collar ties are used to keep rafters from spreading. Normally 1x6 or 2x4, every third rafter, and 1/3 of rise down from ridge.

• Ridge board is normally 1” thick and one size wider than the rafter.

• Lookouts are required when a soffit is boxed.

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Lookout

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Barge Rafter

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Lookout

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Roof Trusses

• Review specs and dwgs for the type of

truss, stress-grade-marked lumber, how the

members are to be attached (metal plate

connected, glued and nailed), span length,

and slope.

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Waste Factor

• Framing lumber is sold in even foot

lengths, i.e., 10’, 12’, 14’, 16’, and

depending on spans, wall heights, grade of

lumber, and complexity of the framing,

waste is 5 to 10%.

• Plywood

– roof and floor, 3%

– wall, 5%

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Exercise

• Given the length of the plate is 24’ and height of the 10x12

studs are 8’ placed at 3’ on center, find the amount of

lumber needed for the studs if the door is 3.5’x 7.2’