Individual Case Project
Case MY-1307
Las Vegas Visitors
This case was prepared by Mike Bendixen and Yuliya Yurova, professors of Research Methods and Decision Sciences at the H. Wayne Huizenga School of Business and Entrepreneurship, Nova Southeastern University. It is intended as a basis for class discussion rather than to illustrate effective or ineffective handling of an administrative situation. The numbers and characters in the case are fictitious. Copyright © 2013, Nova Southeastern University. January 29, 2013.
Dumitru: The bank wants more details – they aren’t comfortable with our revenue forecast. They want to know why we think revenue will grow in 2013 given the depressed state of the economy.
Denis: Okay Dad. I think I can help you with that. I can work up a forecast of the number of visitors to Las Vegas based on historical records.
Dumitru: I knew that fancy education of yours would help the business! Can you do something today?
Denis: Sure, Dad. I will email you something this evening after classes.
Dumitru Mironescu had helped his parents flee Romania in 1983 to escape the tyranny of Nicolae Ceauşescu. The family settled in Las Vegas and Dumitru had given up any ideas of furthering his education so that he could take a job to help the family survive. He started off modestly as a parking attendant at a major hotel until he learned to speak English properly. His hard work paid off and after a while he was parking the cars for guests using the valet service. His incredible attention to detail and friendly interaction with everyone was noticed and after a while he was offered the position of driver for the hotel limousine service. After several years of doing this, he and his friend, David, scraped together all the money they had and bought their own used vehicle and started their own limousine service. From those small beginnings, Dumitru now ran one of the best services in Las Vegas with a fleet of 17 vehicles.
During 2012, Dumitru decided that the time had come to replace three of his oldest vehicles and expand the fleet with two new vehicles. He approached his bank to finance the new purchases and submitted a business plan which his son, Denis, had helped him write.
Denis was very proud that he had been offered a position at a university in Tennessee to study for his MBA. He was determined to make the most of this opportunity and to help his Dad in every possible way. While Dumitru’s business had done quite well over the years, the recent recession had taken its toll. Denis knew that his father had made many sacrifices to fund his studies and he would be eternally grateful for that opportunity.
He knew that revenue for limousine services was driven by the number of visitors to the area. After searching the internet, Denis quickly found records of the number of visitors to Las Vegas over many years: http://www.lvcva.com/stats-and-facts/visitor-statistics/
From the annual data for 1970 to 2011, he noticed that the total number of visitors seemed to be reaching a plateau. From the monthly data, he noticed that there were some complex seasonal patterns. He downloaded the data and set to work. He had to forecast the number visitors for the period December 2012 through December 2013 and prepare a convincing argument that revenue would grow rather than remain static. He reached for the notes he took from the class on forecasting realizing that this was not going to be 10 minute exercise.
The format of the individual case study: 1) You will write a maximum of 5 page report with the following sections, and answer the questions that follow. 2) You will then record yourself presenting a 3-5 minute overview of your problem statement, conclusions and recommendations, and the forecasting method you believe should be used.
Executive Summary
This section should appear on a separate page at the beginning of the report. It should be limited to a maximum of 200 words and give a very brief summary of the background , the problem , the method of analysis and the recommendations . Please note that this summary must have all four of these elements.
Problem
A succinct statement of the problem/ dilemma/ issue should be stated here. Be careful to identify the real problem and not the symptoms of the problem. Define a problem statement, which reflects the challenge facing Denis as he prepares to replace his oldest vehicles.
Conclusions and Recommendations
In this section, the recommended solution to the problem or resolution of the dilemma should be presented. The reason for the recommendation should be justified and the implications of the solution articulated. Be sure that your recommendations are related to the stated problem and avoid going off at tangents.
Answer Questions 1a through 1b below:
Question 1a: What are the challenges for Denis to get accurate forecasts? What are some of the reasons for this?
Question 1b: What can Denis do to improve his forecast in the future?
Answer Questions 2a through 2e below:
Question 2: Describe the details of each forecasting method used in the attached Excel sheets (MAD value) in comparison with the accuracy of the other methods. You will need to check the excel worksheets and if the forecast has not been created, you might have to create it yourself! We are just forecasting the population, because the bank wants to know that we have looked at the population data to show that our revenue depends on population. The Forecast for November 2012 was 3,352,224.8
2a) Last Value
2b) Averaging
2c) Moving Average (How many periods is shown and how many should you use?)
