course help
Language and Cognitive Development.notebook
1
February 03, 2011
Nov 264:54 PM
Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
Nov 264:35 PM
Kindergarten students:
Listening • Follow 12 simple directions in a sequence • Listen to and understand ageappropriate stories read aloud • Follow a simple conversation
Speaking • Be understood by most people • Answer simple "yes/no" questions • Answer openended questions (e.g., "What did you have for lunch today?") • Retell a story or talk about an event • Participate appropriately in conversations • Show interest in and start conversations
Language and Cognitive Development.notebook
2
February 03, 2011
Nov 264:36 PM
Kindergarten:
Targeted Reading • Know how a book works (e.g., read from left to right and top to bottom in English) • Understand that spoken words are made up of sounds • Identify words that rhyme (e.g., cat and hat) • Compare and match words based on their sounds • Understand that letters represent speech sounds and match sounds to letters • Identify upper and lowercase letters • Recognize some words by sight • "Read" a few picture books from memory • Imitate reading by talking about pictures in a book Targeted Writing • Print own first and last name • Draw a picture that tells a story and label and write about the picture • Write upper and lowercase letters (may not be clearly written)
Nov 264:38 PM
1st grade
Listening • Remember information • Respond to instructions • Follow 23 step directions in a sequence
Speaking • Be easily understood • Answer more complex "yes/no" questions • Tell and retell stories and events in a logical order • Express ideas with a variety of complete sentences • Use most parts of speech (grammar) correctly • Ask and respond to "wh" questions (who, what, where, when, why) • Stay on topic and take turns in conversation • Give directions • Start conversations
Language and Cognitive Development.notebook
3
February 03, 2011
Nov 264:39 PM
1st grade:
Targeted Reading • Create rhyming words • Identify all sounds in short words • Blend separate sounds to form words • Match spoken words with print • Know how a book works (e.g., read from left to right and top to bottom in English) • Identify letters, words, and sentences • Sound out words when reading • Have a sight vocabulary of 100 common words • Read gradelevel material fluently • Understand what is read
Targeted Writing • Express ideas through writing • Print clearly • Spell frequently used words correctly • Begin each sentence with capital letters and use ending punctuation • Write a variety of stories, journal entries, or letters/notes
Nov 264:40 PM
2nd grade:
Listening • Follow 34 oral directions in a sequence • Understand direction words (e.g., location, space, and time words) • Correctly answer questions about a gradelevel story
Speaking • Be easily understood • Answer more complex "yes/no" questions • Ask and answer "wh" questions (e.g., who, what, where, when, why) • Use increasingly complex sentence structures • Clarify and explain words and ideas • Give directions with 34 steps • Use oral language to inform, to persuade, and to entertain • Stay on topic, take turns, and use appropriate eye contact during conversation • Open and close conversation appropriately
Language and Cognitive Development.notebook
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February 03, 2011
Nov 264:41 PM
2nd grade:
Reading
• Have fully mastered phonics/sound awareness
• Associate speech sounds, syllables, words, and phrases with their written forms
• Recognize many words by sight
• Use meaning clues when reading (e.g., pictures, titles/headings, information in the story)
• Reread and selfcorrect when necessary
• Locate information to answer questions
• Explain key elements of a story (e.g., main idea, main characters, plot)
• Use own experience to predict and justify what will happen in gradelevel stories
• Read, paraphrase/retell a story in a sequence
• Read gradelevel stories, poetry, or dramatic text silently and aloud with fluency
• Read spontaneously
• Identify and use spelling patterns in words when reading
Writing
• Write legibly
• Use a variety of sentence types in writing essays, poetry, or short stories (fiction and nonfiction)
• Use basic punctuation and capitalization appropriately
• Organize writing to include beginning, middle, and end
• Spell frequently used words correctly
• Progress from inventive spelling (e.g., spelling by sound) to more accurate spelling
Nov 264:42 PM
3rd grade:
Listening
• Listen attentively in group situations
• Understand gradelevel material
Speaking
• Speak clearly with an appropriate voice
• Ask and respond to questions
• Participate in conversations and group discussions
• Use subjectrelated vocabulary
• Stay on topic, use appropriate eye contact, and take turns in conversation
• Summarize a story accurately
• Explain what has been learned
Language and Cognitive Development.notebook
5
February 03, 2011
Nov 264:43 PM
3rd grade:
Reading
• Demonstrate full mastery of basic phonics
• Use word analysis skills when reading
• Use clues from language content and structure to help understand what is read
• Predict and justify what will happen next in stories and compare and contrast stories
• Ask and answer questions regarding reading material
• Use acquired information to learn about new topics
• Read gradelevel books fluently (fiction and nonfiction)
• Reread and correct errors when necessary
Writing
• Plan, organize, revise, and edit
• Include details in writing
• Write stories, letters, simple explanations, and brief reports
• Spell simple words correctly, correct most spelling independently, and use a dictionary to correct spelling
• Write clearly in cursive
Nov 264:44 PM
4th grade:
Listening
• Listen to and understand information presented by others
• Form opinions based on evidence
• Listen for specific purposes
Speaking
• Use words appropriately in conversation
• Use language effectively for a variety of purposes
• Understand some figurative language (e.g., "the forest stretched across…")
• Participate in group discussions
• Give accurate directions to others
• Summarize and restate ideas
• Organize information for clarity
• Use subject area information and vocabulary (e.g., social studies) for learning
• Make effective oral presentations
Language and Cognitive Development.notebook
6
February 03, 2011
Nov 264:45 PM
4th grade:
Reading
• Read for specific purposes
• Read gradelevel books fluently
• Use previously learned information to understand new material
• Follow written directions
• Take brief notes
• Link information learned to different subjects
• Learn meanings of new words through knowledge of word origins, synonyms, and multiple meanings
• Use reference materials (e.g., dictionary)
• Explain the author's purpose and writing style
• Read and understand a variety of types of literature, including fiction, nonfiction, historical fiction, and poetry
• Compare and contrast in content areas
• Make inferences from texts
• Paraphrase content, including the main idea and details
Writing
• Write effective stories and explanations, including several paragraphs about the same topic
• Develop a plan for writing, including a beginning, middle, and end
• Organize writing to convey a central idea
• Edit final copies for grammar, punctuation, and spelling
Nov 264:45 PM
5th grade:
Listening
• Listen and draw conclusions in subject area learning activities
Speaking
• Make planned oral presentations appropriate to the audience
• Maintain eye contact and use gestures, facial expressions, and appropriate voice during group presentations
• Participate in class discussions across subject areas
• Summarize main points
• Report about information gathered in group activities
Language and Cognitive Development.notebook
7
February 03, 2011
Nov 264:47 PM
5th grade:
Reading
• Read gradelevel books fluently
• Learn meanings of unfamiliar words through knowledge of root words, prefixes, and suffixes
• Prioritize information according to the purpose of reading
• Read a variety of literary forms
• Describe development of character and plot
• Describe characteristics of poetry
• Analyze author's language and style
• Use reference materials to support opinions
Writing
• Write for a variety of purposes
• Use vocabulary effectively
• Vary sentence structure
• Revise writing for clarity
• Edit final copies
Dec 298:59 AM
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