Trump

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TRUMP:

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY: ​Frida INTRODUCTION: ​Arushi EVALUATION OF LEADER: ​Arushi EFFECTIVITY OF LEADER: ​Abdalla IDENTIFY AND EVALUATE THE LEADER’S CHARACTERISTICS:​ Irene EVALUATE LEADER’S USE OF POWER: ​Frida DESCRIBE LEADER’S STYLE: ​Frida HOW LEADER IS ORGANIZED AND ACHIEVES OBJECTIVES: ​Arushi EVIDENCE: EFFECTIVE LEADER AND MANAGES CHANGES:​ Abdalla ANALYSIS OF HOW THE LEADER DEVELOPED AND CHANGED HIMSELF:​ Irene CONCLUSION: ​Abdalla

Executive Summary This report provides an analysis and evaluation of the current President of the United States, Donald Trump. The research method utilized in this report was mainly secondary research, with extensive focus on articles, textbooks, newspapers and journals.

INTRODUCTION : ARUSHI A leader is “Any person who influences individuals and groups within an organization, helps them establish goals, and guides them toward the achievement of those goals, thereby allowing them to be effective” (Reference textbook) Some leaders focus on getting things done while others focus on taking care of their followers because they feel that by giving priority to their followers will help them get closer to the bigger picture. Leaders are needed to keep groups in order to keep them focused on group goals, to help accomplish difficult tasks, and to help them by giving validity in the tasks given to them. There are two types of leaders - Effective leaders and Successful leaders. Effective leaders focus on the work given, and their employees in making sure that they are satisfied, productive and taken care of. While successful leaders focus on politics and networking, they get promoted very quickly, network with top management and outsiders, and they only take care of the supervisor. Every leader is different and a lot of known leaders have faced multiple controversies in their own time. This report will focus on one of the most controversial leaders in today’s date - Donald Trump. Donald Trump is the 45th President of the United States of America. Before he ventured into politics, he was a businessman and a television personality. Trump entered the Presidential Race in 2016 as a republican with his position being described as being populist, protectionist and a nationalist. Trump ended up winning the presidency to Hilary Clinton and rose to power. From the time Trump rose to power, he has placed a travel ban on several Muslim majority countries, executed a tax - cut package for individuals and businesses, revoke the individual health insurance, assigned Neil Gorsuch and Brett Kavanaugh to the Supreme Court, retreat the United States from the Trans-Pacific Partnership trade negotiations, Paris Agreement for climate change, and Iran for the nuclear deal. Trump has acknowledged Jerusalem as the capital of Israel, enforced import tariffs on China which have begun a trade war with them, and has begun negotiations with North Korea towards their denuclearization. EVALUATION OF LEADER: ​Arushi Cultural dimensions play a major role in evaluating a leader. There are many different frameworks of cultural dimensions such as Hall’s Cultural Context Framework, Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions, Trompenaar’s Dimensions of Culture, and GLOBE - Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness Research. Hall’s Cultural Context Framework is a model that helps understand the culture. The model is divided into 2 groups - High context and Low context culture. High context culture involves nonverbal cues such as the tone of voice and body posture and other characteristics such as titles and statuses. Low context culture focuses on verbal and written messages and see how people communicate with others. Hofstede’s cultural dimensions help to classify cultures. Hofstede has five cultural dimensions, which are - Individualism, Power distance, Uncertainty avoidance, Masculinity and Time Orientation.

Trompenaar’s Dimensions of Culture is a more complex model to help further understand the national culture FRIDA: TRUMPS TWITTER USAGE: Trump does in fact verbally attack organizations or persons through Twitter in around half of all his tweets. With his average tweet-numbers for October 2019 being around 270 tweets per week, that amounts to quite a staggering number of tweets dedicated to attacking. Within his first year of presidency, Trump had tweeted over 1,100 tweets with a motive of attack (Syckle, 2019). Furthermore, the tweets are normally posted in the early hours of the day or in the evenings, where Trump is more likely to be left privately without his advisors surrounding him. Studies show that the number of tweets are escalating along with the number of tweets with the intent of attacking or threatening, with new numbers for 2019 revealing Trump has so far tweeted over 5,800 tweets with attacks this year (Harris et. al, 2019). FRIDA: TRUMP’S USE OF POWER: Through analyzing Trump’s statements on both social media and in press conferences, a sense of power abuse can be established. Donald Trump has repeatedly and frequently used his position as the President of the United States to gain respect from his followers, and is also known for threatening anyone who will go against him and his opinions. Trump uses a mixture of legitimate power and coercive power. Throughout his presidency, there have been numerous cases in which he publicly threatens other people, where they can be public figures or his own staff. Additionally, he is consistently using his title to demand respect from his country as well as from the leaders of different countries. The White House advisor, Stephen Miller, announced during his first week of presidency: “The whole world will soon see, as we begin to take further actions, that the powers of the president to protect our country are very substantial and will not be questioned” (Milbank, 2019). This portrays the type of legitimate power source Donald Trump uses to establish his dominance.

