Las final exam

Good Neighbor Policy Test 2 1. Why did U.S. foreign policy towards Latin America change in the 1930s?

● -WWI & WWII ○ Diminished European economic/ military involvement in the region

● -Successful implementation of Roosevelt Corollary via the Big Stick & Dollar Diplomacy

○ Military implementation + Economic implementation ● -1929 Market crash/ Great Depression

○ Reduced European already diminished European economic interest ○ Reduced U.S capacity to continue constant military intervention

● -Policy exhaustion with Roosevelt Corollary ○ Too many intervention ○ failure to establish democracies ○ failure to protect the lives/ property of investors

Monroe Doctrine 1823; Symbolic declaration. Opposes the colonization of the American continent by any European power. Claims hemispheric hegemony for the United States and makes an ideologically sound argument.

2. What did the Good Neighbor policy consist of? ● Washington withdrew military troops ● Refrained from intervention ● Initiated process of consultation/ cooperation ● Move from unilateral policies to bilateral or multilateral ● More emphasis on economic strength and diplomatic persuasion

3. Why is this policy deemed successful? ● Fostered alliances with LA ● Undid parts of the Platt Amendment in Cuba Constitution ● Promoted trade

○ slashed protectionist tariffs on imports to increased trade ○ Ended the Smoot-Hawley Tariff ○ Created trade agreement ○ US became leading trading partner with LA ○ Acquired raw products for war effort such as oil production

4. Did the policy promote democracy or dictatorship? in the region?

● Continued to promote democracy without military imposition ● Use of soft power ● Use of diplomacy to influence regional leaders and play down Monroe Doctrine

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● Foreign policy interests. ● ◦ Security–protect citizens from international aggressors.

◦ Economic–generate economic welfare at home by establishing trade relations abroad. ◦ Ideological/Diplomatic Agenda–Policies created are founded on historical and philosophical traditions that are valued, and which policymakers want to promote. Ideally, based on shared values, which allow creation of alliances, and ideally it reduces use of force.

U.S. Strategic and Economic Interests; Influenced by Alfred Thayer Mahan ◦ Securing the Caribbean Basin was key to creating opportunities for trade ◦ Caribbean Islands like Cuba or Puerto Rico were perceived as important in securing shipping lanes ◦ Panama Isthmus ◦ Link East & West US coasts but also open up Asia for trade Washington Protocol 1903; U.S. and Argentina interceded, and all parties agreed to the Washington Protocol of 1903. Venezuela agreed to allot 30% of its customs duties toward payment of its European debt and Europe would stay away from the Americas. Roosevelt Corollary of 1904;

 Events leading to the Roosevelt Corollary ◦ Venezuela defaulted on its European debt ◦ Britain, Germany, and Italy sent warships to Venezuela to organize a blockade and bombard its ports

 To prevent European intervention in the region the United States would be responsible for establishing order U.S. ◦ Gov’t essentially becomes the mediator of conflicts and the region’s hegemon ◦ Has unilateral ability to interfere in the affairs of Latin American states in cases of “wrong-doing and impotence,” which are arbitrarily determined by U.S. policymakers ◦ Because U.S. was militarily powerful, no longer symbolic declaration (as the Monroe doctrine was at the time)

Obstacles to Democracy; Catholicism & monarchical rule, Tropics and Race. Big Stick/Gun Boat Diplomacy. ◦Troops would arrive ◦Deposed rulers ◦Installed a hand-picked provisional government ◦Pre-selected candidates ◦Supervised national elections ◦U.S. departed.

Dollar Diplomacy.

The United States government urged U.S. banks to takeover European debt. In exchange, the U.S. government assured U.S. banks that they would be able to collect the debt because the U.S. government would intervene and take over customs houses and secure payment.

This study source was downloaded by 100000820519665 from CourseHero.com on 04-16-2021 10:25:36 GMT -05:00

https://www.coursehero.com/file/82485830/Final-Reviewdocx/

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