2d) Exponential Smoothing (alpha = 0.1)
2e) Exponential Smoothing (alpha = 0.5)
Answer Questions 3a through 3d below:
Question 3a: Look at the Las Vegas Solution file and look at the Annual Plot worksheet. Then look at the Regression chart sheet. Why does looking at the data monthly cause us concern?
Explain!
Question 3b: Look at the Rankings Worksheet. The manager has reviewed 3 different methods and used 3 different error methods, Mean Error (Not MAD), MSE and MAPE to evaluate the 3 different methods.
Explain the value of using the Mean Error instead of the MAD!
Question 3c: Based on the ME, MSE and MAPE for the 3 different methods shown in the Rankings worksheet, which method would you recommend. Define a weakness and strength of each method, based on the ME, MSE and MAPE and total forecast of population for the year.
Question 3d: Considering your answers to Questions 3a, 3b and 3c and all the factors that have been described above, prepare your best forecast for December 2012. Show your forecast value below and explain and justify how you came up with this forecast.
Revenue Forecast for December 2012 (My forecast): _________________
Explanation and Justification of Your Method:
Monthly data
| Date | Visitors |
| Jan-02 | 2,671,527 |
| Feb-02 | 2,762,435 |
| Mar-02 | 3,262,328 |
| Apr-02 | 2,977,418 |
| May-02 | 3,060,042 |
| Jun-02 | 2,952,639 |
| Jul-02 | 2,988,523 |
| Aug-02 | 3,182,116 |
| Sep-02 | 2,750,354 |
| Oct-02 | 3,014,582 |
| Nov-02 | 2,814,321 |
| Dec-02 | 2,635,220 |
| Jan-03 | 2,913,249 |
| Feb-03 | 2,769,615 |
| Mar-03 | 3,020,218 |
| Apr-03 | 2,933,665 |
| May-03 | 3,048,745 |
| Jun-03 | 2,943,330 |
| Jul-03 | 3,122,593 |
| Aug-03 | 3,207,142 |
| Sep-03 | 2,847,879 |
| Oct-03 | 3,109,334 |
| Nov-03 | 2,851,516 |
| Dec-03 | 2,772,840 |
| Jan-04 | 3,054,397 |
| Feb-04 | 2,914,259 |
| Mar-04 | 3,292,803 |
| Apr-04 | 3,242,858 |
| May-04 | 3,258,384 |
| Jun-04 | 3,007,446 |
| Jul-04 | 3,204,588 |
| Aug-04 | 3,170,961 |
| Sep-04 | 3,125,293 |
| Oct-04 | 3,333,322 |
| Nov-04 | 2,928,133 |
| Dec-04 | 2,856,337 |
| Jan-05 | 3,048,045 |
| Feb-05 | 2,950,007 |
| Mar-05 | 3,396,600 |
| Apr-05 | 3,290,313 |
| May-05 | 3,370,380 |
| Jun-05 | 3,222,784 |
| Jul-05 | 3,388,437 |
| Aug-05 | 3,252,148 |
| Sep-05 | 3,173,326 |
| Oct-05 | 3,303,177 |
| Nov-05 | 3,097,701 |
| Dec-05 | 3,073,799 |
| Jan-06 | 3,175,528 |
| Feb-06 | 2,977,418 |
| Mar-06 | 3,408,421 |
| Apr-06 | 3,301,734 |
| May-06 | 3,341,156 |
| Jun-06 | 3,157,228 |
| Jul-06 | 3,369,877 |
| Aug-06 | 3,341,005 |
| Sep-06 | 3,278,884 |
| Oct-06 | 3,384,978 |
| Nov-06 | 3,124,369 |
| Dec-06 | 3,054,291 |
| Jan-07 | 3,156,419 |
| Feb-07 | 3,015,850 |
| Mar-07 | 3,456,738 |
| Apr-07 | 3,314,448 |
| May-07 | 3,380,791 |
| Jun-07 | 3,282,315 |
| Jul-07 | 3,378,193 |
| Aug-07 | 3,353,997 |
| Sep-07 | 3,268,125 |
| Oct-07 | 3,384,546 |
| Nov-07 | 3,129,508 |
| Dec-07 | 3,075,831 |
| Jan-08 | 3,138,312 |
| Feb-08 | 3,107,997 |