(Screenshot /Twitter @realDonaldTrump) The fear of being punished or threatened will be of significance to his followers. Trump has had the highest percentage of administration turnover so far, with 80% turnover (Tenpas, 2019). Characteristics in followers like submissiveness and fear are factors that may contribute to a higher chance of power abuse. Along with Trump’s characteristics, including arrogance and an inflated view of self with a lack of empathy for others, may as well be part of contributing to power abuse.

(Tenpas, 2019) FRIDA: LEADERSHIP STYLE Donald Trump showcases a classic autocratic (also known as authoritarian) leadership style. The leadership style is characterized by an individual control over most (or all) decisions with little to no input from remaining group members (Cherry, 2019). Autocratic leaders often use and abuse the power that they have, regardless of the power source or type they have (Burn, 2019), often leading to corruption and discrepancies within an organization. Furthermore, Trump’s power source usage being a combination coercive and legitimate, is consistent with an autocratic leadership style. The leadership style is often seen in those with “A-type”-personalities, as it revolves mainly around control and the ability (or lack thereof) of delegation. The style is considered to be very effective when trying to achieve and reach goals within a short time frame (Luthor, 2019). Another characteristic seen in an autocratic leadership style which reflects greatly in Donald Trump, is the ability to take credit for someone else’s work (Kramer, 2019). As seen in the recent press conference regarding the assassination of Islamic State-leader Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, Trump took the full credit and responsibility for the raid. IDENTIFY AND EVALUATE THE LEADER’S CHARACTERISTICS : IRENE Despite his contempt from the voting public, Donald Trump was elected to be president in 2017. Trump ran for president with the Republican party without any loyalty towards the party. He claimed to be a catalyst for significant change; however, his inauguration speech demonstrated his disregard for many of the policies practiced over the past seven decades. Trump has severe disdain to the Republican administration rules, which has destroyed the status quo of the party and has led to speculation over the future of the United States of America all around the world. (Pollack ,2017) Almost all people's understanding of a bad leader's attributes come from their lack of ethics, i.e., politicians who focus on their goals instead of doing something useful to society. Most believe that politicians should be willing to care about the people above their needs. Nonetheless, according to the independent UK, Trump's choices from taxes and environmental and foreign policies are often challenged as to whether they are in his interest or the public interest. (Robinson, 2018). It would seem that his ego-driven, impulsive existence somewhat distresses both the public and the state. David Apol, director of the Office of Government Ethics, is worried that the decision of Donald Trump not to divest from his business holdings and the scandals involving his cabinet is

creating public mistrust and potential bribery in the public sector. (Scheck, 2018) This proves what Veldsman (2016) believes of incompetent leaders; they "will destroy people, destroy economies, and destroy societies." On the other hand, Trump has shown authentic leadership, i.e., "he means what he says," and is never apologizing even though it is inconvenient to the citizens. (Percy, 2018) Looking into this, one might say he has shifted the expectations somewhat or brought out a side of presidential prowess not done by many of his predecessors. Trump, for example, uses twitter to express his views to the world, and while many people disagree with them, it can be viewed as a social phenomenon that will change the future of politics, i.e., the notion of a renowned president communicating his opinions with the public.

ANALYSIS OF HOW THE LEADER DEVELOPED AND CHANGED HIMSELF: IRENE Donald Trump was born in June 1946 to a wealthy family; he studied at the New York Military Academy and Fordham University before moving to the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School, where he graduated with a Bachelor of Economics degree. He then went under his father's wing and worked in Brooklyn and Queens in his real estate business, then, later on, took control of the business in 1971 and named it Trump Organization. (Investopedia,2019) Trump started engaging in commercial real estate property in New York City offered to those willing to invest substantial tax breaks. Because of his deal-making skills, Trump managed to secure construction loans with little leverage, and this allowed him to build a real estate and entertainment empire while becoming popular. (Allen, S. (2019) During the recession in the 1980s, Trump became bankrupt owing to his inability to pay off loans. (Coble, J 2019) According to The Times report, "The numbers show that in 1985, Mr. Trump reported losses of $46.1 million from his core businesses – largely casinos, hotels and retail space in apartment buildings. They continued to lose money every year, totaling $1.17 billion in losses for the decade." Nevertheless, after restructuring his debts, his creditors settled it, stopping him from going into personal bankruptcy. (Buettner and Craig, 2019) Trump created a reputation of showmanship from his mother, a contestant in Queen Elizabeth II's coronation pageantry. (Investopedia, 2019) He gained an understanding of the influence of spectacle and used it to progress from the corporate world to the public eye. His popularity increased as he joined the apprentice in 2004, where he became well-known as a judge for aspiring business people. (Allen, 2019) Shortly afterward, Trump announced he would

run as a Republican for the US presidency. Trump succeeded in becoming the president in 2016 without any political or military experience, defeating former state secretary Hillary Clinton. As an entrepreneur, he landed in the white house and looked at his business background as a foundation for his regulatory and trade approach. (Ellsworth, C. (2018)

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