Question

Student’s Name

Professor’s Name

Course Name

Date

Introduction

The specific heat capacity c [J/(kg K)] of material indicates how much energy is required to change the temperature of 1 kg of material by 1 K (= 1 °C). For example, the lower explicit heat limit of fat compared to other sensitive materials indicates that fat requires less energy to produce a given temperature increase (Li & Zheng, 2016). Assuming that we duplicate the explicit heat capacity with the bulk thickness (ρ • c[J/(m3 K)]), we obtain the energy required to raise the temperature of 1 m3 of material by 1 K (= 1 °C). a quantity proportional to the heat explicit volume limit. Energy exists in different structures. Examples are: light energy, thermal energy, mechanical energy, gravitational energy, electrical energy, sonic energy, combined energy, atomic or nuclear energy. Each structure can be modified or transformed into a different structure ("Unit of specific heat capacity," 2020). In this experiment the heat capacity of water, olive oil, brick and iron were investigated and the difference recorded. The experiment also investigated the forms of energy and how each form is changes to another form in order to heat water, light florescence and spherical bulb, and fun.

Objectives

· Investigating specific heat capacity

· Investigating energy forms in system

Procedure

Investigating specific heat capacity

1. I clicked the “Intro” icon to start the simulation.

2. I clicked the “Link Heaters” box in the top-right part of the screen. This will ensure the two heaters give out the same amount of energy per second.

3. I placed two different heat capacities on the stands by clicking and dragging them there.

4. I clicked and dragged a thermometer from the top-left corner of the screen onto each heat capacity.

5. I clicked and held one of the heater temperatures controls, then dragged it up towards “Heat” and held it there. When I let go of the heater slider, the heat capacities slowly cooled down.

6. I clicked the orange reset button in the bottom-right corner of the screen when done with the experience. I will have to re-check “Link Heaters” and add new thermometers to each object.

6. Went through all the possible combinations of heat capacities, compared the results, and ranked them from lowest to highest value of c.

Investigating energy forms in system

1. I click the “System” icon to start the simulation.

2. I click the “Energy symbol” box in the top-right part of the screen. This will ensure to show you types of energy in the system.

3. I clicked to the girl on bike and change its control and observed how energy form changes from one to other while the generator heats up water in the container to its boiling state.

4. I made a table to show names of energy forms that changes from one to another.

5. I then replace water from right side with a spherical bulb and repeated steps 3 and 4 and add your results to the same table what you made in step 4.

6. I then replaced the spherical bulb to the fluorescent bulb and repeated steps 3-5.

7. I then replaced with fan and repeated step 3-5

8. I came back to the water again on right side and changed left side model. Replaced the girl with water tape, sun and kettle respectively one by one and observed how long water took to boil and how types of energy changed from one to other.

9. Then kept the Sun on left side and Water on right side but changed generator with solar screen in the middle and see how energy changes from one to other when i move the control on left side.

Results

Brick heats up faster than olive oil, iron, and water therefore the heat capacity of brick is lower. The energy required to change the temperature is low. Water has the highest heat capacity than all the other heat capacities, followed by iron and olive oil respectively. Olive oil will heat up faster than water because the heat capacity of oil is lower than the heat capacity of water. Water requires more energy per gram of liquid to change its temperature. Microwaves are much better at heating polar molecules, like water.

Final raking: highest heat capacity to lowest heat capacity

Water

Iron

Olive oil

Brick

Water does not it up when heated with the sun and generator connected to a wheel. Wheel do not convert light energy to electric thus, water is not heated. Water is heated when the girl cycles. However, the production of it is not continues since the girl needs to be feed at intervals. Water flowing from the tap produces a mechanical energy enough to push the wheel which in turns powers the generator.

Connecting the generator with a solar panel and in the presence of sunlight boils the water. Water does not boil in the presence of cloud. Water is heated when the generator is connected to a wheel being pushed by energy produced when a kettle with water is heated. However, water does not boil when the kettle is not heated. Water dos not heat up when the sun and generator are used in the experiment.

Table 1; A final data table with names of objects changed on left, right and middle section with the form of energy .

C- Chemical

M- Mechanical

E- Electrical

T- Thermal

L- Light

Discussion and conclusion

Objects with lower heat capacity will heat up faster than those with higher heat. Object with higher heat capacity requires more energy per gram to change its temperature. Microwaves are much better at heating polar molecules thus, effective when heating object with higher heat capacity.

Energy forms in system are different. For instance energy forms starting when the girl is circling begins with chemical energy which is transformed to mechanical energy when the girl peddling. The mechanical energy produced when peddling powers the generator which produce electrical energy. The electrical energy is then converted to thermal energy by the heater which in turns heats the water. The sun requires solar panel to convert the light energy to electrical which will then be converted to heat energy by the heater.

References