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AUTHOR-DATE CITATIONS

The author-date system of citation is used in specialized works in the social and natural sciences. Instead of notes, the author’s last name and date of publication (and sometimes the page number) are included in a parenthetical reference in the text, and complete publication information is provided in a single list of references cited, which must include every work cited in the text. This system is suitable only if most of the references are to works with clearly identifiable authors and publication dates rather than unpublished and documentary sources; it is not appropriate for works aimed at nonspecialist readers.

For all entries in the list of references, author’s last name appears first, followed by a comma and first name. If there are additional authors, their names should be in normal order. For works by the same author, use six hyphens (three dashes) instead of the author’s name; the works should be listed by date. If there are multiple works by an author with the same date, these should be arranged alphabetically by title, then listed as 1999a, 1999b, and so on. Works for which an individual has been editor, translator, compiler, or the like should follow original works by that person. Coauthored works should be listed after works written only by the first author, arranged alphabetically by second author’s last name. The first author’s name should be spelled out for each new combination of authors. If no author is listed, alphabetize under the book or article title; do not use “Anonymous.”

Do not capitalize abbreviations such as vol. no., pt. and the like; in the case of foreign publications, use English forms of these terms. Use arabic numerals for volume numbers.

For large cities no state name is needed with place of publication; add state name for smaller cities, except when the name of the state appears in the publisher’s name. Thus: Boston: Houghton Mifflin; Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press; Lawrence: University Press of Kansas. Either conventional (N.Y.) or postal (NY) abbreviations for state names may be used, but be consistent. (See Chicago Manual of Style, 15th ed., 15.29, for a list of both forms of state abbreviations.)

Like all elements of your manuscript, the references list should be doublespaced, without any additional space between entries.

SAMPLE ENTRIES Book, single author Scalia, Antonin. 1997. A Matter of Interpretation: Federal Courts and the Law. Princeton, N.J.:

Princeton University Press. Book, multiple authors Light, Steven Andrew, and Kathryn Rand. 2005. Indian Gaming and Tribal Sovereignty: The

Casino Compromise. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.

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One volume of a multivolume work Rossum, Ralph A., and G. Alan Tarr. 2003. American Constitutional Law, vol. 1, The Structure of

Government, 6th ed. Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth. Edited collection Veit, Helen E., Kenneth R. Bowling, and Charlene Bangs Bickford, eds. 1991. Creating the Bill of

Rights: The Documentary Record from the First Congress. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Chapter in an edited collection Maggs, Gregory E. 1994. “The Secret Decline of Legislative History.” In The Public Interest Law

Review 1994, ed. Roger Clegg and Leonard A. Leo, 331–360. Washington, D.C.: National Legal Center for the Public Interest.

Edited work Thomas Hobbes. 1996. Leviathan, ed. Richard Tuck. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Translation Weber, Max. 1958. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, trans. Talcott Parsons. New

York: Charles Scribners. Journal article Muñoz, Vincent Phillip. 2003. “James Madison’s Principles of Religious Liberty.” American

Political Science Review 97, 1: 17–32. Newspaper or magazine article Elsasser, Glen. 1997. “No Contest: Top Court’s Top Fighter Is Scalia.” Chicago Tribune, May 27, 1. Kael, Pauline. 1991. “The Current Cinema.” New Yorker, January 8, 27. Theses and Dissertations Evans, Edward Taylor. 1991. “Vietnam in Turmoil: The Japanese Coup, the OSS, and the August

Revolution in 1945.” M.A. thesis, University of Richmond. Wainwright, William H. 1972. “De Gaulle and Indochina, 1940–1945.” Ph.D. diss., Fletcher School of

Law and Diplomacy. Website Sargent, Pamela. 2001. Interview with Jill Engel-Cox. December.

http://www.sff.net/people/PSargent/interview2002.htm (accessed December 1, 2003). SAMPLE LIST OF WORKS CITED Elsasser, Glen. 1997. “No Contest: Top Court’s Top Fighter Is Scalia.” Chicago Tribune, May 27, 1. Evans, Edward Taylor. 1991. “Vietnam in Turmoil: The Japanese Coup, the OSS, and the August

Revolution in 1945.” M.A. thesis, University of Richmond. Hobbes, Thomas. 1996. Leviathan, ed. Richard Tuck. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kael, Pauline. 1991a. “The Current Cinema.” New Yorker, January 8, 27.

