imagine you are a researcher interested in investigating a topic related to the psychology of gender.

L5_StereotypesandMethodsI_150_23.pdf

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Stereotypes & Research Methods 2/3/20

You should be able to answer…

• How do researchers within this field answer questions? Specifically what methods are used when? Why are they used in those cases?

Stereotype Threat

Stereotype: women are bad

at math

worry one will exemplify stereotypical behavior = poor performance

Outline

• Differences in propensity to stereotype?

- Transgender children (TC), siblings of transgender children (ST), & “controls” (C)

- Gender stereotyping: TC & ST < C

- Transgender children (TC), siblings of transgender children (ST), & “controls” (C)

- Gender stereotyping: TC & ST < C - Gender nonconforming behavior: TC & ST < C

Why Do We Stereotype?

Unfortunately, it’s about efficiency

You should be able to… • Identify, describe, and apply gender stereotypes • Identify, describe, and apply doctrine of two spheres • Identify, describe, and apply cult of true womanhood • Identify, describe, and apply male gender role identity • Identify, describe, and apply development of gender

stereotypes • Identify, describe, and apply differentiating prejudice from

discrimination • Identify, describe, and apply stereotype threat

Outline

• Scientific method and important terminology

Scientific Method

1) question; 2) hypothesis; and 3) test

Scientific Method: Theory

Bias poses significant barriers to women’s entry into STEM fields.

Scientific Method: Hypothesis

informed prediction of outcome; statement (not question)

Scientific Method: Hypothesis

When matched in qualifications, men will be favored over women for a research assistant

job in a STEM discipline.

How Many Aggressive Actions?

How many aggressive actions did you count?

a. None b. 1 – 3 c. 4 – 6 d. 7 – 9 e. More than 10

Clicker: Channel 41 Phone: Smith20

Operational Definition

construct (e.g., aggression) -> variable (i.e., measurable)

Operational Definition

When matched in qualifications, men will be favored over women for a research assistant job in a STEM discipline.

Operational Definition

When matched in qualifications, men will be favored over women for a research assistant job in a STEM discipline.

Population: group you want to know about (e.g., STEM leaders)

Sample: portion of population; randomly selected (ideally)

Scientific Method: Method U of A graduate, biology 4.0 GPA w/1 year of lab experience

HR file info indicates gender

Scientific Method: Method U of A graduate, biology 4.0 GPA w/1 year of lab experience

HR file info indicates gender

STEM Leaders decide: 1. Qualifications (1 = weak; 7 = strong) 2. Starting salary offered

Scientific Method: Method U of A graduate, biology 4.0 GPA w/1 year of lab experience

HR file info indicates gender

STEM Leaders decide: 1. Qualifications (1 = weak; 7 = strong) 2. Starting salary offered

variables measured or manipulated

Scientific Method: Conclusions

support refute

Scientific Method: Conclusions

Prove

Scientific Method: Conclusions

Prove Support or Refute

Reliability stable, consistent

Time 1

Time 2

Time 3 Time 4

strongly qualified

strongly qualified strongly

qualified

Validity

measure what you intend to measure

Validity

Bubble size Starting salary offered

A researcher asks male and female participants to order a list of past presidents from earliest to latest in office. The researcher uses the time it takes for participants to complete this task as a measure of their gender identity. This situation BEST represents a threat to

A. reliability. B. validity.

Clicker: Channel 41 Phone: Smith20