Psychology Article Summary (2 pages)

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LabReportResultsandDiscussion.pptx

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Final Lab Report

Please make sure to read the final lab report guide on Blackboard

Has grade breakdown

Has information about each section

Due by Fri., May 3 at 11:59 p.m.

Can use late breaks

Lose 10% of grade per day that it is late w/o late breaks

Must be submitted by Sun., May 7 at 2:00 p.m!!!

Results

Start by pointing reader to the figure you are talking about

Don’t use the term “significant” as you are not conducting inferential statistical tests.

Avoid vague qualifiers like “much longer” or “a lot higher”

Instead calculate the actual difference and report the difference

Figure 1 shows that overall the mean PRP increased as the unfavorable interval increased. The PRP was 2.31, 6.34, and 10.82 s longer when the FI was 15, 20, and 25 s, respectively, than when it was 10 s.

FI 10 s FI 10 s

Upc - UF 1.2622044208447374 0.90503959397734379 1.2622044208447374 0.90503959397734379 Unfavorable Favorable 1.87 3.6983333333333328 Upc - F 0.97764342511299218 1.5882065356873445 0.97764342511299218 1.5882065356873445 Unfavorable Favorable 4.1566666666666672 3.7300000000000004

PRP (s)

FI 10 s FI 15 s

Upc - UF 0.91885798685106901 1.7733020047357917 0.91885798685106901 1.7733020047357917 Unfavorable Favorable 4.152857142857143 6.0371428571428583 Upc - F 1.5177038578062585 0.81895767086380455 1.5177038578062585 0.81895767086380455 Unfavorable Favorable 3.9728571428571433 2.9314285714285715

FI 10 s FI 20 s

Upc - UF 2.4080503870697285 2.5342533417162505 2.4080503870697285 2.5342533417162505 Unfavorable Favorable 7.1766666666666667 11.07 Upc - F 0.64183071496046784 1.8875424940028949 0.64183071496046784 1.8875424940028949 Unfavorable Favorable 2.7633333333333336 2.4016666666666664

Past Interval

PRP (s)

FI 10 s FI 25 s

Upc - UF 1.5 2 1.5 2 Unfavorable Favorable 9.1999999999999993 18 Upc - F 1 0.5 1 0.5 Unfavorable Favorable 2.5 2.2999999999999998

Past Interval

Figure 1 shows that overall the mean PRP increased as the unfavorable interval increased. The PRP was 1.83, 3.28, and 4.88 times longer when the FI was 15, 20, and 25 s, respectively, than when it was 10 s.

Overall, the PRP was 24-54% of the interval value.

FI 10 s FI 10 s

PRP (s)

FI 10 s FI 15 s

FI 10 s FI 20 s

Past Interval

PRP (s)

FI 10 s FI 25 s

Upc - UF 1.5 2 1.5 2 Unfavorable Favorable 9.1999999999999993 18 Upc - F 1 0.5 1 0.5 Unfavorable Favorable 2.5 2.2999999999999998

Past Interval

Figure 1 also shows that the past and upcoming interval length interacted with respect to the PRP. That is, the PRP was longer in the favorable-unfavorable transition than in the unfavorable-unfavorable transition.

For example, when the upcoming FI was 25 s, the PRP was 8.8 s longer when the past FI was 10 s than when it was 25 s.

FI 10 s FI 10 s

PRP (s)

FI 10 s FI 15 s

FI 10 s FI 20 s

Past Interval

PRP (s)

FI 10 s FI 25 s

Upc - UF 1.5 2 1.5 2 Unfavorable Favorable 9.1999999999999993 18 Upc - F 1 0.5 1 0.5 Unfavorable Favorable 2.5 2.2999999999999998

Past Interval

The interaction between the past and upcoming interval values increased as the difference between the intevals grew.

Pauses before the FI 10 s were comparable independent of the past interval and remained fairly constant as the unfavorable FI increased.

FI 10 s FI 10 s

PRP (s)

FI 10 s FI 15 s

FI 10 s FI 20 s

Past Interval

PRP (s)

FI 10 s FI 25 s

Upc - UF 1.5 2 1.5 2 Unfavorable Favorable 9.1999999999999993 18 Upc - F 1 0.5 1 0.5 Unfavorable Favorable 2.5 2.2999999999999998

Past Interval

Discussion

Brief summary of your results.

Overall effects – don’t need specific values, etc.

Your results

Compare to other exps.

Limitations, future experiments, summary paragraph

Explain your results

Discussion

Can discuss pause data and run rate data separately

Did you replicate general result that as FI increases, PRP increases?

Why is that important?

What does it suggest is controlling paus in FI schedules?

Your results

Compare to other exps.

Limitations, future experiments, summary paragraph

Explain your results

Discussion

Did you replicate pause data from Perone and Courtney’s and other studies that looked at rich-lean transitions?

Extends generality of rich-lean effect to FI schedules

Reinforcement rate

Explain why PRPs are longer in favorable-unfavorable transition

Is it just switching levers?

Are there other explanations for the

Your results

Compare to other exps.

Limitations, future experiments, summary paragraph

Explain your results

Discussion

Are there other explanations other than changing from a favorable SR rate  unfavorable SR rate for the differences in pauses?

Is it just switching levers?

Is it the fact that there are more responses made in the longer interval compared to the shorter interval?

That is, are the pauses more a function of large work requirement  small work requirement than rate of reinforcement?

How might you test that?

Your results

Compare to other exps.

Limitations, future experiments, summary paragraph

Explain your results

Discussion

Did you replicate run-rate data from Perone and Courtney’s and other studies that looked at rich-lean transitions?

If so, what does that mean with respect to run rate versus pause?

If not, what did you find? What does this suggest about favorable-unfavorable transitions?

Your results

Compare to other exps.

Limitations, future experiments, summary paragraph

Explain your results

Discussion

Were there limitations/problems in your experiment that might have led to your results?

Can’t say just 1 subject.

Or that your subject was “stupid.”

If you say that variability was an issue, need to describe how you would change that.

Your results

Compare to other exps.

Limitations, future experiments, summary paragraph

Explain your results

Discussion

Important aspect of discussion is not only point out results, issues, etc., but also, explain/interpret them.

Your results

Compare to other exps.

Limitations, future experiments, summary paragraph

Explain your results

Discussion

Remember that confounding variable is something that varies across levels of IV (phases of the experiment).

Noise level or other students can’t be confounding variables because they were there during all phases. Didn’t change across phases.

Your results

Compare to other exps.

Limitations, future experiments, summary paragraph

Explain your results

Discussion

Last paragraph should be an overall summary of lab report.

This should be a positive statement about results – not “we couldn’t figure anything out because it was an undergrad class”

“more research needs to be done”

Your results

Compare to other exps.

Limitations, future experiments, summary paragraph

Explain your results