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———. 1991b. Movie Love : Complete Reviews, 1988-1991. New York: Dutton. Maggs, Gregory E. 1994. “The Secret Decline of Legislative History.” In The Public Interest Law

Review 1994, ed. Roger Clegg and Leonard A. Leo, 305–334. Washington, D.C.: National Legal Center for the Public Interest.

Muñoz, Vincent Phillip. 2003. “James Madison’s Principles of Religious Liberty.” American Political Science Review 97, 1: 17–32.

Rossum, Ralph A. 2001. Federalism, the Supreme Court, and the Seventeenth Amendment: The Irony of Constitutional Democracy. Lanham, Md.: Lexington Books.

———. 2006. Antonin Scalia's Jurisprudence: Text and Tradition. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas.

Rossum, Ralph A., and G. Alan Tarr. 2003. American Constitutional Law, vol. 1, The Structure of Government, 6th ed. Belmont, Calif.: Wadsworth.

Rossum, Ralph A., and Gary L. McDowell, eds. 1981. The American Founding: Politics, Statesmanship, and the Constitution. Port Washington, N.Y.: Kennikat Press.

Sargent, Pamela. 2001. Interview with Jill Engel-Cox. December. http://www.sff.net/people/PSargent/interview2002.htm (accessed December 1, 2003).

Scalia, Antonin. 1997. A Matter of Interpretation: Federal Courts and the Law. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.

Veit, Helen E., Kenneth R. Bowling, and Charlene Bangs Bickford, eds. 1991. Creating the Bill of Rights: The Documentary Record from the First Congress. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Wainwright, William H. 1972. “De Gaulle and Indochina, 1940–1945.” Ph.D. diss., Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy.

Weber, Max. 1958. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, trans. Talcott Parsons. New York: Charles Scribners.

CITATIONS IN TEXT The basic citation consists of author’s last name and publication date (no punctuation separates them). Page numbers must be included for direct quotes and may be included for other specific references; these should be separated from the publication date by a comma. It is not necessary to repeat the author’s name in the citation if it appears in the sentence. Multiple references should be listed alphabetically, separated by semicolons. If there are more than three authors, use “et al.”

Those who felt that the Midwestern Taxonomic System was not entirely satisfactory chose to use

labels that included complex and culture (Krause 1998, 61), referring to assemblages of artifacts and

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to sites that shared similarities but had not yet been placed in a taxonomic scheme. Gordon R. Willey

and Philip Phillips’s publication Method and Theory in American Archaeology added the

dimensions of time and space to that of artifact form (1958, 17). These periods were first described by

Nebraska archaeologist John Champe (1946, 85–90) as a means of distinguishing ceramic-bearing sites

of the Great Plains from their midwestern counterparts. Use of Early, Middle, and Late Ceramic to

describe sites begins to appear in Kansas site reports (Beaudry, Cook, and Mrozowski 1980; Mullins et

al. 1978; Rotman and Nassaney 1983), and O’Brien (1984a) uses it in her handbook on Kansas

archaeology.

NOTES WITH THE AUTHOR-DATE METHOD Although in many cases use of the author-date system will eliminate the need for notes, you may find that you need to include some substantive notes as well. Do not include notes that consist only of author-date citations—these should be placed in the text. Citations within the notes should be in the same form as those in the text. Otherwise the substantive notes should be prepared in the same way as those using the traditional notes and bibliography system (see separate Notes guidelines).

1. For example, burial sites and mortuary practices receive only limited treatment (e.g., Binford 1978a;

Yellen 1977). Petroglyphs and pictographs—designs engraved and painted, respectively, on stone

exposures—are mentioned only in passing. Readers interested in this topic should refer to Kansas

Rock Art by Brian O’Neill (1981).