Module 2
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KievdescriptionfromWikipedia.docxKiev was a heavy aircraft carrying cruiser[2] that served the Soviet and Russian navies from 1975 to 1993. It was built between 1970 and 1975 at Chernomorski factory in Mykolaiv and was the first ship of its class ( Project 1143 Krechyet ( Gyrfalcon) or Kiev class)
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Service life
The Kiev was laid down on 21 July 1970 and launched on 26 December 1972. She was completed and commissioned on 28 December 1975, but officially entered service only in February 1977, after completing all trials. In 1976 she was moved from the Black Sea to her destination Severomorsk, as a part of the Northern Fleet.
On 16 July 1976 she left Sevastopol - 20.7.76 began testing the Yakovlev_Yak-36M (four Yak-36M and one Yak-36MU onboard) under sea conditions in the Mediterranean (off Crete). On 10.8.76 arrived in Severomorsk, Murmansk Oblast - attached to the 170th Anti-Submarine Warfare Brigade; 8.76 to 12.76 extensive tests in the Northern Fleet area; 12.4 to 19.4.77 took part in the Sever-77 exercise; 26.6.77 reclassified from PKR to TAVKR; 20.12.77 to 21.4.78 operations in the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean - 3.11.78 hit a sand bar, but suffered no damage; 4.8.78 took part in a local exercise; 11.10.78 final tests of the main missiles in the White Sea.[ citation needed ]
From 1977 to 1987, Kiev undertook 10 practice voyages to the Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. In March 1979 she undertook manoeuvres with her sistership Minsk on the Mediterranean. In October 1981 she was a flagship in the massive fleet exercise Zapad-81 on the Baltic Sea. From December 1982 to November 1984 she underwent an overhaul and modernization in Mykolaiv. From 1985, the practice of operating Yakovlev Yak-38s in STOL mode instead of VTOL was introduced, allowing an increase in aircraft payload and range, and a replacement of Kamov Ka-25 helicopters with Kamov Ka-27 started. In 1985 Kiev went back to the Northern Fleet. From 1987 she mainly stayed in Severomorsk. In December 1989 she was moved to reserve. After the disintegration of the USSR, the ship was taken by Russia. Due to a low military budget and worsening ship's condition, she was retired on 30 June 1993.
Post-service life
In 1996 she was sold to a Chinese company, and has been part of Binhai Aircraft Park, a military theme park in Tianjin since 1 May 2004. The concept design and master plan for the park was developed by tourism and attraction consultant Leisure Quest International (USA).
In August 2011, the ex- Kiev began taking guests as its new role as a luxury hotel after a refit costing £9.6 mil
Kiev-class aircraft carrier
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Class overview |
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Operators: |
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Preceded by: |
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Subclasses: |
Baku Class, INS Vikramaditya |
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In service: |
28 December 1975 - 1995 |
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Completed: |
4 |
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Laid up: |
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Preserved: |
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General characteristics |
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Type: |
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Displacement: |
42,000-45,000 metric tons full load |
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Length: |
273 m (896 ft) |
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Beam: |
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Draught: |
10 m (33 ft) |
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Propulsion: |
8 turbopressurized boilers, 4 steam turbines (200,000 shp), four shafts |
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Speed: |
32 knots (59 km/h) |
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Complement: |
1,200 to 1,600 |
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Armament: |
See article for variations 80 to 200 surface-to-air missiles 2 dual-purpose guns 8 close-in weapons systems 10 torpedo tubes |
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Aircraft carried: |
Up to 30, including: 12 × Yak-38 aircraft 16 x helicopters |
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Aviation facilities: |
Abbreviated angled aft flight deck |
The Kiev class carriers (also known as Project 1143 or as the Krechyet ( Gyrfalcon) class) were the first class of fixed-wing aircraft carriers built in the Soviet Union.
First laid down in 1970 the Kiev class was partially based on a design for a full-deck carrier proposed in Project Orel. Originally the Soviet Navy wanted a supercarrier similar to the American Kitty Hawk class . However, the smaller Kiev class design was chosen because it was considered to be more cost effective.
Unlike American or British carriers, the Kiev class is a combination of a cruiser and a carrier. In the Soviet Navy this class of ships was specifically designated as a heavy aviation cruiser rather than just an aircraft carrier. Although the ships were designed with an island superstructure to starboard, with a 2/3 length angled flight deck, the foredeck was taken up with the heavy missile armament. The intended mission of the Kiev class was support for strategic missile submarines, other surface ships and naval aviation; it was capable of engaging in anti-aircraft, anti-submarine and surface warfare.
A total of four Kiev class carriers were built and commissioned, serving in the Soviet and then Russian Navy. The first three were decommissioned, of which, one was scrapped and two were sold as recreational pieces to China. The fourth ship, Admiral Gorshkov, was sold to the Indian Navy in 2004, and is currently being modernized.
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General characteristics
Designer: Nevskoye Planning and Design Bureau
Builder: Nikolayev South (formerly Chernomorsky Shipyard 444)
Power Plant: 8 turbopressurized boilers, 4 steam turbines (200,000 shp), four shafts
Length: 273 meters overall (283 m for Vikramaditya)
Flight Deck Width: 53 meters
Beam: 32.6 meters
Displacement: 43,000-45,500 metric tons full load
Speed: 32 knots (59 km/h)
Aircraft: 26-30
12-13 Yak-38 VSTOL
14-17 Ka-25 or Ka-27/29 helicopters
Crew: 1,200-1,600 (including air wing)
Armament:
Kiev and Minsk:
4 × twin P-500 Bazalt SSM launchers (8 missiles)
2 × twin M-11 Shtorm SAM launchers (72 missiles)
2 × twin 9K33 Osa launchers (40 missiles)
2 × twin 76.2 mm AA guns
10 × 21" torpedo tubes
1 × twin SUW-N-1 FRAS Anti-Submarine Rocket launcher
Novorossiysk:
4 × twin P-500 Bazalt SSM launchers (8 missiles)
2 × twin M-11 Shtorm SAM launchers (72 missiles)
2 × twin 76.2 mm AA guns
8 × AK-630 30 mm CIWS
1 × twin SUW-N-1 FRAS Anti-Submarine Rocket launcher
Baku:
6 × twin P-500 Bazalt SSM launchers (12 missiles)
24 × 8-cell 9K330 Tor vertical SAM launchers (192 missiles)
2 × 100 mm guns
8 × AK-630 30 mm CIWS
10 × 21" torpedo tubes
Date Deployed: 1975 ( Kiev )
Ships
Kiev (1975–1993) Sold to China
Minsk (1978–1993) Sold to Korea → China
Novorossiysk (1982–1993) Sold to Korea (scrapped)
Baku (1987–1991), Admiral Gorshkov (1991-1995), now Vikramaditya (Entering Indian service in 2013)