| Mar-08 | 3,423,765 |
| Apr-08 | 3,265,251 |
| May-08 | 3,395,991 |
| Jun-08 | 3,179,472 |
| Jul-08 | 3,222,456 |
| Aug-08 | 3,211,209 |
| Sep-08 | 2,936,499 |
| Oct-08 | 3,039,272 |
| Nov-08 | 2,821,629 |
| Dec-08 | 2,739,699 |
| Jan-09 | 2,765,916 |
| Feb-09 | 2,858,545 |
| Mar-09 | 3,202,344 |
| Apr-09 | 3,171,043 |
| May-09 | 3,199,719 |
| Jun-09 | 2,980,122 |
| Jul-09 | 3,181,139 |
| Aug-09 | 3,092,403 |
| Sep-09 | 3,062,340 |
| Oct-09 | 3,153,159 |
| Nov-09 | 2,904,091 |
| Dec-09 | 2,780,648 |
| Jan-10 | 2,877,716 |
| Feb-10 | 2,856,456 |
| Mar-10 | 3,224,697 |
| Apr-10 | 3,199,541 |
| May-10 | 3,262,831 |
| Jun-10 | 3,106,965 |
| Jul-10 | 3,330,658 |
| Aug-10 | 3,201,662 |
| Sep-10 | 3,123,549 |
| Oct-10 | 3,332,628 |
| Nov-10 | 2,933,897 |
| Dec-10 | 2,884,836 |
| Jan-11 | 3,126,364 |
| Feb-11 | 2,884,587 |
| Mar-11 | 3,406,385 |
| Apr-11 | 3,354,283 |
| May-11 | 3,369,262 |
| Jun-11 | 3,324,290 |
| Jul-11 | 3,472,861 |
| Aug-11 | 3,290,473 |
| Sep-11 | 3,294,117 |
| Oct-11 | 3,422,074 |
| Nov-11 | 3,026,521 |
| Dec-11 | 2,957,491 |
| Jan-12 | 3,154,639 |
| Feb-12 | 3,069,954 |
| Mar-12 | 3,531,994 |
| Apr-12 | 3,324,459 |
| May-12 | 3,451,394 |
| Jun-12 | 3,392,798 |
| Jul-12 | 3,443,486 |
| Aug-12 | 3,340,826 |
| Sep-12 | 3,353,330 |
| Oct-12 | 3,521,430 |
| Nov-12 | 3,102,052 |
Monthly plot
Annual data
| Year | Volume | |||||||||||||
| 1970 | 6,787,650 | |||||||||||||
| 1971 | 7,361,783 | |||||||||||||
| 1972 | 7,954,748 | |||||||||||||
| 1973 | 8,474,727 | |||||||||||||
| 1974 | 8,664,751 | |||||||||||||
| 1975 | 9,151,427 | |||||||||||||
| 1976 | 9,769,354 | |||||||||||||
| 1977 | 10,137,021 | |||||||||||||
| 1978 | 11,178,111 | |||||||||||||
| 1979 | 11,696,073 | |||||||||||||
| 1980 | 11,941,524 | |||||||||||||
| 1981 | 11,820,788 | |||||||||||||
| 1982 | 11,633,728 | |||||||||||||
| 1983 | 12,348,270 | |||||||||||||
| 1984 | 12,843,433 | |||||||||||||
| 1985 | 14,194,189 | |||||||||||||
| 1986 | 15,196,284 | |||||||||||||
| 1987 | 16,216,102 | |||||||||||||
| 1988 | 17,199,808 | |||||||||||||
| 1989 | 18,129,684 | |||||||||||||
| 1990 | 20,954,420 | |||||||||||||
| 1991 | 21,315,116 | |||||||||||||
| 1992 | 21,886,865 | |||||||||||||
| 1993 | 23,522,593 | |||||||||||||
| 1994 | 28,214,362 | |||||||||||||
| 1995 | 29,002,122 | |||||||||||||
| 1996 | 29,636,361 | |||||||||||||
| 1997 | 30,464,635 | |||||||||||||
| 1998 | 30,605,128 | |||||||||||||
| 1999 | 33,809,134 | |||||||||||||
| 2000 | 35,849,691 | |||||||||||||
| 2001 | 35,017,317 | r | ||||||||||||
| 2002 | 35,071,504 | |||||||||||||
| 2003 | 35,540,126 | |||||||||||||
| 2004 | 37,388,781 | |||||||||||||
| 2005 | 38,566,717 | |||||||||||||
| 2006 | 38,914,889 | |||||||||||||
| 2007 | 39,196,761 | |||||||||||||
| 2008 | 37,481,552 | |||||||||||||
| 2009 | 36,351,469 | |||||||||||||
| 2010 | 37,335,436 | |||||||||||||
| 2011 | 38,928,708 | |||||||||||||
Annual plot
Sheet3
Las Vegas
visitors.xlsx