Journal Arctile and Discussion

Summary: Journal Article question

********Article should be not more than 3yrs old (Ex. 2020, 2019, 2018)

Pick one of the following terms for your research: code of ethics, conscious capitalism, corporate social responsibility (CSR), culture, ethical dilemma, external adaptation, mission culture, social capital, values-based leadership, or whistle-blowing.

DEFINITION: a brief definition of the key term followed by the APA reference for the term; this does not count in the word requirement.

Summarize the article in your own words- this should be in the 150-200-word range. Be sure to note the article's author, note their credentials and why we should put any weight behind his/her opinions, research or findings regarding the key term.

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DISCUSSION: Using 300-350 words, write a brief discussion, in your own words of how the article relates to the selected chapter Key Term. A discussion is not rehashing what was already stated in the article, but the opportunity for you to add value by sharing your experiences, thoughts and opinions. This is the most important part of the assignment.

REFERENCES: All references must be listed at the bottom of the submission--in APA format. (continued) Be sure to use the headers in your submission to ensure that all aspects of the assignment are completed as required. Any form of plagiarism, including cutting and pasting, will result in zero points for the entire assignment. Organization

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Discussion:

Discussions

Question: Describe the ethical challenges faced by organizations operating globally. (300 words +references)

Instructions:

A few general notes about these group discussions:

· Cite your source! (Not citing sources will result in deductions).

· The initial post and peer replies must be different! In other words, do not reuse your initial post for your peer replies.

· Provide concrete examples, perhaps from your own experience or cited from the reading

· Identify consequences or implications

· When completing peer replies, challenge something that has been posted – perhaps by playing devil’s advocate in a professional way

· Pose a related question or issue

· Suggest a different perspective or interpretation

· Pull in related information from other sources with proper citation – books, articles, websites, courses, etc.

· Please note that simply affirming the viewpoints of others does not contribute to online discussion so thus is not counted in relation to grading.

The TurnItIn program will be utilized for discussion posts. Student’s grades will be docked for TurnItIn similarity over 20%.

Topics for discussion will be found in each’s Module’s discussion assignment.

Each Module stands on its own. Thus, you cannot make-up points from a previous Module. Please make every effort to participate in all discussions.

The grading for each Discussion Forum will be broken into to two components. Up to 30 points can be received from the student’s answer to the initial discussion question and up to 20 points will be divided between the student’s two responses to their peers.

See the following Rubric for grading details:

Points	Discussion Posting Grading Rubric To Be Used to Grade Student’s Response to the Discussion Question
25-30	This posting will thoughtfully summarize and evaluate the case assigned, using sound arguments and clear prose. A stellar posting that will contain virtually no grammatical errors or typos. Not only will such a post engage with the ongoing conversation in a rhetorically suitable fashion, it will foster further discussion on the topic, perhaps exploring new lines of argument or different perspectives. This isn't just a response; it's proof that you are facilitating learning both for yourself and your fellow students. This posting corresponds to an A. The word count must be a minimum of 300 words.
20-25	This posting is a competent response to the subject: it's at least 250 to 300 words long, it addresses the question, without going into much detail, and it contributes to the overall conversation as another voice on the subject. This posting amounts to a B.
15-20	This posting responds to the subject. While it may be 200 to 250 words long, more or less, it addresses the question, but does not contribute to the overall conversation as another voice on the subject. This posting simply rehashes the thoughts of others, either the text or peers. It is possible this student read the answers of others to help them formulate their own response. This posting amounts to a C.
0-15	This posting reflects a less-than-adequate engagement with the subject, or is noticeably under the required word count. It does little to advance the discussion underway, and may even detract from it. – Or - No posting, late posting, or a post that is but the briefest nod toward a response

Points per response	Discussion Posting Grading Rubric To Be Used to Grade Student’s Response to Peers (two peer relies required)
5-10	Contributes to discussion with clear, concise comments formatted in an easy to read style that is free of grammatical or spelling errors. Demonstrates analysis of others’ posts; extends meaningful discussion by building on previous posts. This post is 50 - 100 words long. This posting corresponds to an A or B.
0-5	Communicates in friendly, courteous and helpful manner with some errors in clarity or mechanics. Posts shallow contribution to discussion (e.g., agrees or disagrees); does not enrich discussion. This posting amounts to a C. – Or - No posting or late posting or posts that are long, unorganized or rude content that may contain multiple errors or may be inappropriate. This posting amounts to a D or F.

Replay for the Discussions:

Discussion_1

 Shweta Macwan

Ethics plays a very important role in any business as part of the social responsibility of business. The sole aim of any business is to make money for its shareholders and it is very easy to cross ethical boundaries when you have thousands of employees and thousands of interactions with customers (directly or through your products/services) and the business is responsible for all of their actions. For these reasons, organizations need to have very strong rules to maintain high ethical standards. Ethical standards are difficult for an organization to maintain which they operate in one country, now imagine if the business operates globally, what kind of ethical challenges it might have to face (Woodruff, 2019).

When an organization operates globally, it faces a lot of challenges and it faces even more ethical challenges. The larger set of people your organization has interaction with, the higher ethical challenges it faces. Some of the various ethical challenges that an organization might face are: 

Standardized pay for all employees: The pay package standards might be different in different countries and despite two employees doing the same amount of work, the company might pay them different due to the industry stands in their country of operation (Brenkert, 2019).

Social Responsibility: Social responsibility is the obligation that is placed on the business to act in such a manner that it doesn’t harm the environment or the locality that it operates in. This is an added challenge which might cost the business some profit (Brenkert, 2019).

Social and Cultural Considerations: The company has to consider that different places will have different cultures and traditions and they might require more vacations or considerations based on their religious view or upbringings (Brenkert, 2019).

A business has to face many challenges when operating in a global market but a successful organization and maneuver through it and gain a lot of respect and admiration of people. Keeping high ethical standards is a must for any organization as it helps to keep the competition fair and protects the business for unnecessary lawsuits as well.

Discussion_2

Ethical Challenges

It is a known fact that there is a stark difference between the perception of ethics and ethical actions between different people. There may be a level of homogeneity observed in ethical perceptions between individuals on the grounds of religion, culture, geography, race and so on however it is almost impossible to be near same between two individuals. Some of the ethical challenges that companies may face are as follows:

Wages – Given the income disparity across the world, companies tend to set up operations in foreign countries where labor is relatively cheap as compared to the home country. This creates two ethical dilemmas for the company. First it is perceived to be paying way less than a livable wage to the foreign employees which may not be the actual case and though they are adhering to the legal minimum of that foreign country. Second, it may be perceived as stealing jobs from the home country in order to profiteer from low costs.

Business Practices: Business practices in one country which may be considered as ethical and an accepted practice may be considered as unethical in another country. This creates a dilemma for the company more so when they can be penalized in their home country even though they are following practices in the foreign country within the legal and ethical boundaries. A classic example of this is the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act which penalizes companies for engaging in unethical acts abroad even though they are acceptable in those countries.

Work Conditions: Worker safety standards are quite lower in some foreign countries though not hazardous which is one of the reasons why organizations consider operating abroad while considering the ethical impacts on worker safety.

In conclusion, I would say that while ethics is all about perceptions and organizations must make all efforts to maintain to be ethical in perception. On the other hand, I am a firm believer that while it is necessary to maintain ethical practices, organizations must always be on the right side of the law and follow the law always.