learning hierarchy analysis
samar88
LearningHierarchyPrerequisitesAnalysis.pdf
Learning Hierarchy (Prerequisites) Analysis
By: Abubakr M. Abdelrasoul
Instructor: Dr. Rob Pusch
Purpose:
• A learning hierarchy analysis can pinpoint the prerequisite skills to
perform an objective
• It answers the question “what must be learned in order to learn an
objective?”
• It’s mainly used as a guide to sequence instruction (Gagne, Briggs,
and Wager)
Task A
Task B
Task D
Task C
Background
• Introduced by Gagne in 1962
• For any higher order intellectual skill, there are a set of prerequisite
skills, that is lower order skill/s
• The mastery of the prerequisite skill/s would facilitate learning of the
higher skill
Background
• The hierarchy defines what must be taught and the sequence in
which to teach it
• The hierarchy are ordered from more complex skills at the top and
simpler forms of learning at the bottom
• That is problem solving followed by rule/s, followed by concept/s,
followed by verbal information
Problem Solving
Rule
Concept
Verbal info.
Verbal info.
Concept
Rule
Concept
Is there any similarities?
Problem Solving
Rule
Concept
Verbal info.
Verbal info.
Concept
Rule
Concept
How to conduct a Learning Hierarchy Analysis
• Familiarize yourself with the
topic
How to conduct a Learning Hierarchy Analysis
• Familiarize yourself with the
topic
• State the final learning outcome
Problem Solving
Rule
Concept
Verbal info.
Verbal info.
Concept
Rule
Concept
How to conduct a Learning Hierarchy Analysis
• Familiarize yourself with the
topic
• State the final learning outcome
• Identify the entering capabilities
the learners have regarding the
final learning outcome
Problem Solving
Rule
Concept
Verbal info.
Verbal info.
Concept
Rule
Concept
How to conduct a Learning Hierarchy Analysis
• Identify first-level prerequisites Problem Solving
Rule
Concept
Verbal info.
Verbal info.
Concept
Rule
Concept
How to conduct a Learning Hierarchy Analysis
• Identify first-level prerequisites
• Identify second-level
prerequisites
Problem Solving
Rule
Concept
Verbal info.
Verbal info.
Concept
Rule
Concept
How to conduct a Learning Hierarchy Analysis
• Identify first-level prerequisites
• Identify second-level
prerequisites
• Identify third and subsequent
level prerequisites
Problem Solving
Rule
Concept
Verbal info.
Verbal info.
Concept
Rule
Concept
How to conduct a Learning Hierarchy Analysis
• Determine how far to go in
breaking down the prerequisites
Problem Solving
Rule
Concept
Verbal info.
Verbal info.
Concept
Rule
Concept
How to conduct a Learning Hierarchy Analysis
• Determine how far to go in
breaking down the prerequisites
• Construct the learning hierarchy
Problem Solving
Rule
Concept
Verbal info.
Verbal info.
Concept
Rule
Concept
How to conduct a Learning Hierarchy Analysis
• Determine how far to go in
breaking down the prerequisites
• Construct the learning hierarchy
• Verify the learning hierarchy
Problem Solving
Rule
Concept
Verbal info.
Verbal info.
Concept
Rule
Concept
Applications of Learning Hierarchies
• Can be used in school subjects, primarily mathematics and physics
• Technical training which includes intellectual skills
• Tessmer used learning hierarchy analysis to analyze plumbing
contractor tasks
Applications of Learning Hierarchies
• To analyze the steps of a procedural or information processing
analysis (called combination analysis or instructional analysis)
Advantages of Learning Hierarchy Analysis
• Identifies content that must be taught for an objective to be mastered
• Identifies effective instructional sequences
• Remove nonessential content, making the instruction more efficient
• Structures a curriculum according to learning dependencies
• Complement procedural or information processing analyses
Disadvantages of Learning Hierarchy Analysis
• Educational research has not clearly defined the prerequisites for
learning outcomes such as mental models or metacognitive skills,
while some theorists question that such outcomes can be taught in a
bottom up fashion at all
• Hierarchical analysis or sequence may not suit all instructional
purposes
References:
• Task Analysis Methods for Instructional Design, Jonassen, Tessmer, and
Hannum
• Instructional Design, Smith & Ragan
• https://www2.palomar.edu
• http://eduscapes.com/instruction/5.htm
• https://standertonadvertiser.co.za/wp-
content/uploads/sites/95/2017/03/thank-you.jpg
